Absorption costing is the method where all direct labor and manufacturing overheads are treated as fixed costs. Option A is the correct answer.
Absorption costing is a management accounting technique that includes all manufacturing expenses as cost of the product. This includes direct materials, direct labor, variable overheads, and fixed overheads. It is also known as full costing or overhead costing. It is known as full costing because it includes all the costs that are related to the production of the product.
Absorption costing should be used for pricing decisions when fixed costs are high, the unit of production is high, and there are few or no units sold during the year because it is an ideal approach for the long term. Because the expenses are shared among a large number of units, this reduces the per-unit cost of the item. Thus, option A is the correct answer.
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Discuss the assertion that, unlike the British West African colonies, development of nationalism in the French colonies unduly delay
Nationalism was an important factor in the development of decolonization in both British and French colonies in West Africa. However, the development of nationalism in French colonies was slower than in British colonies due to a variety of factors.
The French had a different approach to their colonies, which was based on assimilation, in which the French were seen as the superior culture and the African colonies were encouraged to adopt French language and culture. This created a sense of cultural inferiority that hindered the development of a strong nationalist movement in the colonies.
Additionally, the French had a policy of divide and rule in their colonies, which prevented the colonies from uniting against a common adversary. Finally, the French government was not as responsive to the needs of the colonies as the British government, which further hindered the growth of a nationalist movement. All of these factors combined lead to a slower development of nationalism in French colonies compared to British colonies.
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Critically Discus The Contextual Contributiong To the #feesMustFall Movement In South African Universities
The contextual factors that contributed to the #FeesMustFall movement in South Africa included inequality and racial discrimination and high level of income inequality.
What led to the #FeesMustFall movement ?The #FeesMustFall movement, which emerged in South Africa in 2015, was a student-led protest movement that aimed to address the issue of high tuition fees and financial exclusion in South African universities.
Historical factors played an important role in the #FeesMustFall movement. South Africa has a long history of inequality and racial discrimination, particularly in the area of education.
Economic factors were also a significant contributor to the #FeesMustFall movement. South Africa has a high level of income inequality, with many students facing significant financial barriers to accessing higher education.
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describe one of the heuristics or biases that are described in your textbook. next, discuss how affective processing may exacerbate or ameliorate the heuristic or bias. cite at least one source to support your assertion about affective processing and its proposed effect on cognition.
One of the heuristics or biases that are described in the textbook is the availability heuristic. Affective processing may exacerbate the heuristic by increasing the emotion impact of instances or ameliorate the heuristic by amplifying the salience of important instances.
The availability heuristic is a cognitive bias that occurs when people base their judgments or beliefs on the ease with which they can bring to mind specific examples or instances that support their position or belief. People tend to rely on this heuristic because it is easy and efficient, but it can also lead to errors and biases in judgment.
Affective processing can exacerbate the availability heuristic by amplifying the emotional impact of available examples or instances. When people are in a negative emotional state, they may be more likely to recall negative examples or instances, which can lead to a more negative judgment or belief. Conversely, when people are in a positive emotional state, they may be more likely to recall positive examples or instances, which can lead to a more positive judgment or belief.
However, affective processing can also ameliorate the availability heuristic by increasing the salience of important or relevant examples or instances. When people are in a positive or negative emotional state, they may be more attuned to certain cues or features that are relevant to their judgment or belief, which can help them make a more accurate and informed decision.
A study by Schwarz and Clore (1983) found that people who were in a positive mood were more likely to rely on heuristics that were consistent with their mood state, while people who were in a negative mood were more likely to rely on heuristics that were consistent with their mood state. This suggests that affective processing can have a powerful influence on cognitive processes, including the availability heuristic.
In conclusion, affective processing can exacerbate or ameliorate the availability heuristic, depending on the emotional state of the individual and the salience of the examples or instances that are available. The study by Schwarz and Clore (1983) provides support for the proposed effect of affective processing on cognition.
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Define the term public participation in sport and expand your answer by giving two example
Answer:
Public participation in sports refers to the active involvement of individuals in various forms of sports and physical activities that are open to the public. This participation can take on various forms, such as recreational sports leagues, amateur competitions, community events, and sports clubs. The aim of public participation in sports is to promote physical health, well-being, and social interaction among individuals.
1) Community sports leagues: These are organized sports activities that are open to anyone in the community who wants to participate. They are usually organized by local government or non-profit organizations and provide opportunities for people of all ages and abilities to get involved in sports.
2) Charity walks and runs: These are events that are organized to raise money for a particular cause, and they often involve participation from the general public. Participants can sign up to walk or run a certain distance and raise money through sponsorships or donations. These events promote public participation in physical activity while also supporting a charitable cause.
Relative to men who pursue a long-term mating strategy, men pursuing a short-term mating strategy are predicted to ___________ women who might demand commitment or investment prior to consenting to sex.(a) avoid
(b) find sexually attractive
(c) pursue
(d) find repulsive
The statement is completed as: ''Men pursuing a short-term mating strategy are predicted to avoid women who might demand commitment or investment prior to consenting to sex. Alternative a. is the correct alternative.
What is short-term mating strategy?A short-term mating strategy is a kind of strategy that is employed to get sexual satisfaction without committing long-term relationships. This strategy is employed by both sexes to get short-term sexual partners with minimum or no investment.
The sexual encounter may happen at the first meeting or after a few meetings, but they don’t have long-term commitment beyond the sexual relationship. The sexual relationship can happen with various partners or a single partner, and it doesn't last long.
In conclusion, alternative a. avoid is the correct alternative.
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latent fingerprints were collected at a crime scene. what most likely happened in the collection process?
Latent fingerprints are collected at a crime scene by dusting the surface for prints and then lifting them with tape. This process includes dusting the surface with a finely ground powder, then using a brush or other tool to spread the powder over the area and a piece of clear tape to collect the print.
The tape is then placed on a card and labeled with details of the scene. This process is used to preserve and identify the fingerprint evidence that may be present at the crime scene.
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Rapid Change in the racial composition of residential block in American cities that occurs when real estate agents and others stir up fears of neighborhood decline after encouraging people of color to move to previously white neighborhoods. In the resulting out migration, real estate agents profit through the turnover of properties.
The term used to describe the phenomenon identified is blockbusting.
The rapid change in the racial composition of residential blocks in American cities that occurs when real estate agents and others stir up fears of neighborhood decline after encouraging people of color to move to previously white neighborhoods is called blockbusting. In the resulting out migration, real estate agents profit through the turnover of properties.
Blockbusting refers to the practice of real estate agents and others promoting the turnover of white-owned properties in response to an influx of African American or other minority residents into previously white neighborhoods. The practice was used by real estate agents and speculators in the late 1940s to the mid-1970s to capitalize on white flight and urban disinvestment.
Blockbusting was widely considered to be a deceptive, manipulative, and racially charged form of housing discrimination that exploited minority residents, while benefiting real estate agents, speculators, and other investors.
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: What term is used for the given description: Rapid Change in the racial composition of residential block in American cities that occurs when real estate agents and others stir up fears of neighborhood decline after encouraging people of color to move to previously white neighborhoods. In the resulting out migration, real estate agents profit through the turnover of properties.
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What is the type of organizational structure in which a company is divided into discrete parts?
A functional structure is a type of organizational structure in which a company is divided into discrete parts. An organizational structure is the formal system of authority, communication, workflows, and roles that governs how work is carried out within an organization. An organizational structure allows employees and teams to collaborate more effectively and accomplish the organization's goals.
There are different types of organizational structures that businesses can adopt to increase their effectiveness, efficiency, and productivity. Some of them include:
Functional structure: This is the most common type of organizational structure in which a company is divided into discrete parts based on functions, such as marketing, finance, human resources, etc. In this structure, employees are grouped according to their functions, and they report to a manager overseeing the entire process.
Divisional structure: A company is divided into self-contained units, each with its own set of resources, such as personnel, technology, and capital. Each division is responsible for its own operations and has a unique culture and identity.
Matrix structure: This structure is a blend of the functional and divisional structures, where employees report to two or more supervisors, one from their function and the other from the project they are working on.Project structure: In this structure, teams are created to work on a specific project, and the team is dissolved after completion. This structure is temporary and flexible, and it allows companies to respond to changing market conditions.
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do you believe the relationship between cell phone behavior and consumption of fast food is orthogonal? [ select ]
No, I do not believe that the relationship between cell phone behavior and consumption of fast food is orthogonal.
What is an orthogonal relationship?In mathematics, an orthogonal relationship is one in which two variables are not related to each other. As a result, any changes in one variable have no effect on the other. As a result, any changes in one variable have no effect on the other.In this situation, I do not believe that the relationship between cell phone behavior and consumption of fast food is orthogonal. The reason for this is because there is a correlation between the two.
What is the relationship between cell phone behavior and fast food?When it comes to the relationship between cell phone behavior and fast food, there is a correlation between the two. People that consume fast food frequently also frequently use their cell phone. This is due to the fact that people are very busy these days and are constantly on their phone. They use it to order fast food, navigate to fast food restaurants, and pay for their meals.
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which type of development seeks to cut down on carbon emissions? forward capitals mixed-level development new urbanism suburbanization transportation orientated development
Based on socialization and industrialization concepts, the type of development that seeks to cut down on carbon emissions is New Urbanism
What is New Urbanism?New Urbanism is a term that is used to describe the planning and development approach of cities or communities based on the principles of how cities and towns had been built for the last several centuries: walkable blocks and streets, housing and shopping nearby, and accessible public spaces.
Generally, the new urbanism focuses on human-scaled urban design whose goal is to goals are to reduce dependence on the car, and to create livable and walkable, neighborhoods with a densely packed array of housing, jobs, and commercial sites.
In this case, the New Urbanism type of development seeks to reduce carbon emissions in the immediate environment.
Hence, in this case, it is concluded that the correct answer is option C. New Urbanism.
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Being alone is a process by which we do all of the following except: (pg. 142) a. Learn to tolerate feelings of isolation
b. Develop strength and self-reliance
c. Develop a deep understanding of ourselves
d. Reject the social overtures of others
Being alone is a process by which we do all of the following except reject the social advances of others. The correct option is d.
Being alone oneself teaches us to cope with loneliness, strengthens our independence, and helps us gain a profound awareness of who we are. The social advances of others need not necessarily be rejected, though. While spending time alone can be a sign of being alone, it is not always necessary to fully reject social contacts or turn off new connections when they present themselves.
Thus, the ideal selection is option d.
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which river was so badly polluted that it caught fire several times?
The Cuyahoga River was so badly polluted that it caught fire several times. Located in Northeast Ohio, USA, the Cuyahoga River flows into Lake Erie and was once heavily industrialized.
Chemicals and pollutants from factories and refineries were often dumped directly into the river, resulting in a dangerous level of contamination.
In 1969, the river caught fire and burned for several hours, causing extensive damage to the surrounding area. This event brought national attention to the issue of water pollution and played a key role in the formation of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Clean Water Act.
Today, significant efforts have been made to clean up the Cuyahoga River and restore its ecological health. However, the legacy of pollution and contamination remains a reminder of the importance of responsible stewardship of natural resources.
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What is a hemisphere
Answer:
one of the halves of the earth as divided by the equator or by a meridian. : one of two halves of a sphere.
Explanation:
YW
Answer: Half of a sphere
Explanation: If you had an asphere and cut it in half you'd get a hemisphere.
Advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, direct marketing, and public relations are among the many communication disciplines that make up IMC, which refers to integrated marketing promotioninfluenceconversioncommunication
Advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, direct marketing, and public relations are among the many communication disciplines that make up IMC, which refers to integrated marketing communication.
What is IMC?IMC stands for Integrated Marketing Communication, which is the coordination and integration of all marketing communication tools and messages to provide a seamless customer experience that is consistent across all contact points.The IMC advertising objective is to inform, persuade, or remind target audiences about a company's goods or services, as well as establish a distinctive brand image.
IMC combines all of the various forms of marketing communication (advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, direct marketing, public relations, and others) into a single, unified strategic marketing communication program that is intended to reach and influence targeted audiences.
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Describe the three defining features of a bureaucracy in your own words
A bureaucracy is a type of organizational structure used in many different industries and fields. It is characterized by a hierarchical system of authority, clear division of labor, and detailed rules and regulations.
The first defining feature of a bureaucracy is its hierarchical system of authority. This system places individuals in certain roles and assigns them varying levels of responsibility in line with their abilities and qualifications. The hierarchical structure of a bureaucracy allows for a clear chain of command and helps to ensure efficiency in decision-making processes.
The second defining feature of a bureaucracy is its clear division of labor. This means that each individual within the organization has a specific job description and is responsible for performing certain tasks. This division of labor helps to ensure that everyone within the organization is working towards the same goals and objectives.
The third defining feature of a bureaucracy is its detailed rules and regulations. These rules and regulations help to ensure that all employees understand their roles and responsibilities, as well as the overall goals and objectives of the organization. They also help to ensure that the organization is functioning in an efficient and effective manner.
In conclusion, the three defining features of a bureaucracy are its hierarchical system of authority, clear division of labor, and detailed rules and regulations. These features help to ensure that the organization is functioning in an efficient and effective manner.
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Match the correct label to each map to explain what the two maps of the Barrow plantation in Georgia reveal about the effects of emancipation on rural life in the South.
Maps of the Barrow plantation in 1860: In 1860, slaves lived in communal quarters near the owner's house.
Maps of the Barrow plantation 1881: In 1881, former slaves working as sharecroppers lived all over the plantation.
What was the effects of emancipation on rural life in the Georgia?The effects of emancipation on rural life in Georgia were significant and far-reaching. Following the end of slavery, African Americans in Georgia faced new challenges and opportunities as they sought to build new lives and communities in the face of ongoing discrimination and inequality.
The most significant impacts of emancipation was the transformation of Georgia's agricultural economy. With the loss of their enslaved labor force, many white plantation owners struggled to adapt to the new economic realities of the post-emancipation era.
Some turned to sharecropping and tenant farming, in which former slaves and poor whites rented land and worked for a share of the crops. This system often resulted in debt and poverty for tenant farmers, who lacked the resources and bargaining power to secure fair terms from landowners.
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Neir and his colleagues had Black and White interviewers approach White students who were attending a football game and ask if they were willing to help out with research by answering a questionnaire. The interviewers also wore hats representing either one of the two universities playing in the game. White students were significantly more likely to help the Black interviewers when they wore a hat of the same university as that worn by the interviewee. These results support the ______ model of reducing prejudice. a. Common ingroup identity b. Equal status c. Contact d. Jigsaw
The results of Neir and his colleagues' research support the Common Ingroup Identity (CII) model of reducing prejudice. The CII model suggests that when people belonging to two different social groups are united under a common group identity, their attitude towards each other can be improved.
In this case, the Black and White interviewers both wore hats representing the same university and were thus perceived as members of the same group by the White students. As a result, the White students were more willing to help the Black interviewers, even though they were of a different race.
The CII model is based on the concept that when people from different backgrounds share a common group identity, their attitudes toward each other are improved. This is because a shared group identity helps to foster a feeling of unity, mutual understanding, and respect. Additionally, when individuals perceive themselves to be part of the same group, they are more likely to trust and cooperate with one another. The CII model suggests that the best way to reduce prejudice and foster positive intergroup relations is to bring people together under a common identity.
In summary, Neir and his colleagues' research supports the CII model of reducing prejudice, which suggests that when people from different backgrounds share a common group identity, their attitudes toward each other are improved. This model suggests that the best way to reduce prejudice and foster positive intergroup relations is to bring people together under a common identity.
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Some sexual minority individuals decide following the ______ phase to enter a coming out phase in which they publicly labeled themselves and discuss their identities with others.
Some sexual minority individuals decide following the identity confusion phase to enter a coming out phase in which they publicly label themselves and discuss their identities with others.
What is sexual minority?
Sexual minorities are individuals whose sexual orientation and/or sexual behavior is not heterosexual. This includes individuals who are gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, intersex, asexual, and others. Sexual minority individuals face discrimination, stigmatization, and marginalization, as well as a lack of legal rights, which can contribute to mental health problems and lower quality of life.
Sexual minorities are disproportionately impacted by violence, including hate crimes and sexual assault. In the sexual minority identity development process, there are six phases, which are Sensitization stage, Identity confusion, Identity assumption, Commitment, Challenges and Autonomy.
In the sexual minority identity development process, the second phase is identity confusion. In this phase, an individual is unsure of their sexual orientation and may struggle with feelings of isolation, confusion, and denial. After this, some sexual minority individuals decide to enter a coming out phase in which they publicly label themselves and discuss their identities with others.
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a team of young boeing engineers set the guinness world record for flying what object the farthest
A team of young boeing engineers set the guinness world record for flying a paper aeroplane the farthest.
The Guinness World Record for "farthest flight by a paper aircraft" was set by three engineers from the aerospace giant Boeing when they were able to fly a paper aeroplane over a distance of 88.31 m. On December 2 of the previous year, in Crown Point, Indiana, the record was set by Garrett Jensen, Nathan Erickson, and Dillon Ruble.
Using paper aeroplanes, they imitated the designs of various hypersonic aircraft, which have a top speed of five times the speed of sound. They developed a little paper aeroplane they christened Mach 5 after conducting extensive research. They used A4 paper and 20 minutes to construct the plane.
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how is okonkwo greeted by his mother's kinsmen? why do you think they do not judge him negetavely for his crime?
Okonkwo, the protagonist of Chinua Achebe's novel "Things Fall Apart," is greeted warmly by his mother's kinsmen when he returns to his motherland
Why the kinsmen did not judge Okonkwo negatively for his crime?
The reason why they do not judge Okonkwo negatively for his crime is that in their culture, it is believed that a man who has been exiled for a period of time has already paid for his crime and is entitled to forgiveness upon his return.
Additionally, Okonkwo is well-respected among his mother's kinsmen, as he is known for his strength and hard work. They value his contributions to the community and are willing to overlook his past transgressions in order to welcome him back into their society.
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jan needs to connect two offices together that are approximately 21 km, or 13 miles, apart from each other. which of the following would be the best choice of physical mediums that could be used to connect these locations? a. twisted pair ethernet cabling b. coaxial cabling c. single mode fiber d. multimode fiber
Single-mode fiber would be the best choice of physical medium to connect two offices that are 21 kilometers, or 13 miles, apart from each other. Single-mode fiber is designed to transmit data over long distances with high bandwidth and low signal attenuation, making it an ideal choice for long-haul telecommunications.
The physical medium that would be the best choice to connect two offices that are approximately 21 kilometers (13 miles) apart from each other is single-mode fiber. Single-mode fiber Single-mode fiber (SMF) is a type of optical fiber that is used to transport a single light beam (mode) along the fiber over long distances. SMF can only carry a single mode of light, which means it can only transmit one ray of light. SMF has a small core diameter of around 9 microns, which means it is capable of transmitting light over long distances without dispersion.
Twisted-pair Ethernet cabling and coaxial cabling have distance limitations and are not suitable for long distances over 10 km. Multimode fiber is better suited for shorter distances and has a lower bandwidth and higher attenuation than single-mode fiber. Therefore, single-mode fiber is the best choice for connecting two offices that are 21 km apart.
Therefore, SMF is best suited for high-speed, long-distance communications that require low attenuation (signal loss). SMF is the most commonly used physical medium for connecting two far-off locations. The answer is C. Single-mode fiber.
Hence, physical medium that would be the best choice to connect these locations.
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Why was the Duma largely ineffective in giving Russian citizens a voice in government?
A
Very few citizens chose to join the Duma.
B
The leaders of the Duma were killed on Bloody Sunday.
C
Nicholas shut down the Duma when he disagreed with them.
D
Only very wealthy Russians were permitted to join the Duma.
Because Tsar Nicholas II frequently disregarded the Duma's recommendations and even disbanded it when it disagreed with his policies, the Duma was mostly ineffectual in providing Russian citizens a voice in governance.
Why didn't Duma succeed in Russia?The Duma was never fully constituted in Russia after the monarchy was abolished. The State Duma's Temporary Committee, however, met on a regular basis. Prior to elections for the Constitutional Assembly, the Temporary Government dissolved the State Duma on October 6, 1917.
What function did the Duma serve inside the Russian government?Its primary responsibilities include passing federal constitutional amendments and federal laws, monitoring Russian government activity, appointing and dismissing the leaders of the Central Bank, Accounts Chamber, and High Commissioner for Human Rights, declaring amnesty, and dealing with issues relating to international parliamentary cooperation.
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Jabar, a 25-year-old auto mechanic, thinks he is Napoleon. He further believes he is being imprisoned against his will in the mental hospital where his relatives have brought him for treatment. Jabar is most likely suffering from:__________a) a dissociative identity disorder.
b) schizophrenia.
c) an obsessive-compulsive disorder.
d) conversion disorder.
e) a panic disorder
Jabar, a 25-year-old auto mechanic, thinks he is Napoleon. He further believes he is being imprisoned against his will in the mental hospital where his relatives have brought him for treatment. Jabar is most likely suffering from schizophrenia
In this case option B is correct
Schizophrenia is a severe and persistent mental illness that impairs a person's capacity for clear thinking, feeling, and behavior. The disorder is characterized by a variety of symptoms that can vary in severity and type and typically appear in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Common signs of schizophrenia include the following:
Delusions are unfounded false beliefs, such as the conviction that someone is scheming against you or that you possess unique skills or abilities.
Hallucinations: Unreal experiences such as hearing voices or seeing things that only the person experiencing them can see.
Speech and thought patterns that are disorganized make it difficult to communicate clearly.
Unusual motor behavior: Repetitive movements or other unusual motor behaviors
In this case option B is correct
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if you move your watchband up your wrist an inch or so, you will feel it for only a few moments. this best illustrates: responses weber's law weber's law parallel processing parallel processing accommodation accommodation sensory adaptation
The statement "if you move your watchband up your wrist an inch or so, you will feel it for only a few moments" best illustrates sensory adaptation. Therefore, the correct answer is the last option.
Sensory adaptation is a phenomenon that occurs when the body's sensory receptors have been exposed to continuous, unchanging stimuli. Sensory adaptation is a process that enables the body to adapt to the current environment by decreasing the amount of neural activity devoted to processing a constant stimulus. This process makes it possible for us to stay alert to sudden changes in the environment while ignoring continuous, unchanging stimuli that do not necessitate a reaction.
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what was the racial atmosphere in the housing project where dalton conley grew up in the 1970s?
Answer: Whites were a marginalized group.
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high school students in mississippi, where teacher salaries are low, were found to score better on the sat than did high school students in california, where teacher salaries are high. according to the author of the correlation and causation reading, what is the explanation for this finding? multiple choice a. the sat is a biased test that favors east-coast students. b. only the most advantaged and academically talented students in mississippi even bother to take the sat, whereas nearly half the students in california take it. c. mississippi uses the money it saves on teachers' salaries to send students to sat preparatory classes. d. poorly-paid teachers do a better job of educating students than highly-paid teachers do
The explanation for this finding can be described as "only the most advantaged and academically talented students in Mississippi even bother to take the sat, whereas nearly half the students in california take it". Option B is the correct answer.
According to the author of the correlation and causation reading, the explanation for the finding that high school students in Mississippi, where teacher salaries are low, scored better on the SAT than did high school students in California, where teacher salaries are high is: only the most advantaged and academically talented students in Mississippi even bother to take the SAT, whereas nearly half the students in California take it. Thus, option B is correct.
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The theme of _______ runs throughout the four chapters of Ruth; this theme is extremely important when we think of Jesus, the One who _______ us from our sinful state.
The theme of redemption runs throughout the four chapters of Ruth; this theme is extremely important when we think of Jesus, the One who redeemed us from our sinful state.
The book of Ruth is a profound work of Christian fiction that discusses the concept of God's redeeming love in the midst of chaos and affliction.
Throughout the book, Ruth, the protagonist, is saved from the hardships of life through God's protection and guidance. Redeeming love is the theme that runs throughout the four chapters of the book of Ruth, which is of great significance when we consider Jesus, who redeemed us from our sinful condition.
The book of Ruth teaches us how God's love can redeem us from a hopeless and dismal existence, and the story of Ruth's life is an excellent illustration of this message.
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What is the critical factor that helps you judge whether your interests can motivate a successful new venture or whether it will be more like a hobby?
The critical factor that helps you judge whether your interests can motivate a successful new venture or whether it will be more like a hobby is the potential demand for your product or service.
You need to identify whether there is a need or market for your idea and whether it can generate enough revenue to sustain a business. If there is a high demand for your product or service, and it has the potential to generate significant revenue, then it may be a viable entrepreneurial opportunity.
However, if there is little or no demand, or the revenue potential is limited, then it may be more of a hobby than a business opportunity.
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a positive is the unpaid benefit of an activity that is enjoyed by a third party is called
A positive is the unpaid benefit of an activity that is enjoyed by a third party is called a positive externality.
A positive externality occurs when a third party gains from an action. The government can reduce harmful externalities by taxing goods and services that have spillover costs. The government can foster positive externalities by offering subsidies for goods and services which have positive spillover effects.
Positive externalities are advantages of producing or using a product. Education, for instance, is a positive externality of school because people develop skills for their lives and for their careers. Contrarily, negative externalities are a price incurred during production or consumption.
Police protection and public health financing are examples of public goods with favorable externalities. Yet, not all products and services with favorable externalities qualify as public goods. The benefits of investing in education are enormous, but private businesses can also do so.
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in a study of social loafing, blindfolded students were asked to pull on a rope as hard as they could. the students tugged hardest when they thought:
In a study of social loafing, blindfolded students were asked to pull on a rope as hard as they could. The students tugged hardest when they thought no others were pulling with them.
Social loafing is a phenomenon that occurs when people exert less effort on a task when working in a group than when working individually. This decrease in effort is believed to be caused by a feeling of decreased accountability, a reduced sense of urgency, and an absence of perceived reward for individual effort
.A study was conducted on social loafing, where blindfolded students were asked to pull on a rope as hard as they could. The students tugged hardest when they thought no others were pulling with them. This finding can be attributed to the fact that when the students thought they were alone in pulling the rope, they felt a greater sense of responsibility towards the task, and hence put in more effort.
However, when the students thought that others were also pulling the rope, they felt a decreased sense of accountability and felt that their individual effort would not make much of a difference, leading to a decrease in effort on the task.
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