All but lipid A are found in the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria.
What is present in gram-positive bacteria's cell walls?The primary features of Gram-positive cell walls are a thick layer of peptidoglycan and the absence of an outer membrane; in place of lipopolysaccharides, Gram-positive bacteria have lipoteichoic acid and teichoic acid localised in the cell wall.
Teichoic acid is it present in gram-positive bacteria?Many gram-positive bacteria have wall teichoic acids, anionic glycopolymers that are highly functionalized in their peptidoglycan layers (WTAs). These polymers are essential for determining cell shape, controlling cell division, and other important gram-positive bacterial physiological processes.
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Predict the effect substantial changes in temperature, pH, or salt concentration on protein structure and function?
As a result of faster protein molecular mobility brought on by temperature increases, hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions can be broken.
What effects do variations in pH and temperature have on how proteins work?The internal interactions between the protein's amino acids can change if it is exposed to chemicals, changes in temperature, pH, or any of these conditions. As a result, the protein's structure may also change.
How are the structure and function of proteins impacted by temperature?Protein function is impacted by temperature by changing the way that native protein structures interact with molecules. As a result, proteins with specific amino acid sequences that maintain effective protein activities in a specific thermal environment are preferred by natural selection.
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How is productivity affected by light penetration?
On the other hand, in areas of the ocean that are extremely productive, high phytoplankton density close to the surface reduces the depth to which light can reach, decreasing productivity at deeper waters.
Does the amount of light effect primary productivity?Primary productivity is constrained by light availability.This implies that elevated amounts of primary productivity follow from high amounts of light.The process by which living things create organic molecules from their inorganic sources is known as primary productivity.This procedure uses light as its source of energy.
How does light impact plant productivity?The production of plant food, spike length, leaf color, and flowering are all influenced by light intensity.Low light environments typically result in spindly plants with light green foliage.Similar plants that are grown in intense light typically have larger, dark green foliage and shorter, better branches.
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the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure suggests that membranes
The fluid mosaic model of molecules structure suggests that membranes consist of molecules that are in constant movement.
The fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane as a tapestry of various types of molecules. These molecules may be phospholipids, cholesterols, carbohydrates, and even proteins. This model was first proposed by S.J. Singer and Garth I. Nicolson. The model also suggests that these molecules are in constant motion within the cell membrane. The role of the cell membrane as a barrier between the outside and inside environment is achieved due to these movements of the molecules. The mosaic term in the model refers to the mixture of the lipids and intrinsic proteins in the membrane. These boundaries are also fluids because the components of the fluids can move in a lateral direction allowing both the diffusion of components and locally specific gatherings.
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how to build the building blocks of lipids?
The body needs lipids, which are macromolecules that have a variety of uses in the body, including cell signaling, energy storage, and structural support.
Fatty acids, which have a long chain of carbon atoms with a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) at one end, are the basic units of lipids.
The presence or absence of double bonds between carbon atoms determines whether fatty acids are saturated or unsaturated. Unsaturated fatty acids often have one or more double bonds and are liquid at normal temperature, whereas saturated fatty acids have none and are typically solid at ambient temperature.
Glycerol, a three-carbon alcohol molecule that forms the core of many different types of lipids including triglycerides and phospholipids, is another component of lipids outside fatty acids.
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classify each characteristic as describing glycoproteins or proteoglycans.?
Proteoglycans differ from glycoproteins in that in proteoglycans, one or more glycosaminoglycan chains are attached to the protein while in glycoproteins, oligosaccharide chains are attached to proteins.
What are glycoproteins and proteoglycans?Glycoproteins and proteoglycans are two types of biomolecules that consist of a protein backbone and carbohydrate chains.
Glycoproteins are proteins that have one or more carbohydrate chains attached to them. The carbohydrate chains are usually short and branched, and they can have a variety of functions, such as acting as a recognition signal or helping to stabilize the protein structure. Examples of glycoproteins include antibodies, enzymes, and hormones.
Proteoglycans, on the other hand, are molecules that consist of a core protein attached to long, linear chains of carbohydrates called glycosaminoglycans (GAGs).
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using data from part 1 and your answer to question 1, write a conclusion statement regarding the relationship between the con2 concentration and photosynthesis rate
The relationship between CO₂ concentration and photosynthesis rate is as follows: an increase in CO₂ concentration causes an increase in photosynthesis rate, and a decrease in CO₂ leads to decrease in such as at 0.01% the rate of photosynthesis is 15% ,while 45% is seen at 0.06%.
What is the relationship of photosynthesis with CO₂?The relationship of photosynthesis with CO₂ is not direct and is influenced by factors such as temperature, light intensity, the availability of other essential nutrients, etc., plant growth and productivity are dependent on CO₂ concentration and photosynthesis rate.
Hence, the relationship between CO₂ concentration and photosynthesis rate is as follows: an increase in CO₂ concentration causes an increase in photosynthesis rate, and a decrease in CO₂ concentration causes a decrease in photosynthesis rate.
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The question is incomplete, the complete question is the below,
using data from part 1 and your answer to question 1, write a conclusion statement regarding the relationship between the con2 concentration and photosynthesis rate. The table is given below,
What is a genome???????
Answer:it’s a special plant
Explanation:
how do alleles segregate when more than one gene is involved?
According to the independent assortment principle, during the development of gametes, genes for various features can segregate independently.
What occurs when a gene has several alleles?Different phenotypes are produced in a population when many alleles mix in various ways. The proteins that these traits are caused by are those that the various alleles encode for. Despite the fact that every gene produces the same kind of protein, the many alleles can greatly vary how these proteins behave.
What causes independent gene segregation?According to the independent assortment theory, genes are inherited separately from one another. Therefore, the genetic components that regulate crest and sex are physically distinct. The genetic components segregate independently during gamete (egg and sperm) production because they are physically distinct.
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Lactose is a disaccharide formed by the formation of a ________ bond between glucose and ________.glycosidic; lactoseglycosidic; galactosehydrogen; sucrosehydrogen; fructose
A glycosidic link between glucose and galactose results in the disaccharide known as lactose.
What does lactose's glycosidic bond entail?One molecule of D-galactose and one molecule of D-glucose linked by a 1,4-glycosidic bond make up the reducing sugar lactose (the bond from the anomeric carbon of the first monosaccharide unit being directed upward).
What exactly are the O and N glycosidic bonds?When the anomeric carbon of the sugar makes a contact with the oxygen atom in the hydroxyl group of the alcohol, an O-glycosidic bond is created. The bond is known as an N-glycosidic bond if, on the other hand, the anomeric carbon of the sugar links with the nitrogen atom of an amine.
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What is meant by superior and inferior?
Superior means to be higher in rank while inferior means to be lower in rank.
Superior vs inferiorWhen something is said to be superior, it means the thing is higher in rank among its peers. On the other hand, an inferior thing is an indication that such a thing is lower in rank than its peers.
For example, if it is said that "a car is superior to other cars", it means that such a car is higher in rank in terms of quality or other factors than other cars. Being inferior means such a car is lower in rank than other cars in terms of quality or other factors.
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Is mortgage lifter indeterminate or determinate?
Mortgage lifter is a indeterminate type.
A Beefsteak-type tomato called "Mortgage Lifter" is relatively disease-resistant (VFN). The fruit weighs between one and two pounds (Burpee claims up to four pounds!) and is undetermined. Mortgage Lifter is a very productive tomato that has a fantastic tomato flavour, is very meaty, and is sometimes described as pink or red.
Till their first frost kills them, indeterminate tomatoes continue to grow and produce fruit. They continue to grow like vines and produce flowers at the ends of their stalks. Mortgage Lifter tomato variety may reach heights of six to twelve feet and needs large cages and trellises to maintain its growth.
The bulk of Mortgage Lifter tomatoes are indeterminate and tend to be fragile, therefore standard tomato cages may be too small or weak for them.
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What happens to the resting heart rate as a result of regular endurance exercise?
In the human heart at rest, endurance training results in an increase in parasympathetic activity and a decrease in sympathetic activity. these two autonomic results of training.
What happens if you follow a regular exercise regimen to your resting heart rate?A lower resting heart rate often denotes greater cardiovascular fitness. The lower your resting heart rate, according to Welch, the more you workout and train.
Does endurance exercise raise heart rate at rest?In the human heart at rest, endurance training results in an increase in parasympathetic activity and a decrease in sympathetic activity. Resting heart rate is decreased by these two training-related autonomic effects as well as a potential decline in intrinsic heart rate.
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how long does advil stay in your system
Advil should adequately control fever or slight pain for four to six hours at the prescribed dosage, but it will take roughly a day for the medicine to entirely leave the body.
Ibuprofen is quickly processed and removed in the urine, accounting for more than 90% of the supplied amount. It is totally removed within 24 hours following the last dose, and practically all of the supplied dose is metabolized, accounting for approximately 99% of the eliminated dose.
Although while its effects usually last 4 to 6 hours, it might take up to 24 hours to entirely remove ibuprofen from your system. The half-life of ibuprofen is approximately two hours, according to the prescribed guidelines.
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What is the genetic relationship between a sporophyte and the spores it produces?
A. The spores differ from the sporophyte but not from one another
B. The sporophyte and its spores are genetically identical
C. The sporophyte and every spore are each unique
D. Some, but not all, of the spores are the same as the sporophyte
The genetic relationship between a sporophyte and the spores it produces is typical that the sporophyte and its spores are genetically identical. So option B is correct.
This is because those spores are created through a sort of cell division called meiosis, which diminishes the number of chromosomes in the cells significantly.
Thus, the genetic material in the spores is an immediate duplicate of the genetic material in the sporophyte, for certain potential varieties because of genetic recombination during meiosis.
Because of changes that occurred during the growth of the sporophyte, there may periodically be minor hereditary contrasts between the sporophyte and its spores.
Also, a few plants might deliver spores that contrast from each other in size or shape, however, these varieties are generally not gotten on by varieties the hereditary structure.
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Write down an example for how the same genotype can give rise to different phenotypes in population.
The same genotype can give rise to different genotype for example, people having the same genotype and the same disease can show different symptoms.
Genotype is basically defined as the genetic makeup of an organism whereas the phenotype is the physical characteristics of an organisms which are basically influenced by the genotype of the organism. But, there can be cases that the genotypes of the multiple organisms can be same but they can still be exhibiting different phenotypes.
This basically happens when the environmental factors come into play. An example is that individuals having the same genotype can get affected by the same disease and still can show very different symptoms.
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Which characteristic differentiates prokaryotes from eukaryotes?a. no membrane-bound organellesb. no genetic materialc. no ribosomesd. no cell membrane
The characteristic that differentiates prokaryotes from eukaryotes is a) no membrane-bound organelles.
A lack of membrane-bound organelles is what sets prokaryotes apart from eukaryotes. Prokaryotic cells lack many of the membrane-bound organelles seen in eukaryotic cells, such as mitochondria and a nucleus, and are often smaller and structurally simpler than eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, in contrast, have a single circular chromosome that is not surrounded by a membrane, and its metabolic functions take place in the cytoplasm as opposed to specific organelles.
On the other hand, eukaryotic cells have a wide range of specialized organelles, such as a nucleus, mitochondria, and other membrane-bound structures that carry out certain tasks within the cell.
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Question: Part 1 (1 Point) Place The Following Steps Of RNA Splicing In The Correct Order From First Step To Last. Question List (6 Items) (Drag And Drop Into The Appropriate Area) RNA Splicing First Step A Conserved Adenine In The Branch-Point Site Attacks The Splice Site, Cutting The RNA At The 'Splice Site 1 Thelorlat Is Released And Degraded 2. BP And U2AF Bind To
The pre-mRNA produced after transcription of the DNA contains both introns and exons. Introns are the non-coding sequences, i.e., they do not code for amino acids, while the exons code for the amino acids.
The introns are removed from the pre-mRNA with the help of a process known as RNA splicing. It is a complex process involving the spliceosome machinery. The spliceosome is a complex consisting of the snRNA's (small nuclear RNA's) - U1, U2, U3, U4, U5 - where each snRNA is complexed with about seven protein subunits from snRNP's (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein).
The order in which RNA splicing occurs is:
a. BBP (branch-point binding protein) and U2AF bind to A in the branch point site in the intron, while the U1 snRNP binds to 5’ splice site.
- The U1 snRNP has a complementary base pair to the 5' splice site and binds with it. On the other hand, the BBP and U2AF (U2 assisting factor) recognize and bind to the branch point.
b. The U2 snRNP binds the branch point site and the U4/U6 and U5 snRNP’s bind to the 5’ splice site.
- The U2 snRNP displaces the BBP and u2AF from the branch point, and itself forms a complementary base pair with the branch point. The entry of U4/U6 and U5 takes place. First, U4/U6 will bind strongly to the pre-mRNA, but rearrangements occur which causes U6 to displace U1 from the 5' splice site.
c. A conserved adenine in the branch point site attacks the 5’ splice site, cutting the RNA at the 5’ splice site.
d. The 5’ end of the intron binds the branch point adenine, forming a lariat.
- A covalent bond is formed.
e. The 3’ end of the first exon interacts with the 3’ splice site, forming a new bond in the sugar-phosphate backbone.
- The 3'OH end of the first exon interacts and forms a new sugar-phosphate bond, joining them together.
f. The lariat is released and degraded.
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Full Question: Part 1 (1 point) Place the following steps of RNA splicing in the correct order from first step to last. Question List (6 items) (Drag and drop into the appropriate area) RNA Splicing First step A conserved adenine in the branch-point site attacks the splice site, cutting the RNA at the 'splice site 1 Thelorlat is released and degraded 2. BP and U2AF bind to the Ain the branch-point site in the intron while the U1 sRNP binds the 5' splice site O OF 12 QUESTIONS COMPLETED < 06/12 > Tch 05/24/20 The other formiranew hond in the 3 The 5 and of the tranbinds the branch-point forming at 4 The UnNP binds the branch point site and the U/US and US bind to 5 OF 12 QUESTIONS COMPLETED < 06/12 > Type here to search o RE
2.Which sentence uses the word passed correctly?
Responses:
Shelly was happy she passed all her classes.
Throw out any food passed its expiration date.
My house is a mile passed the library.
We drove passed the old elementary school.
3.Which word is misspelled?
Responses:
gulfs
beliefs
shelfs
bluffs
PERSON WILL GET 100 POINTS AND BRANLIEST IF I CAN GIVE IT!!
Answer: Shelly was happy she passed all of her classes and Shelfs
Explanation: The word passed is used as a past tense verb. Shelfs are spelled as Shelves.
Answer: For 2, the answer is "Shelly was happy she passed all her classes."
Explanation: The other 2 use "passed" incorrectly
Awnser: For 3, the answer is "Shelfs"
Explanation: The correct spelling is "Shelves"
Identify how many oxygen atoms are in the product. Identify how many oxygen atoms are in the reactant.
The number of oxygen atoms in the product and reactant will depend on the specific reaction being considered.
In a chemical reaction, the reactants are the starting materials that react with each other to form products. The products are the new substances that are formed as a result of the reaction. The number and types of atoms in the reactants must be conserved in the products, according to the law of conservation of mass.
To determine the number of oxygen atoms in a reaction, one must first write out the balanced chemical equation for the reaction, which indicates the relative amounts of the reactants and products.
The coefficients in the balanced equation indicate the number of molecules or moles of each substance involved in the reaction. From there, one can determine the number of oxygen atoms in the reactants and products based on the chemical formula of each substance.
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Why body regions labeled ?
Body regions are labeled in order to provide a common language and reference point for medical professionals and researchers. By using specific labels for different regions of the body, it is easier to accurately communicate and record information about a patient's condition or injury.
For example, if a doctor is describing an injury to another medical professional, they can use the specific label for the region of the body affected, rather than trying to describe the location in general terms. This helps to ensure that everyone involved in the patient's care is on the same page and has a clear understanding of the situation.
Additionally, labeling body regions is important for research purposes, as it allows for the consistent collection and analysis of data.
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Life as we know it cannot flourish on the moon but it might be possible for it to survive. What life form on Earth might survive on the moon?
One such organism is the tardigrade, also known as the water bear. Tardigrades are microscopic invertebrates that can survive in a variety of extreme conditions, including high radiation, extreme temperatures, and vacuum.
In fact, studies have shown that tardigrades can survive in the vacuum of space for several days.Other organisms that might survive on the Moon for a limited time include certain types of extremophilic bacteria, such as Deinococcus radiodurans, which is known for its ability to survive high levels of radiation and extreme temperatures.
However, it is important to note that the Moon is not a suitable environment for Earth life, and any life form that might survive there would likely be in a dormant or highly reduced state. It is also critical to preserve the Moon's pristine environment, free from contamination by Earth organisms, for future scientific exploration and potential colonization efforts.
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20 facts about plant and animal cells middle school advanced
Answer:
Explanation:
Plant and animal cells have some common or similar things and functions. Plants and animal cells are both eukaryotic cells. This means that they have membrane-bound organelles (cell membrane and cell organelles) like a nucleus and mitochondria.
What are the most important factors in a population pyramid?
A population pyramid is a graphical representation of a population's age and sex distribution, which can provide insight into the demographic trends and characteristics of a society.
The most important factors in a population pyramid are:
Age: In a population pyramid, the age structure of the population is critical. The pyramid is typically divided into five-year age groups, with the youngest at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The pyramid's shape can reveal whether a population is growing or shrinking, as well as whether it is getting younger or older over time.
Sex: Another important factor in a population pyramid is the population's sex ratio. The pyramid can display the proportion of males and females in each age group, providing insight into gender-related health, economic, and social issues.
Birth and death rates: The population's birth and death rates are also important factors in a population pyramid. High birth rates in younger age groups will result in a wider pyramid base, while high death rates in older age groups will result in a narrower top. These rates can also reveal long-term trends in fertility and mortality.
Migration: Another important factor that can influence the shape and structure of a population pyramid is migration. In-migration and out-migration can cause changes in the population's age and gender distribution, particularly in the younger and older age groups.
A population pyramid, in general, can provide a visual snapshot of a society's demographic trends and characteristics, and it can be a useful tool for policymakers and researchers in understanding and addressing a variety of social and economic issues.
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what is information storing molecule that makes up chromosomes?
DNA is the molecule of information. It provides the knowledge required to produce proteins, another type of substantial molecule. Each of your cells contains 46 long structures called chromosomes that serve as a distribution point for these instructions.
What is the main function of a chromosome?Chromosomes allow DNA to be copied accurately during these cell divisions. I will say it again. Chromosomes in the nucleus of our cells enable precise DNA replication during cell division. This ensures that internal operations are efficient and successful.
Which chromosome is the most important?However, the Y chromosome stands out from the others because it has data points on only one side. We can conclude that Y may be the most important chromosome for humans.
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18. Which of these mutations to the DNA codon GCT will affect the protein produced?
O
O
O
GCA
TCC
TCT
GTT
GTT mutations to the DNA codon GCT will affect the protein produced. Therefore, option D is correct.
What is mutation?Any alteration to a cell's DNA sequence is called a mutation. Mistakes in cell division can result in mutations, as can exposure to environmental DNA-damaging substances.
Mutations can be caused by some natural factors or by exposure to some radiations, X-rays, gamma rays, and smoking. Some mutations are hereditary, they pass from one generation to another.
GTT mutations to the DNA codon GCT will affect the protein produced. Therefore, option D is correct.
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Phosphorylation is an important form of posttranslational modification for intracellular proteins. Which one of the following amino acids is not a target for phosphorylation?
-phenylalanine
-histidine
-tyrosine
-serine
-threonine
Option a) Phenylalanine is one of the following amino acids is not a target for phosphorylation
Phenylalanine is naturally contained in mammalian milk. It is utilized in the production of food and beverages and is promoted as a nutritional supplement due to its analgesic and depressive properties. It is a direct precursor to the neuromodulator phenethylamine, which is a popular nutritional supplement.
Being an essential amino acid, phenylalanine cannot be produced in humans or other animals, thus it must be consumed in the form of phenylalanine or phenylalanine-containing proteins.
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According to cladistics, what type of trait is used to build a phylogenetic tree? O shared ancestral traits O shared derived traits O homologies O analogies and homologies O analogies
According to cladistics, the type of trait that is used to build a phylogenetic tree is shared derived traits.
The correct option is B.
What is cladistics?Cladistics is a method of biological classification in which groups of species are assigned based on theories of their most recent common ancestor. Common derived traits that are absent from more distant groups and ancestors serve as the primary source of support for proposed links.
According to cladistics, shared derived traits, also known as synapomorphies, are used to build a phylogenetic tree. These are traits that are unique to a particular group of organisms and are not found in their ancestors or other related groups.
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How do you grade pitting edema?
On a scale of +1 to +4, a grading system is frequently employed to determine the severity of the edema. It is evaluated by applying pressure to the affected area and then evaluating the depth of the pit (depression) and the duration of the depression (rebound time).
Edema, also known as fluid retention, dropsy, hydropsy, and swelling, is the accumulation of fluid in the body's tissues. The legs or arms are most usually afflicted. Symptoms include tight skin, a heavy feeling in the area, and joint stiffness. Additional symptoms are dependent on the underlying cause.
Venous insufficiency, heart failure, kidney difficulties, low protein levels, liver problems, deep vein thrombosis, infections, angioedema, certain medicines, and lymphedema are all possible causes. It can also happen after a lengthy period of sitting or standing, as well as during menstruation or pregnancy.
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The complete set of genetic information in an organism is known as____________.
A Gene
B Genome
C Chromosome
D Chromatin
The complete set of genetic information in an organism, including all of its genes and non-coding DNA sequences, is known as the B. Genome.
The genome is the entire collection of an organism's hereditary information, encoded in its DNA molecules. This DNA is organized into structures called chromosomes, which are made up of long, coiled strands of DNA wrapped around proteins called histones.
The DNA and histones together make up chromatin. Genes are specific sequences of DNA that code for particular proteins or RNA molecules, and they are a part of the genome. So, while genes are important components of the genome, the genome includes all of the genetic information of an organism.
Therefore, The option is B. Genome.
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fill The Blank?the small bulge at the end of the axon that sends messages to other neurons are called ____
The small bulge at the end of the axon that sends messages to other neurons are called "axon terminals".
The axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or muscles.
At the end of the axon, there is a small, bulbous structure called the axon terminal, also known as a terminal button, synaptic knob, or synaptic terminal.
The axon terminal contains tiny sacs called synaptic vesicles that store neurotransmitters, which are chemicals that transmit signals across the synapse, or the small gap between the axon terminal and the dendrites of other neurons.
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