Answer:
Adjusting Journal Entry:
Debit Insurance Expense $1,400
Credit Prepaid Insurance $1,400
To record the insurance expense for the year (7 months).
Explanation:
This adjustment will cause the Prepaid Insurance account to remain $1,000. This balance represents the insurance cost for 5 months having deducted the insurance cost for 7 months from June 1 to December 31. So, in line with the accrual concept and the matching principle of generally accepted accounting principles, only $1,400 Insurance was incurred for the current year. The balance will be charged to the account when the service is consumed.
Demand for a product is 500 units per month. The company incurs a fixed order placement, transportation, and receiving cost of 4,000 each time an order is placed. Each cycle costs 500 and the retailer has a holding cost of 20 percent. Evaluate the number of products that the store manager should order in each replenishment lot?
Answer:
Economic Order Quantity is the level of inventory that minimizes the total inventory holding costs and ordering costs. It is one of the oldest classical production scheduling models. Economic order quantity refers to that number (quantity) ordered in a single purchase so that the accumulated costs of ordering and carrying costs are at the minimum level. In other words, the quantity that is ordered at one time should be so, which will minimize the total of. Cost of placing orders and receiving the goods, and Cost of storing the goods as well as interest on the capital invested.
economic order quantity (EOQ)
plzzzzzzzzzzzz It's urgent..
answer this only if you are confirm about it...
Answer:
D. Employees would be more motivated
Explanation:
The introduction of new technology into production process has so many benefits such as:
1. Productivity would increase: It is known that machines work faster and more accurately than man. This will increase the output of the company
2. Achieve a competitive advantage: If a producer introduces new technology to his work unlike his competitors that still uses old technology, he has more advantage over the market of the product produced because of improved standard of the product and increase in output.
3. Decrease in labor cost: The cost of using labor in production process is higher compared to the use of machines. If 5 labors can produce 100 units of goods in 5 hours, then, one machine should be able to produce more or equivalent in the same time
The disadvantage of introducing new technology is there's no motivation for workers. Salary is one of the major motivation of workers. Salaries of workers won't increase because of new technology, rather, it may decrease because they now perform less work in the production process.
D. Employees would be more motivated
Suppose that the demand curve for compact disks is given by P = 600 – Q and that the supply curve is given by P = 0.5 Q, where Q is the quantity of compact disks and P is their price. What is the price elasticity of demand at the equilibrium price and quantity?
a. –2.00b. –0.02c. –0.50d. –0.05e. –0.20
Answer: -0.5
Explanation:
From the information given,
Demand curve = P = 600 – Q
Supply curve = P = 0.5Q
Equilibrium = Qd = Qs
Therefore, 600 - Q = 0.5Q
600 = Q + 0.5Q
600 = 1.5Q
Q = 600/1.5
Q = 400
Since P = 600 - Q
P = 600 - 400
P = 200
Price elasticity will be:
= (dQ/dP) × (P/Q)
=(-1) × (200/400).
= -1 × 0.5
= -0.5
The price elasticity is -0.5
John works for a media advertising company that helps clients place ads in local online newspapers and magazines. He consults with systems analysts and programmers on projects that require the creation of systems to manage client records and trends. What is John's role in his organization?
Answer:
Database Administrator
Explanation:
From the question we are informed about John who works for a media advertising company that helps clients place ads in local online newspapers and magazines. He consults with systems analysts and programmers on projects that require the creation of systems to manage client records and trends. In this case, John's role in his organization is Database Administrator.
Database administrators can be regarded as a professionals that carry out functions that involve database development, security as well as storage and retrieval. They are professional that handle database management systems software, they are responsible for determining ways that can be used to organize and store data. Their role can carry such as capacity planning,performance monitoring as well as installation and configuration also troubleshooting and database design,
_______ is best described as the process of transformation of an idea into a new product or process, or the modification and recombination of existing ones.
Answer: Invention
Explanation:
Invention simply refers to the process for transforming an idea into a new product or the modification and the recombination of existing ones.
Invention is the unique method, or process that's used in the creation of a product or may be an improvement on a product or machine that's already created.
Allen buys only beer and pizza. When the price of beer is $2.00 per bottle and the price of pizza is $10.00, Allen maximizes his total utility (satisfaction) by buying 5 beers and 4 pizzas. If the marginal utility of the 5th beer is 100 utils. What would be the marginal utility of the 4th pizza?
Answer:
500 utils.
Explanation:
Calculation to determine What would be the marginal utility of the 4th pizza
First step is to determine the Total utility maximized
Using this formula
Total utility maximized =Beer Marginal Utility/Price of beers =Pizza Marginal Utility/Price of pizza.
Let plug in the formula
Total utility maximized= 100 utils/$2.00 = Marginal Utility of pizza/$10.00.
Marginal Utility of beers = 100/$2
Marginal Utility of beers= 50 utils per dollar
Marginal Utility of pizza =50 utils per dollar
Now let determine the marginal utility of the 4th pizza
Hence,
50 = Marginal Utility of pizza/$10
Marginal Utility of pizza=50*$10
Marginal Utility of pizza= 500 utils.
Therefore What would be the marginal utility of the 4th pizza is 500 utils
How do managers handle 2 challenges of each of the 8ms of management to effectively and efficiently steer their organization in a globally competitive environment and thus achieve the organizational goals
Answer:
16
Explanation:
i think 16 im not sure though. hope i helped:)
Renegade Publishers Inc. projected sales of 29,000 diaries for 2016. The estimated January 1, 2016, inventory is 1,200 units, and the desired December 31, 2016, inventory is 3,000 units. What is the budgeted production (in units) for 2016
Answer:
30,800 units
Explanation:
Production Budget for 2016
Budgeted Sales 29,000
Add Budgeted Closing Inventory 3,000
Total 32,000
Less Budgeted Opening Inventory (1,200)
Budgeted Production 30,800
therefore,
The budgeted production (in units) for 2016 is 30,800 units
In some very small countries, ConveyerPape recognizes that the cost of navigating the legal system and establishing a distribution channel is more than the potential profit. Still, ConveyerPape would like to provide conveyer belts to some established customers operating in the country. ConveyerPape should consider utilizing a:________
Answer:
Distribution intermediary
Explanation:
In simple words, Producers can contact different sorts of clients through intermediaries in a distribution chain. Intermediaries function as go-betweens for distinct parts of the supply chain, purchasing from one and delivering to another.
In other words, A delivery route is a series of firms or middlemen throughout which an item or service is purchased by the end buyer.
The purpose of GAAP's flexibility in its reporting standards allows companies to: Select one: a. Smooth reported revenues and earnings over several reporting periods. b. Change accounting estimates to meet target sales or earnings. c. Change accounting principles to improve reported earnings. d. Adopt specific accounting and reporting procedures to represent the firm's activities more accurately.
Answer:
D. Adopt specific accounting and reporting procedures to represent the firm's activities more accurately.
Explanation:
GAAP in accounting means Generally accepted accounting principle. It is a uniform collection of accounting rules and standards for reporting financial accounting for organizations
The main reason or purpose of GAAP is to ensure that there is transparency and consistency in the reporting of financial details from one organization to another. The aim is to also help firms record their financial activities accurately by adopting specific accounting and reporting procedures as stipulated by GAAP.
On December 31, the company provides consulting services and bills its customer $3,000 for these services.
Required:
Write down the necessary journal entry.
Answer:
Debit Accounts receivable $3,000
Credit Consulting Revenue $3,000
Explanation:
Based on the information given if the company provides consulting services and bills its customer the amount of $3,000 for these services the appropriate journal entry On December 31 will be:
On December 31
Debit Accounts receivable $3,000
Credit Consulting Revenue $3,000
On December 31
Accounts Receivable $3,000
To Consulting Revenue $3,000
(Being consulting services is recorded)
Here the account receivable should be recorded as it increased the assets and credited the consulting revenue as it also increased the revenue.
Therefore we can conclude that the above journal entry should be recorded.
Learn more about the journal entry here: brainly.com/question/20421012
The May transactions of Bramble Corp. were as follows:
May 4 Paid $610 due for supplies previously purchased on account.
7 Performed advisory services on account for $6,840.
8 Purchased supplies for $870 on account.
9 Purchased equipment for $1,930 in cash.
17 Paid employees $700 in cash.
22 Received bill for equipment repairs of $800.
29 Paid $1,280 for 12 months of insurance policy. Coverage begins June 1.
Required:
Journalize the transactions.
Answer and Explanation:
The journal entries are given below:
On May 4
Account payable $610
To cash $610
(To record the cash paid)
On May 7
Account receivable $6,840
To service revenue $6,840
(To record the service on account)
On May 8
Supplies $870
To Account payable $870
(To record supplies purchased on account)
On May 9
Equipment $1,930
To cash $1,930
(To record the equipment purchase)
On May 17
Salary expense $700
To cash $700
(To record the salaries expense)
On May 22
Repair expense $800
To Account payable $800
(To record the received bill for repairing of an equipment)
On May 29
Prepaid rent $1,280
To cash $1,280
(To record the cash paid)
Commercial Services.com Corporation provides business-to-business services on the Internet. Data concerning the most recent year appear below:
Sales $3,000,000
Net operating income $150,000
Average operating assets $750,000
Required:
Consider each question below independently. Carry out all computations to two decimal places.
1. Compute the company’s return on investment (ROI).
2. The entrepreneur who founded the company is convinced that sales will increase next year by 50% and that net operating income will increase by 200%, with no increase in average operating assets. What would be the company's ROI?
3. The chief financial officer of the company believes a more realistic scenario would be a $1,000,000 increase in sales, requiring a $250.000 increase in average operating assets, with a resulting $200,000 increase in net operating income. What would be the company’s ROI in this scenario?
Answer:
1. ROI = Margin * Turnover
Margin = Net operating income / Sales
= 150,000 / 3,000,000
= 5%
Turnover = Sales / Average operating assets
= 3,000,000 / 750,000
= 4 times
ROI = 5% * 4
= 20%
2. Sales will increase by 50% and NOI will increase by 200%.
Margin = (150,000 * (1 + 200%)) / (3,000,000 * ( 1 + 50%))
= 10%
Turnover = (3,000,000 * ( 1 + 50%)) / 750,000
= 6
ROI = 10% * 6
= 60%
3. Sales will increase by $1,000,000. Average operating assets by $250,000 and NOI will increase by $200,000
Margin = (150,000 + 200,000) / (3,000,000 + 1,000,000)
= 8.75%
Turnover = (3,000,000 + 1,000,000) / (750,000 + 250,000)
= 4
ROI = 8.75% * 4
= 35%
The following price quotations are for exchange-listed options on Primo Corporation common stock.
Company Strike Expiration Call Put
Primo 61.12 55 Feb 7.25 .48
With transaction costs ignored, how much would a buyer have to pay for one call option contract. Assume each contract is for 100 shares.
Answer:
$725
Explanation:
Price of call option = Call value * Number of shares in a contract
Where Call value = $7,25, Number of shares in the contract = 100
So, Price of call option = $7.25 * 100 shares
Price of call option = $725
So, the buyer would have to pay $725 for one call option contract assuming each contract is for 100 shares.
Stucki Holdings Corp. incurred the following expenditures: $3,400 cost to replace the transmission in a company-owned vehicle; $16,700 cost of annual property insurance on the company’s production facilities; $14,100 cost to develop and register a design patent; $62,500 cost to add a security and monitoring system to the company’s distribution center; $700 cost to repair paint damage on a company-owned vehicle caused by normal wear and tear.
Required:
Which, if any, of these expenditures should be capitalized?
Solution :
1. Nature : Cost to replace the transmission in the company owned vehicle --- $3,400
Remarks : It is a capital expenditure as the benefit of the transmission is more than 1 year.
2. Nature : cost of annual property insurance on the company’s production facilities ---- $16,700
Remarks : Insurance is considered as an annual expense of the company and the benefits of the company. It is available only for the year of insurance and therefore it is a revenue expense.
3. Nature : cost to develop and register a design patent --- $14,100
Remark : This expense should be capitalized as the benefits of the design is received for a longer period of time.
4. Nature : cost to add a security and monitoring system to the company’s distribution center --- $62,500
Remark : This expense should be capitalized as the benefits of the security as well as the monitoring is received for more than 1 year.
5. Nature : cost to repair paint damage on a company-owned vehicle caused by normal wear and tear --- $700
Remark : It is regular and is a maintenance expense. So this expense will not be capitalized.
As the interest rate __________, the quantity supplied of money __________ and the quantity demanded of money __________. Group of answer choices falls; remains unchanged; falls rises; rises; rises none of the these rises; remains unchanged; falls falls; rises; falls
Answer:
rises,remains unchanged,rises
Interest rates are the specific amount charged by the lenders to the borrower when lending money. When the interest rates increase, the demand falls.
What are supply and demand?Supply and demand are the economic pillars for setting the pricing of the objects and other materials in a market. The increased interest rates discourage the demand for funds by the borrowers and the consumers.
The quantity of money remains the same as the supply is not affected but the demand for the money will fall as the consumers, corporations and the consumers will not buy funds and loans at high-interest rates.
Therefore, option D. rises; remains unchanged; falls are the correct order of the blanks.
Learn more about supply and demand here:
https://brainly.com/question/13541250
Complete accounting cycle and financial statements
The city council of E. Staatsboro approved the following budget for the General Fund for fiscal year 2019.
Estimated Revenues
Property taxes $335,000
License fees 40,000
Fines and penalties 15,000
Total revenues $390,000
Appropriations
Salaries $350,000
Supplies and utilities 30,000
Debt service 3,000
Total appropriations 383,000
Budgeted Increase in Fund Balance $7,000
The postclosing trial balance for the fund, as of December 31, 2018, was as follows:
Debits Credits
Cash $15,000
Vouchers payable $8,000
Fund balance (unassigned) 7,000
$15,000 $15,000
The following transactions and events occurred during FY 2019.
1. Levied property taxes of $335,000 and mailed tax bills to property owners.
2. Borrowed $300,000 on tax anticipation notes at an interest rate of 1 percent per annum.
3. Ordered supplies expected to cost $18,000.
4. The supplies arrived, along with an invoice for $19,000; the city paid the invoice immediately.
5. Received cash ($383,000) from the following sources: property taxes ($330,000), licenses and fees ($38,000), fines and penalties ($15,000).
6. Paid cash for the following purposes: unpaid vouchers at the start of year ($8,000); salaries ($340,000); utility bills ($11,000).
7. Repaid the tax anticipation notes 6 months after date of borrowing, with interest.
8. Processed a budgetary interchange, increasing the appropriation for supplies and utilities by $2,000 and reducing the appropriation for salaries by the same amount.
9. Will pay salaries for the last few days in December, amounting to $2,000, at the end of the first pay period in January 2020; also, received in early January 2020 a utilities invoice for $1,000 applicable to December 2019.
Use the preceding information to do the following:
a. Prepare journal entries to record the budget and the listed transactions and events.
b. Prepare a preclosing trial balance.
c. Prepare a balance sheet; a statement of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance; and a budgetary comparison schedule.
The Beauty Beyond Words Salon uses an activity-based costing system in its beauty salon to determine the cost of services. The salon has determined the costs of services by activity as follows:
Activity Activity Rate
Hair washing $4.00
Conditioning $3.50
Chemical treatment $25.00
Styling $10.00
Hair Washing
Conditioning Chemical Treatment
Styling
Haircut 1 1 0 0
Complete style 1 1 0 1
Perm 2 3 1 1
Highlights 3 4 2 1
Calculate the cost of services for a haircut.
a. $7.50
b. $4.00
c. $3.50
d. $11.50
Answer:
The correct option is a. $7.50.
Explanation:
Note: The data in this question are merged together. They are therefore sorted before answering the question. See the attached pdf file for the complete question with the sorted data.
The explanation of the answer is now provided as follows:
Activity-based costing is a costing system that involves identifying an organization's activities and assigning the cost of each activity to all products and services based on actual consumption.
Based on the data in the question, a haircut requires one units each of Hair Washing and Conditioning, while it requires zero unit of each of Chemical Treatment and Styling.
Therefore, we have:
Cost of services for a haircut = (Units of Hair Washing * Rate of Hair Washing) + (Units of Conditioning * Rate of Conditioning) = (1 * $4.00) + (1 $3.50) = $4.00 + $3.50 = $7.50
Therefore, the correct option is a. $7.50.
Please read a mini case on page 302, chapter 9 and provide the answers to the following questions:
What are some of the major complexities encountered in developing cooperative strategies such as strategic alliances and joint ventures?
What role does competition from rivals play in the eventual success of cooperative strategies? Please explain.
What costs are incurred in developing strategic alliances? How can these costs be managed?
Should cost minimization or opportunity maximization be the primary goal of a cooperative strategy? Can both be achieved simultaneously? Why or why not?
Answer:
Following are the solution to the given question:
Explanation:
For question 1:
The Strategic Alliance provides several multi-faceted relationships between organizations, spanning intricate, short-term collaborations to long-term, organized contracts. A split is a reflection of strategic partnerships. Because as the margin requirement concept indicates, businesses could be having problems in the process, such as deciding on the need for a coalition, to join the alliance to minimize the transaction risks incurred in a new market. A business needs to determine whether it will be prepared to invest money and cash if it can shift from a strategy to cost control towards a diverse strategy to improve productivity.
The additional complication occurs if you select a partner. The partner should respect business activities and clearly defined limits i.e. Each partnership should have defined goals, goals, or contributions. A partner can also seem opportunist, misinterpret commitment or question the availability of devoted resources. An alliance is difficult to create, but it is a hard task to manage. The cultural differences between the two companies can be a very complicated subject. For example, export privileges, taxes, scaling gaps, capabilities, decision-making type, reporting standards are the major problems.
For point 2:
Its core of competition helps to explain whether an organization's almost cooperative tactics are to avoid this rivalry. Each member must contrast the capital provided by such a partnership with the competition. It will address important issues, like businesses behind the market or before them? How are those entities trying to manage one another to continue to grow? And on and on. So, It will give a consistent purpose or reason to an alliance.
It was not a tactical but a political reply. Competing companies for the same market may develop alliances that are referred to as Co-opetition to its growth. Toyota and GMC vehicles were jointly built in such a joint venture by NUMMI, enabling Toyota & GM to improve Toyota's technology development for entry into the United States. NUMMI has been helping both businesses with economies of scale and scope.
For point 3:
Companies bear considerable costs when structuring a planned relationship and monitoring. They will exam fees whether they follow a chance maximization plan or divide the risks. For example, in and around the 1990s, Kodak and Fuji created films with Nikkor, Canon, and Konica, in collaboration with image sensors, to develop an effective camera with a picture machine. It helped the industry to expand a busy market commodity. Nevertheless, it benefited from the partnership, since it shared expenses through developing a typical market item and reduced risks if either of it had been manufactured novel, but just not suitable, prototypes.
For point 4:
It focuses on the level of trust engaged in a collaborative strategy for each participant. When one of the businesses appears to also be opportunist, cost minimization would be simple as a primary aim, as this would then implement a definite contract that would minimize any cash misuse or gain the partner's tactical skills. The research examines the time benefit of trust and the chance of success between the two organizations. This is the foundation for a chance optimization approach. The agreements are not as strict as it is in the cost reduction method and so fewer expenses are necessary to execute these.
Some of that can be encountered in developing cooperative strategies such as strategic alliances and joint ventures include conflicting goals and cultural differences.
The role that's played by competition from rivals in the eventual success of cooperative strategies is that it makes an organization produce good, quality products.The costs that are incurred in developing strategic alliances is financial costs, monitoring cost, etc.It should be noted that both cost minimization and opportunity maximization can be the primary goals of a cooperative strategy.
Read related link on:
https://brainly.com/question/21300074
In two hours JustBorn Candies can produce 30,000 Peeps or 90,000 Mike and Ikes or any combination in between.
a. What is the trade-off between Peeps and Mike and Ikes?
i. For every Peep, 9 Mike and Ikes can be produced.
ii. For every Peep, 1/3 Mike and Ike can be produced.
iii. For every Mike and Ike, 3 Peeps can be produced.
iv. For every Peep, 3 Mike and Ikes can be produced.
b. Draw a production possibility curve that reflects this trade-off.
c. Identify the placement of the following points on the production possibility curve.
i. An efficient production point is (Click to select)inside the production possibility curveoutside the production possibility curveon the production possibility curve.
ii. An inefficient production point is (Click to select)on the production possibility curveoutside the production possibility curveinside the production possibility curve.
iii. An impossible point is (Click to select)on the production possibility curveoutside the production possibility curveinside the production possibility curve.
d. Illustrate what would happen if JustBorn candies developed a technology that increased productivity by one third for both products.
Answer: See explanation
Explanation:
a. For every Peep, 3 Mike and Ikes can be produced
b. Check the attachment
c. An efficient production point is (on the) production possibility curve.
An inefficient production point is (inside) the production possibility curve.
An impossible point is (outside) the production possibility curve.
d. If if JustBorn candies developed a technology that increased productivity by one third for both products, then there will be a shift in the production possibility frontier outwards.
zylo inc preferred stock pays a 7.50 annual dividend. What is the maximum price you are willing to pay for one share of this stock todya is your required return is 9.75
Answer: $76.92
Explanation:
From the question, Zylo inc preferred stock pays a 7.50 annual dividend, the maximum price that will be willing to be paid for one share of this stock today if the required return is 9.75% will be calculated as:
= Dividend / Required return
= $7.50 / 9.75%
= $7.50/0.0975
= $76.92
The maximum price willing to be paid is $76.92.
North Pole Fishing Equipment Corporation and South Pole Fishing Equipment Corporation would have identical equity betas of 1.10 if both were all equity financed. The market value information for each company is shown here: North Pole South PoleDebt $ 2,900,000 $ 3,800,000 Equity $ 3,800,000 $ 2,900,000 The expected return on the market portfolio is 10.9 percent, and the risk-free rate is 3.2 percent. Both companies are subject to a corporate tax rate of 35 percent. Assume the beta of debt is zero.a. What is the equity beta of each of the two companies? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answers to 2 decimal places. (e.g., 32.16))Equity betaNorth Pole South Pole b. What is the required rate of return on each of the two companies’ equity? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answers to 2 decimal places. (e.g., 32.16))Rate of returnNorth Pole % South Pole %
Answer and Explanation:
The calculation is given below;
For North Pole:
Unlevered Beta = 1.10
Debt = $2,900,000
Equity = $3,800,000
So,
D/E Ratio = Debt ÷ Equity
= $2,900,000 ÷ $3,800,000
= 0.76316
Now
Levered Beta = Unlevered Beta × [1 + (1 - tax) × D ÷ E Ratio]
= 1.10 × [1 + (1 - 0.35) × 0.76316]
= 1.65
Required Return = Risk-free Rate + Levered Beta × (Market Return - Risk-free Rate)
= 3.20% + 1.65 × (10.90% - 3.20%)
= 15.91%
For South Pole:
Unlevered Beta = 1.10
Debt = $3,800,000
Equity = $2,900,000
So,
D/E Ratio = Debt ÷ Equity
= $3,800,000 ÷ $2,900,000
= 1.31034
Now
Levered Beta = Unlevered Beta × [1 + (1 - tax) × D ÷ E Ratio]
= 1.10 × [1 + (1 - 0.35) × 1.31034]
= 2.04
And
Required Return = Risk-free Rate + Levered Beta × (Market Return - Risk-free Rate)
= 3.20% + 2.04 × (10.90% - 3.20%)
= 18.91%
The MC = P rule applies
Select one
A. Only when the firm is a price taker or perfectly competitive firm
B. To firms in all type of industries
C. Only to monopolies
D. Only to monopolistic competition
Mertis, Inc. reported Net fixed assets as follows on its Balance sheets for December 31, 2011, and December 31, 2012 look as follows:
2011 2012
Net fixed assets 815,000 865,000
On its 2012 Income statement, Mertis recorded a depreciation expense of $34,971. What amount of cash did Mertis spend in 2012 on new fixed assets? (Record your answer without a dollar sign and without commas, for example, a record $32,400 as 32400).
Answer:
the amount of cash did Mertis spend in 2012 on new fixed assets is $84,971
Explanation:
The computation of the amount of cash did Mertis spend in 2012 on new fixed assets is shown below;
= ending net fixed assets + depreciation expense - beginning net fixed assets
= $865,000 + $34,971 - $815,000
= $84,971
Hence, the amount of cash did Mertis spend in 2012 on new fixed assets is $84,971
Politicalization of Accounting Standards
Some accountants have said that politicization in the development and acceptance of generally accepted accounting principles (i.e., rule-making) is taking place. Think about the term more broadly to mean the compromise that results when the bodies responsible for developing generally accepted accounting principles (FASB) are pressured by interest groups (SEC, American Accounting Association, businesses through their various organizations, Institute of Management Accountants, financial analysts, bankers, lawyers, and so on).
Required:
a. The Committee on Accounting Procedure of the AICPA was established in the mid to late 1930s and functioned until 1959, at which time the Accounting Principles Board came into existence. In 1973, the Financial Accounting Standards Board was formed, and the APB went out of existence. Do the reasons these groups were formed, their methods of operation while in existence, and the reasons for the demise of the first two indicate an increasing politicalization (as the term is used in the broad sense) of accounting standard setting? Explain.
b. What arguments can be raised to support the politicalization of accounting standard setting?
c. What arguments can be raised against the politicalization of accounting standard setting?
Answer: Some accountants have said that politicization in the development and acceptance of generally accepted accounting principles (i.e., rule-making) is taking place. Some use the term “politicization” in a narrow sense to mean the influence by governmental agencies, particularly the Securities and Exchange Commission, on the development of generally accepted accounting principles. Others use it more broadly to mean the compromise that results when the bodies responsible for developing generally accepted accounting principles are pressured by interest groups (SEC, American Accounting Association, businesses through their various organizations, Institute of Management Accountants, financial analysts, bankers, lawyers, and so on).
Instructions
(a) The Committee on Accounting Procedure of the AICPA was established in the mid- to late 1930s
and functioned until 1959, at which time the Accounting Principles Board came into existence. In
1973, the Financial Accounting Standards Board was formed and the APB went out of existence.
Do the reasons these groups were formed, their methods of operation while in existence, and the
reasons for the demise of the first two indicate an increasing politicization (as the term is used in
the broad sense) of accounting standard-setting? Explain your answer by indicating how the CAP,
the APB, and the FASB operated or operate. Cite specific developments that tend to support your
answer.
(b) What arguments can be raised to support the “politicization” of accounting rule-making?
(c) What arguments can be raised against the “politicization” of accounting rule-making?
Solution
a) CAP. The Committee on Accounting Procedure, CAP, which was in existence from 1939 to 1959, was a natural outgrowth of AICPA committees which were in existence during the period 1933 to 1938. The committee was formed in direct response to the criticism received by the accounting profession during the financial crisis of 1929 and the years thereafter. The authorization to issue pronouncements on matters of accounting principles and procedures was based on the belief that the AICPA had the responsibility to establish practices that would become generally accepted by the profession and by corporate management.
Explanation:
The data is D = 50,000/year, S= $500 per order, H = $0.25 per unit per year. Assume a lead time of 3 days.
Fill in the following table. Write out the formulas you are using.
Annual demand
Holding cost (units per year)
Ordering cost
Ordering quantity (EOQ)
Number of orders per year
Average inventory
Maximum inventory
Reorder level
Length of order cycle
Annual holding cost
Annual ordering cost
Annual Affected Inventory Cost
b. Suppose a mistake was made in the data and the correct data is D = 60,000 per year, S = $400 per order, H = $0.20 per unit per year. Calculate the correct EOQ and affected inventory cost.
c. Now suppose we used the incorrect EOQ (based on the first set of data) instead of the correct EOQ. Calculate the affected inventory cost.
d. Compute the percentage error in the EOQ and in the inventory cost.
e. Moral of the story is that incorrect estimation of costs or demand (does or does not) result in substantial deviation from the optimal cost (circle the right answer).
Answer:
Annual demand 50,000 units
Holding cost $0.25 per year
Ordering Cost $500 per order
EOQ : 14,142
Number of orders per year 4
Average inventory 14,142 units
Maximum inventory 14,500 units
Reorder level 410 units
Length of order cycle 3 days
Annual Holding cost $12,500
Annual ordering cost $2000
Annual affected inventory cost $14,500
Explanation:
EOQ = [tex]\sqrt{\frac{2 * D * S}{H} }[/tex]
EOQ = [tex]\sqrt{\frac{2 * 50000 * 500}{0.25} }[/tex]
EOQ = 14,142 units
Number of Order : Annual demand / EOQ
Number of order : 50,000 / 14,142 = 3.53 or approximately 4
Annual Ordering cost : No. of order * cost per order
Annual ordering cost : 4 * $500 = $2,000
Annual Holding Cost : Demand * Holding cost per unit
Annual holding cost = 50,000 * $0.25 per unit = $12,500
Reorder level : Daily demand * lead time
Reorder level : [ 50000 / 365 ] * 3 = 410 units
why are relative prices important in the economy
Answer:
Relative-price changes, like inflation, can cause price pressure in an economy. Relative-price changes are not a monetary phenomenon. They arise in market economies as individual prices adjust to the ebb and flow of the supply and demand for various goods. Relative-price movements convey important information about the scarcity of particular goods and services. A rising relative price indicates that demand is outstripping supply (or that supply is falling behind demand), while a falling relative price denotes just the opposite. A rising relative price induces consumers to conserve on the good in question and to look for substitutes. A rising relative price also, by increasing profit opportunities, entices producers to bring more of the good in question to market.
In this way, relative-price changes—no matter how uncomfortable they are for consumers or producers—transmit vital information necessary for the efficient allocation of resources throughout any market economy. Inflation, by contrast, contributes no information useful to our consumption, production, or labor choices. If anything, inflation can temporarily distort vital relative-price signals, leading people to make unsound economic choices. It can even cause people to shift their time and resources away from activities that foster production and long-term economic growth to activities intended to protect their wealth rather than expand it.
The Maybe Pay Life Insurance Co. is trying to sell you an investment policy that will pay you and your heirs $25,000 per year forever. If the required return on this investment is 5.8 percent, how much will you pay for the policy
Answer:
the amount that should be paid for the policy is $431,034.48
Explanation:
The computation of the amount that should be paid for the policy is given below:
Present value of perpetual cash flow = Perpetual cash flow ÷ Rate of return
= $25,000 ÷ 5.8%
= $431,034.48
Hence, the amount that should be paid for the policy is $431,034.48
The same should be considered and relevant
The purpose or objectives of Competition policy
Answer:
Competition policy promotes market competition by regulating anti-competitive behavior undertaken by firms. The fundamental reason for competition policy is to allow the smooth functioning of the free market and the price mechanism, thus maximizing economic welfare.
Explanation:
To determine whether a lottery winner would prefer to receive the money in a single lump sum immediately or receive an equal amount over a period of years, you would use which type of time value of money calculation
Answer:
D)The present value of annuity
Explanation:
These are the options for the question
a) future value of a single amount.b. Contingent assets, if probable and estimable, are The present value of a single amount.c. The future value of an annuity
d. The present value of annuity
The present value of an annuity can be regarded as the amount of money which would be needed today inorder to fund series annuity payments in the future. With respect to time value of money, particular sum of money that is been received today usually have worth that is more than that same sum of money at a future date. For instance, To determine whether a lottery winner would prefer to receive the money in a single lump sum immediately or receive an equal amount over a period of years, you would use present value of annuity type of time value of money calculation.