5.16 An insulated container, filled with 10 kg of liquid water at 20 C, is fitted with a stirrer. The stirrer is made to turn by lowering a 25-kg object outside the container a distance of 10 m using a frictionless pulley system. The local acceleration of gravity is 9.7 m/s2. Assume that all work done by the object is transferred to the water and that the water is incompressible. A. Determine the work transfer (kJ) to the water. B. Determine the increase in internal energy (kJ) of the water. C. Determine the final temperature ( C) of the water. HINT: Assume that the temperature change is small enough that a constant value of the specific heat is a good approximation. D. Determine the heat transfer (kJ) from the water required to return the water to its initial temperature. Turns, Stephen R.. Thermodynamics (p. 294). Cambridge University Press. Kindle Edition.
Answer:
a) W=2.425kJ
b) [tex]\Delta E=2.425kJ[/tex]
c) [tex]T_f=20.06^{o}C[/tex]
d) Q=-2.425kJ
Explanation:
a)
First of all, we need to do a drawing of what the system looks like, this will help us visualize the problem better and take the best possible approach. (see attached picture)
The problem states that this will be an ideal system. This is, there will be no friction loss and all the work done by the object is transferred to the water. Therefore, we need to calculate the work done by the object when falling those 10m. Work done is calculated by using the following formula:
[tex]W=Fd[/tex]
Where:
W=work done [J]
F= force applied [N]
d= distance [m]
In this case since it will be a vertical movement, the force is calculated like this:
F=mg
and the distance will be the height
d=h
so the formula gets the following shape:
[tex]W=mgh[/tex]
so now e can substitute:
[tex]W=(25kg)(9.7 m/s^{2})(10m)[/tex]
which yields:
W=2.425kJ
b) Since all the work is tansferred to the water, then the increase in internal energy will be the same as the work done by the object, so:
[tex]\Delta E=2.425kJ[/tex]
c) In order to find the final temperature of the water after all the energy has been transferred we can make use of the following formula:
[tex]\Delta Q=mC_{p}(T_{f}-T_{0})[/tex]
Where:
Q= heat transferred
m=mass
[tex]C_{p}[/tex]=specific heat
[tex]T_{f}[/tex]= Final temperature.
[tex]T_{0}[/tex]= initial temperature.
So we can solve the forula for the final temperature so we get:
[tex]T_{f}=\frac{\Delta Q}{mC_{p}}+T_{0}[/tex]
So now we can substitute the data we know:
[tex]T_{f}=\frac{2 425J}{(10000g)(4.1813\frac{J}{g-C})}+20^{o}C[/tex]
Which yields:
[tex]T_{f}=20.06^{o}C[/tex]
d)
For part d, we know that the amount of heat to be removed for the water to reach its original temperature is the same amount of energy you inputed with the difference that since the energy is being removed this means that it will be negative.
[tex]\Delta Q=-2.425kJ[/tex]
If the net force acting on an object is 100 N to the left, Are the forces unbalanced or balanced?
Answer: STOP LOOKING FOR ANSWERS OMG:(((((9
Explanation:
brief description about construction of mercury thermometer with figure
I will mark Brainlyest for the CORRECT ANSWER in % how are apes like humans
Explanation:
Chimpanzees are genetically closest to humans, and in fact, chimpanzees share about 98.6% of our DNA. We share more of our DNA with chimpanzees than with monkeys or other groups, or even with other great apes! We also both play, have complex emotions and intelligence, and a very similar physical makeup.
(I hope that's good) :)
Vector B~ has x, y, and z components of 7.1,
8.2, and 8.4 units, respectively.
Calculate the magnitude of B~ .
Can someone please help me?
Answer:
The magnitude of vector B is 13.7
Explanation:
Given that,
Component of vector B is
[tex]x=7.1[/tex]
[tex]y=8.2[/tex]
[tex]z=8.4[/tex]
We need to calculate the magnitude of vector B
Using given data
[tex]B=\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}[/tex]
Put the value into the formula
[tex]B=\sqrt{(7.1)^2+(8.2)^2+(8.4)^2}[/tex]
[tex]B=13.7[/tex]
Hence, The magnitude of vector B is 13.7
An object of irregular shape has a characteristic length of L = 0.5 m and is maintained at a uniform surface temperature of Ts = 400 K. When placed in atmospheric air at a temperature of T[infinity] = 300 K and moving with a velocity of V = 25 m/s, the average heat flux from the surface to the air is 10,000 W/m2 . If a second object of the same shape, but with a characteristic length of L = 2.5 m, is maintained at a surface temperature of Ts = 400 K and is placed in atmospheric air at T[infinity] = 300 K, what will the value of the average convection coefficient be if the air velocity is V = 5 m/s?.
Answer:
The value of the average convection coefficient is 20 W/Km².
Explanation:
Given that,
For first object,
Characteristic length = 0.5 m
Surface temperature = 400 K
Atmospheric temperature = 300 K
Velocity = 25 m/s
Air velocity = 5 m/s
Characteristic length of second object = 2.5 m
We have same shape and density of both objects so the reynold number will be same,
We need to calculate the value of the average convection coefficient
Using formula of reynold number for both objects
[tex]R_{1}=R_{2}[/tex]
[tex]\dfrac{u_{1}L_{1}}{\eta_{1}}=\dfrac{u_{2}L_{2}}{\eta_{2}}[/tex]
[tex]\dfrac{h_{1}L_{1}}{k_{1}}=\dfrac{h_{2}L_{2}}{k_{2}}[/tex]
Here, [tex]k_{1}=k_{2}[/tex]
[tex]h_{2}=h_{1}\times\dfrac{L_{1}}{L_{2}}[/tex]
[tex]h_{2}=\dfrac{q}{T_{2}-T_{1}}\times\dfrac{L_{1}}{L_{2}}[/tex]
Put the value into the formula
[tex]h_{2}=\dfrac{10000}{400-300}\times\dfrac{0.5}{2.5}[/tex]
[tex]h_{2}=20\ W/Km^2[/tex]
Hence, The value of the average convection coefficient is 20 W/Km².
Write a paragraph or two (no more than 1 page) describing the misconception and then explain the correct physics by identifying the forces or physics concepts involved in simple terms, like you are talking to your 3rd grade sibling.
Start with a question (will water fall out of the bucket when I stop rotating it?)
Give the common answer that is incorrect (what does your intuition tell you should happen?).
Explain what happens and why in simple terms (try practicing on an elementary student to make sure they understand).
Use diagrams and sketches in your explanation and avoid using physics terms like rotational, centripetal, normal forces, tension, friction, acceleration, velocity, vectors, buoyancy, energy, kinetics, potential, heat capacity, etc.
Answer:
1.) Everything that moves, will eventually come to a stop. Rest is the “natural” state of all objects
Of all physics misconceptions, this is the most common. Even the great philosopher Aristotle, included it into his most important contribution to the field, his famous Laws of Motion. But now we know it is wrong because Newton’s First Law of Motion tells us that “everything at rest will stay at rest, and everything in motion will stay in motion, unless acted upon by an external force.”
The first statement seems reasonable enough, but the second part is a little bit murky. The reason this confusion persists boils down to the fact that we are unable to identify the force that stops all motion, which is friction. Friction is a force that acts between two objects that are in contact and are moving relative to each other. When we roll a ball, it stops because of the frictional force acting between it and the floor.
2.) A continuous force is needed for continuous motion
This misconception is a direct consequence of the first one. While this is true, if you are, for example, pushing a grocery cart in a supermarket, again this is only because there is friction involved. The force you apply to keep an object moving is only to counteract the frictional force. If you were to throw a rock on outer space, it would travel with a constant velocity forever, unless it hits something, of course. This is because space is mostly empty (it has trace elements of gas and dust throughout), and there would not be any frictional force acting on that rock.
3.) An object is hard to push because it is heavy
This is one of the most common misconceptions because it’s something we see and feel everyday. While a heavy object is really hard to push, it is not because of its weight, but because of its inertia or mass. Inertia is an objects resistance to change in motion. It is important to note that inertia is resistance to “change motion” rather than just motion itself. When, I was a kid, I imagined that it would be easy to carry and push massive objects when in outer space, but not surprisingly, my younger self was wrong.,
With that said… Since these objects still have mass despite being weightless, this mass represents the object’s inertia.
4.) Planets revolve around the sun because they are pushed by gravity
We have to remember that gravity — the weakest of the four fundamental forces — is an attractive force. The reason why planets revolve around the Sun can be chalked up to the fact that the planets were already spinning within the protoplanetary disk encircling a young Sun. Gravity merely keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun, but it isn’t necessarily the one thing pushing the planets along their orbital plane.
5.) Heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones
This misconception is already debunked long ago by Galileo on his experiment when he dropped two objects with different masses on the Leaning Tower of Pisa. He has shown on that experiment that objects move downward with the same acceleration.
Again, the problem comes from not being able to identify another force that is involved, which is air resistance. All objects moving through air, and hence, all falling objects, experience air resistance. This force is proportional to the area of the object in the direction of motion. Usually, this force is negligible, but for light objects — with weight comparable to the air resistance, like a feather — it will have a big effect. This is ultimately confirmed by the famous hammer and feather drop experiment on the moon.
6.) There is no gravity in outer space
There is gravity in outer space, it is just weaker than what we experience here on Earth. Astronauts that are orbiting the Earth don’t experience gravity because they are free-falling (yes, you read that right). All satellites, including the moon and the planets, are in a constant state of freefall.
They just also have a tangential velocity with their free fall, that is why they don’t crash to what they are orbiting. When something is in free fall, it becomes weightless. This is why Kate Upton can do a photo shoot in zero gravity here on Earth. The plane that they are riding in actually went into free fall to do that.
7.) Planets move in circular orbits around the Sun
Planets actually move in elliptical orbits around the sun (with the Sun being the focus of the ellipse). This is actually the first of Kepler’s Three Laws of Planetary Motion, which deals with precisely how planets orbit the Sun.
One misconception deals with our seasons. Some might wrongly come to the conclusion that Earth’s proximity to the Sun dictates the seasons (summer is when Earth is closest to the Sun and winter is when it’s farther away), but that’s not entirely true. In reality, our seasons are caused by the tilt of Earth’s axis.
Type one to two paragraphs describing the changes in potential and kinetic energy of the cart.
Be sure to discuss how the potential and kinetic energy of the cart changes at each of the four
positions along the track, and explain why these changes occur.
Answer:
The cart starts out in position A with high potential energy, low kinetic energy, and some thermal energy. As the cart progresses into position B, the kinetic energy begins to increase and the potential energy begins to decrease; as the thermal energy increases as thermal energy from the track is transferred to the cart through friction. Once the cart reaches position C, it has high kinetic energy, low potential energy, and some thermal energy. At position D, the cart has high potential energy, low kinetic energy, and some thermal energy. The potential energy throughout is correlated to gravity, the kinetic energy is correlated to momentum, and the thermal energy is correlated to friction. The potential energy is at its maximum during position A, and its minimum at position C; the kinetic energy is at its maximum during position C, and its minimum at position A; the thermal energy is at its maximum during position B, and its minimum at position A.
Explanation:
Answer:
Cart A starts out on the top of the hill, it has great potential energy, low kinetic energy, and some thermal energy. Cart B is going down the hill which increased the kinetic energy and the thermal energy while the potential energy is decreasing. Cart C is at the bottom of the hill, having high kinetic energy, low potential energy and some thermal energy. Cart D is at the top of a smaller hill, giving it high potential energy, low kinetic energy and little thermal energy.
These changes occur because when an object is at a high place, it will have high potential energy, and low kinetic energy, and as the height goes down, the kinetic energy increases and the potential energy will decrease.
Explanation:
here's my version of answer
A skyrocket travels 113m at an angle of 82.4 with respect to the ground and toward the south. What’s the rocket’a horizontal displacement?
Answer:
∆x = 14.9 m, south
Explanation:
∆x = d(cos q) = (113 m)(cos 82.4°)
If a skyrocket travels 113 meters at an angle of 82.4 with respect to the ground and toward the south, then the horizontal displacement of the rocket would be 14.945 meters southwards.
What is displacement?An object's position changes if it moves in relation to a reference frame, such as when a passenger moves to the back of an airplane or a professor moves to the right in relation to a whiteboard. Displacement describes this shift in location.
As given in the problem if a skyrocket travels 113 meters at an angle of 82.4 with respect to the ground and toward the south.
The horizontal displacement = 113 Cos82.4
= 14.945 meters
Thus, the horizontal displacement of the rocket would be 14.945 meters southwards.
To learn more about displacement here, refer to the link;
https://brainly.com/question/10919017
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A locomotive engine pulls a train with a constant force comment on whether its acceleration will increase or decrease if more coaches are added to the train
Explanation:
the acceleration will be unchanged according to newton second law of motion
A locomotive engine pulls a train with a constant force then its acceleration will increase if more coaches are added to the train because the mass of the system would increase
What is Newton's second law?Newton's Second Law states that The resultant force acting on an object is proportional to the rate of change of momentum.
Force = mass ×acceleration
As given in the problem if a locomotive engine pulls a train with a constant force
As given the force is constant but if the number of coaches increases the mass of the train increase to balance the constant force acceleration will decrease.
Thus, if a locomotive engine pulls a train with a constant force then its acceleration will increase if more coaches are added to the train because the mass of the system would increase.
Learn more about Newton's second law, here refer from the link,
brainly.com/question/13447525
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An object accelerates from 9 m/s to 26 m/s in 8 seconds. What is the acceleration? Round your answer to
the nearest tenth.
Explanation:
Acceleration is the change in velocity over time.
a = Δv / Δt
a = (26 m/s − 9 m/s) / 8 s
a ≈ 2.1 m/s²
Property of matter which remains at rest, or in motion, unless acted upon
by an external force. *
Inference
Theory
Hypothesis
Inertia
What are spooky rays? How were they discovered? How are they related to visible light?
A 90kg woman and a 60kg boy are standing at rest on a frictionless frozen lake. The boy pushes the woman with a 40N horizontal force. Calculate the acceleration of the woman
3600 m/s2
0.66 m/s2
26.7 m/s2
0.44 m/s2
30 m/s2
1.5 m/s2
What happens to them?
The woman will move slowly, and the boy will move faster in the opposite direction.
The woman and the boy will move together with equal speeds.
The woman will move away, but the boy will remain at rest.
The boy will move away, but the woman will remain at rest.
The woman will move slowly, and the boy will move faster in the same direction.
The woman and the boy will move apart at equal speeds.
Answer:
The acceleration of the woman is 0.44 m/s²
Explanation:
Given;
mass of the woman, m₁ = 90 kg
mass of the boy, m₂ = 60 kg
The force applied by the boy, f₂ = 40 N
The net horizontal force on the woman = 40 N
Apply Newton's second law of motion to determine the acceleration of the woman;
f = ma
a = f / m
a = 40 / 90
a = 0.44 m/s²
Therefore, the acceleration of the woman is 0.44 m/s²
Light travelling in air striked a flat piece of uniformly thick glass at an incident of 60. If the index refraction of the glass is 1.50 what is the angle of refraction in the glass
Answer:
30.81°
Explanation:
Angle of refraction= sin⁻¹ 0.5122 = 30.81°.
Hope this helped!
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3 Physics Questions Please Help
1. Which will hit the ground FASTER (greater ), a pencil that is dropped from the top of the table ( = 0) or a pencil that rolls of the edge of the table ( > 0)? (Assume the table is level and both pencils leave the table at the same instant.)
a. The pencil that rolls off the table will hit faster.
b. The pencil that is dropped will hit faster.
c. Both will hit at the same speed.
d. Can’t tell without knowing how fast the second pencil was rolling.
2. You are throwing a water balloon as hard as you can off the top of the bleachers. You want the balloon to hit the ground with as great a velocity as possible. Which of these actions will help the hit the ground fastest—that is, with greatest ?
a. Throwing the balloon UP at any angle of θ with an initial velocity vmax.
b. Throwing the balloon DOWN at the opposite angle (-θ) with the same initial velocity vmax.
c. Both of these options—choices (a) and (b)—will yield the same .
d. Cannot compare these options without knowing angle θ.
3. Batman, hanging from the top of a low building, sees a criminal a long-distance away pointing a gun over his head at him. (The gun has no sighting tool, and the criminal does not know physics.) Assume Batman reacts just as the criminal fires the gun. (Which of the following should Batman NOT do? Circle any/all BAD MOVES.
a. Stay where he is and hope the criminal will miss.
b. Retract his grapple and hope to dodge the bullet by quickly shooting upward.
c. Let go of the building and hope to dodge the bullet by falling downward.
d. Push off the building and hope to dodge the bullet by moving sideways.
Check: did you see the word NOT in the question?
Answer:
Number one is C.Both
Number two is A. throw upwards
Number three is B. react his grapple... shooting upward
its a fill in the blank can someone plz help me
Answer:
That is Melon Collision and the second blank is Lone Collision.
Explanation:
On planet Gazorpzorp, an object from rest at a height of 3.00m takes 968 ms to reach the ground. What is the acceleration due to gravity on Gazorpzorp. Please show your work if possible.
Answer:
[tex]a=6.4\ m/s^2[/tex]
Explanation:
Given that,
Initial velocity, u = 0
It falls from a height of 3 m and it takes 968 ms to reach the ground.
We need to find the acceleration due to gravity on Gazorpzorp. Using second equation of motion to find a. It can be given by :
[tex]s=ut+\dfrac{1}{2}at^2[/tex]
u = 0 (at rest) and a = g
[tex]s=\dfrac{1}{2}at^2\\\\a=\dfrac{2s}{t^2}\\\\a=\dfrac{2(3)}{(968\times 10^{-3})^2}\\\\a=6.4\ m/s^2[/tex]
So, the acceleration due to gravity on Gazorpzorp [tex]6.4\ m/s^2[/tex].
A graduated cylinder has 20mL of water. A rock is placed in the graduated cylinder and the volume rises to 30mL. How can you calculate the volume of the rock?
Answer:
B. Subtract the new volume from the original volume
Explanation:
According to O*NET, what are common work contexts for Foresters?
Answer: Foresters. Manage public and private forested lands for economic, recreational, and conservation purposes. May inventory the type, amount, and location of standing timber, appraise the timber's worth, negotiate the purchase, and draw up contracts for procurement.
Explanation:
Two rocks, each of mass 72 kg, are positioned 95 m away from each other in deep space. What is the magnitude of the gravitational attraction between them? G=6.674 x 10^-11 N*m^2/kg^2.
3.8 x 10-12N
9.8 x 10-11N
3.0 x 10-10N
3.8 x 10-11N
Answer:
3.8 x 10^-11N
Explanation:
Given
M=72 kg
R=95 m
G=6.67x10^-11
Equation
Fg= 6.67x10^-11((72kg*72)/(95)^2)
Plug into calculator and get
3.8127756 x 10^-11
A racecar goes around a 400m track in 58 seconds, what is the speed and velocity?
Answer:
v = 6.89 [m/s]
velocity = 0
Explanation:
To solve this problem we must use the definition of speed which is defined by the following expression of physics, such as the relationship between distance and time.
v = x/t
where:
v = speed [m/s]
x = distance = 400 [m]
t = time = 58 [s]
v = 400/58
v = 6.89 [m/s]
The velocity is a vector, since the racing car moves in circles IE its movement started where it ended, its velocity is zero.
Which is the average velocity of a 35 kg kid sliding for 3.66 m on ice?
Answer:
Calculate the displacement of the car during the above acceleration. { ⃑ = –130 m} c. ... A 2.0 kg brick has a sliding coefficient of friction of 0.38.
Explanation:
What equal amounts of positive charge would have to be placed on the Earth and on the Moon to neutralize their gravitational attraction? Do you need to know the Moon’s distance to solve this problem? Why or why not? (b) How many metric tons of hydrogen would be needed to provide the positive charge calculated in part (a)? The molar mass of hydrogen is 1.008 g/mol.
Answer:
Fg = G M m / R^2 gravitational attraction
Fe = k Q^2 / R^2 electric repulsion
G M m = k Q^2
Q = (G M m / k)^1/2
Since m = .0123 M
Q = (.0123 G / k)^1/2 * M
Q = (.0123 * 6.67 * 10E-11 / 9 * 10E9)^1/2 * 5.98 * 10E24
Q = 5.71 * 10E13 C charge required on each body
n = 5.71 * 10E13 / 1.6 * 10E-19 = 3.57 * 10E32 atoms
N = 3.57 * 10E32 / 6.02 * 10E23 = 5.93 * 10E8 g-mol = 5.93 * 10E*5 kg-mol
Since 1 metric ton = 1000 kg
One would need 593 metric tons of hydrogen
What is the mass of an object that has a weight of 73.8 N
Answer:
[tex]we \: have \: \\ w = mg \\ 73.8 = m \times 9.8 \\ or \: m = \frac{73.8}{9.8} \\ or \: m = 7.5306[/tex]
name the four forces in physics?
Answer:
Gravitational
Electrostatic
magnetic
Frictional
gravitational
electrostatic
magnetic
frictional
hope it helps
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You have just moved into a new apartment and are trying to arrange your bedroom. You would like to move your dresser of weight 3,500 N across the carpet to a spot 5 m away on the opposite wall. Hoping to just slide your dresser easily across the floor, you do not empty your clothes out of the drawers before trying to move it. You push with all your might but cannot move the dresser before becoming completely exhausted. How much work do you do on the dresser? You have just moved into a new apartment and are trying to arrange your bedroom. You would like to move your dresser of weight 3,500 across the carpet to a spot 5 away on the opposite wall. Hoping to just slide your dresser easily across the floor, you do not empty your clothes out of the drawers before trying to move it. You push with all your might but cannot move the dresser before becoming completely exhausted. How much work do you do on the dresser? W>1.75×104J W=1.75×104J 1.75×104J>W>0J W=0J
Answer:
W = 0J
Explanation:
The work done by the dresser is described as
W = f d (cos θ)
F has been given as the weight of this dresser. And it is 3500 N
d = 0 m
When you put these values into the equation
W = 3500 x 0 x cosθ
W = 0 J
This value tells us that the work done on this dresser is zero. No work has been done. Therefore the last option answers the question.
The mass of an astronaut on Earth is 70 kg and her weight is 686N. What will the weight of the astronaut be on the moon? The moon has a gravitational pull of 1.62m/s².
A. 6.86kg
B. 70kg
C. 162.2N
D. 113.4N
Answer: C is correct
Explanation:
Equation of Motion Problems
Displacement. Distance. Speed and Velocity
1. Donovan Bailey ran the 100 m dash at the Atlanta Olympics in 9.84 s. Michael Johnson ran the 200 m in 19.32
s and the 400 m in 43.49 s. Find their average speed in each case.
Wom
kilometrom
Answer:
Below in bold.
Explanation:
1. Speed = distance / time
= 100 / 9.84
= 10.16 m/s.
Speed = 200/19.32 = 10.35 m/s.
Speed = 400/43.49 = 9.20 m/s.
which of these would most likely be a parts of a lab procedure?
A. write a hypothesis to answer a question
B. write a title at the top of a completed lab report
C. record the time to complete a chemical reaction
D. create a question on the cause of a chemical reaction