An incoming ray of light has a vacuum wavelength of 589 nm.
a) If the light travels from tint glass (n = 1.66) to crown glass (n = 1.52) with an angle of incidence of 23.6 degrees, find the angle of refraction.
b) If the light travels from air to some medium with an angle of incidence of 14.9 degrees and an angle of refraction of 7.53 degrees, find the refractive index of the unknown medium.
c) If the light travels from air to diamond (n = 2.419) at an angle of incidence of 49.1 degrees, find the angle of refraction.

The nervous tissue consists of two types of cells one is known as glial cells while the other is known as neurons.

The nervous system is very complex. We know that there are only two types of cells in the nerve tissue. The actual nerve cell is known as a neuron. The neuron is the conducting cell that can transmit impulses and the structural units of the nervous system. There are other types of cells is well which are known as the neuroglia, or glial, cells.

Basically, the nervous tissues consist of two cells one is called nerve cells while the other is called glial cells which help to transmit nerve impulses and also provide nutrients to neurons.

So we can conclude that the nervous tissue is made up of two types of cells, neurons, and glial cells.

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The distance that the racing car traveled from  when it starts until the parachute is deployed is 20 m.  The total distance traveled by the car from its starting point to when it comes to a complete stop is 520 m.

The acceleration of a moving body is the rate of change in its velocity. It is a vector quantity having magnitude and direction. Thus, a change in magnitude or direction or both of them will cause an acceleration of the body.

Given that, speed v = 36 m/s

time =  4 s

Then the distance travelled from starting = 36. m/s × 4 s

then s = ut + 1/2 at²

initial velocity u = 0

a = 2.5 m/s²

s = 1/2  2.5 m/s²× 16 s² = 20 m

Therefor, the distance traveled by the car until the parachute is deployed is 20 m .

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Ionisation energy is the correct answer .

What is Energy ?

Energy, in physics the ability to do work. It can exist in electrical, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, or various other forms. There is also heat and work. H. After transmission, energy is always referred to according to its nature. Thus, the heat transferred can become thermal energy, while the work done can appear as mechanical energy. All forms of energy are associated with movement. For example, any object has kinetic energy when it is in motion. A taut device such as a bow or spring can create motion even when stationary. Because of its composition, it contains potential energy. Similarly, nuclear energy is potential energy as it results from the composition of subatomic particles within the nucleus .

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The DNA of Neurospora crassa is predicted to have a Tm that is relatively lower than that of human DNA. When compared to Neurospora crassa, the human DNA has a greater Tm value.

Given its extremely low G-C composition, An extensively utilised heterothallic filamentous fungus in genetic and biochemical studies is called Neurospora crassa. Both heterothallic and homothallic individuals belong to the genus Neurospora. N. crassa, which is commonly just referred to by its genus name, is the most thoroughly researched species. Mutagenesis has revealed a number of clock genes in Neurospora crassa that regulate circadian conidiation cycles. Frequency (frq) is a key gene that cycles at the mRNA and protein levels and participates in a negative autoregulatory feedback loop.

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When Shipping container is on a truck moving on a flat road then stopping distance is 180 meters.

Given,

mass m = 10000kg

speed v= 75mph

Average force F=2500N

When a car skids to a stop, the work done by friction upon the car is equal to the change in kinetic energy of the car. Work is directly proportional to the displacement of the car (skidding distance) and the kinetic energy is directly related to the square of the speed (KE=0.5*m*v2).

For this reason, the skidding distance is directly proportional to the square of the speed. So if the speed is tripled from 75 km/hr to 120 km/hr, then the stopping distance is increased by a factor of 9 (from 20 m to 9*20 m; or 180 m).

When analyzing forces in a structure or machine, it is conventional to classify forces as external forces.  Constraint forces or internal forces.External forces arise from interaction between the system of interest and its surroundings.

Examples of external forces include gravitational forces; lift or drag forces arising from wind loading, electrostatic and electromagnetic forces; and buoyancy forces; among others.

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As you pass over the top of the bump, the apparent weight of a 67 kg person in a car is therefore -17.80N.

Constant motion is a sort of motion that takes place when either the object's speed varies by the same amount every second or its distance travelled is the same every second. A car that goes continuously for 5 seconds in a straight line at 20 metres per second is said to be in motion. An object is considered to be moving at a constant speed when it covers the same distance in the same amount of time. When moving at a constant pace, an object covers a certain distance in a fixed amount of time. S = d t is a formula that can be used to express the speed.

The body is said to be moving at a uniform speed if it travels the same distance in the same amount of time. If the body goes in a straight line without changing its direction, the velocity is said to be constant. In all scenarios, there is no acceleration. Recall that the uniform velocity is a constant velocity as well.

-mg+N = -mass (v2/r) -(67(9.8) +N

= -(67(9.30/35) +N

=-17.80N

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The critical angle of SUV has a static stability factor of 1.2 is found to be Ф = 47.73

The static stability factor (SSF) is defined as the ratio of the height of the centre of gravity to one half the track width.

static stability factor (SSF)= tan Ф

 => Ф = tan^-1 (SSF)

=> tan^-1(1.2) =>  47.73

The formula SSF=T/2H is used to determine a vehicle's SSF, where T denotes "track width" and H denotes "height of centre of gravity."

The average location of an object's weight is known as its centre of gravity. Any object's motion through space may be completely explained in terms of how its centre of gravity moves from one location to another and that is how it rotates around its axis.

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a) Power of lens is 0.058D

Focal length =17mm

Power=1/focal length

Power=1/17

Power=0.058D

b) Power of the lens when looking at an object 20.0 cm from the eye is 0.05D

Focal length =20cm

Power=1/focal length

Power=1/20

Power=0.05D

What is the power of the lens?

The power of a lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length. It is represented by the letter P. The power P of a lens of focal length f (in m) is given by. P=1f. The SI unit of power of a lens is 'dioptre'.

How do you calculate eye lens power?

The power of a lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length in meters, or D = 1/f, where D is the power in diopters and f is the focal length in meters.

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The aircraft's bearing with relation to the positive x-axis in degrees is Q= 1.94

Using the principal compass direction (north or south), angle, and an indication of east or west, bearing produces a direction. A bearing identifies a line's direction as either north or south, with a deflection to the east or west of a certain number of degrees. Therefore, a bearing will never have an angle greater than 90 degrees.

As per the data given in the above question are as bellow,

The provided details are as follow,

An airplane flies due west at an airspeed of 406mph

Wind speed is 15 mph and coming from the northeast.

find the aircraft's bearing with relation to the positive x-axis in degrees.

To determine bearing of airplane.

We have,

[tex]$$\begin{aligned} \tan Q & =\frac{20 \sin (45)}{406+20 \cos (45)} \\& =0.033902 \\Q & =1.9417 \\Q & \cong 1.94\end{aligned}$$[/tex]

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A number that designates a specific orbit or energy level.

How Do Energy Levels Work? Energy levels are the fixed locations outside of an atom's nucleus where electrons may be located (also known as electron shells). The tiny, negatively charged electrons encircle the smaller, positively charged nucleus in an atom. Energy levels mirror a ladder's rungs in a number of ways.

Energy levels are nothing more than the electrons' set distances from an atom's nucleus. The electron shell is another name for the energy levels. An electron can migrate across energy levels, but it cannot remain in one energy level while in another.

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The block does not move at constant speed because the force exerted by the string on the block is not the only force acting on the block.

Velocity is a measure of the rate and direction of change in the position of an object. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. Velocity is usually expressed in meters per second (m/s).

For example, the block could also be subject to a frictional force from the surface it is resting on.

This force is acting in the opposite direction to the force from the string and it is not equal in magnitude, which means the net force acting on the block is not zero and it will not move at constant speed. Furthermore, the magnitude of the force from the string may also be changing due to the changing length of the string due to the motion of the block. As a result, the net force on the block will be constantly changing, leading to an acceleration and a change in the block's velocity.

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In the event when the hand is carrying a ball with a mass of 5.00 kg, the bicep muscle will exert  132.3 N of force. Let's say the forearm weighs 8.50 kg, with the mass's centre 20.0 cm from the elbow.

M = the ball's mass

mass of the forearm is mf.

rf = distance of centre of mass of forearm from elbow, which is 20 cm (0.20 m) away from elbow, and rb = distance of ball from elbow

force exerted by the biceps, F

r = distance of biceps force from elbow

Using elbow-based torque equilibrium

F r = mf rf + mb rb

using the equilibrium of force in the vertical direction, F r = 3.2 eq-1 where F r = 5 x 0.30 + 8.50 x 0.20

F = mb + mf g

F = 8.50* 9.8 + 5 * 9.8

F = 132.3 N

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The required, current 0.018 A circulates counterclockwise through the 5.0-Ω resistor. Option B is correct.

The induced emf causes a current to flow through the loop (the rod and the 5.0-Ω resistor). Since the resistance (R) of the resistor is given as 5.0 Ω, we can find the current (I) through the resistor:
I =E/R

Substitute the value of the induced emf:
I = -[Bwv]/R

Substitute the value in the above equation:
I = -[0.75*4/100*3]/5
I = 0.018 A counterclockwise direction

Thus, the required, current 0.018 A circulates counterclockwise through the 5.0-Ω resistor. Option B is correct.

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The amount of heat does the air exchange with its surroundings during the process abc is 4kJ.

This query is based on the first law of thermodynamics, which is formally defined as, Q = ΔU + W where, Q and ΔU is the changes in internal energy of the system and W is the work performed by the system. There is no change in the gas's internal energy since the temperature at states a and c remains constant. ΔU thus equals 0. Consequently, the heat generated during the process ABC, is Q = ΔU + Wabc

Q = 0 + Wab + Wbc

Q = 0 + 0+ 1 x 10^5Pa x (0.06-0.02) m^3

Here Wab = 0 as  volume remains constant along ab

Q = 4 x 10^3J = 4kJ

Because Q is positive, air will heat up during the process.

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complete question: A volume of air (assumed to be an ideal gas) is first cooled without changing its volume and then expanded without changing its pressure, as shown by the path abc. How much heat does the air exchange with its surroundings during the process abc? Does the air absorb heat or release heat during this process? Explain.

The total positive charge of all the protons in 1.0mol of water is  6.022x10²⁴

Two up protons and the one down quark are found in protons. One up particle and two downwards quarks make up neutrons. The "strong nuclear force," one of the four basic forces, holds the nucleus together (gravity and electromagnetism are two others).The number many protons within an atom is crucial since it determines the atom's identity. A hydrogen atom will be recognized as having just one proton, a carbon atom as having six protons, and so on. An atom's elemental composition is determined by the number or protons in it.

Hence, each molecule has 10 protons.

We have 6.022 x 10²³ molecules in one mole of water,

therefore,

multiply this by 10 to get the amount of protons:

Protons in a mole of water: 6.022x10²⁴.

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Yes, the earth and the moon are attracted to each other by gravitational force.

The greater an object's mass, the more gravitational force it exerts. So, Earth has a greater gravitational pull than the moon simply because the Earth is more massive.

Let m and M be the mass of moon and earth respectively which are separated by a distance r

Force of attraction that earth exert on moon,

                             Fe = GMm/ r^2

Force of attraction that moon exert on earth, Fm = GmM / r^2

Thus earth attracts the moon with same force by which moon attracts the  earth.

Also the gravitational force is an internal force of attraction between the two bodies, thus they have to be equal.

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The magnitude of the normal force acting on an object that rests on a flat surface is equal to the weight of the object, which is the force of gravity acting on it.

To estimate the magnitude of the normal force acting on an apple, we need to know its mass. On average, an apple weighs around 150 grams. To convert this to kilograms we divide by 1000, so the mass of an apple is 0.15 kg.

On substituting this values into the equation, we get:

F = m * g

F = 0.15 kg * 9.8 m/s^2

F ≈ 1.47 N

So the magnitude of the normal force acting on an apple that rests on a flat surface is approximately 1.47 N. It's worth noting that this is an estimate and the normal force could change due to various factors such as the friction of the surface, the angle of the surface, or the shape of the apple.

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According to the given statement the current carried by a conductor is doubled then the charge carrier density are remains constant.

Assume that I is the original current conduction. I' = 21

(a) charge density on doubling current The density of charge carriers is unaffected by the passage of current. It is dependent on the material's volume and atomic mass. carrier for electron density

As a result, the carrier's charge density doesn't change.

Current density (J)

J = Current / Area = I / A

the present J ∝ I. As a result, when the current doubles, so does the density.

velocity of electron drift.

Vd = I / nea

because Vd ∝ I. Therefore, the election drift velocity twice with a doubling of current.

(d) average time between collisions (1) The value of I is independent of the wire's current flow. Therefore, it has no impact on the current's doubling. Therefore, b/w collision does not change.

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The net current through the interior of the loop is 9 I into the screen.

And for loop two is 8 I out of the screen.

As per the given data, several wires carry currents into or out of the page.

Here we have to determine the net current through the interior of the loop.

For loop 1, the inward currents are 10 I and 14 I. The outward current is 15 I, so, the net current through loop 1 is,

I net = 10 I + 14 I - 15 I

= 9 I into the screen.

The net current through the interior of the loop is 9 I.

For loop 2, the inward current is 7 I, and the outward current is 15 I, so, the net current through loop 2 is,

I net = 15 I - 7 I

= 8 I Out of the screen.

Therefore the answer is 8 I.

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Hooke's Law states that when a spring is extended, the force is proportional to the length increase above the equilibrium length.

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When the bar magnet is moved to the left , no current is induced. when the magnet is moved to to the right, the current is right to left.

If a coil magnet remains static, there is no current flowing. However, if you spin it vigorously enough, you will induce a current. By rotating a coil of wire around a magnet or vice versa, an electrical current is produced by pushing the wire's electrons. In essence, kinetic energy—the energy of motion—is transformed into electrical energy via electricity generators.

The magnetic field is parallel to the wire and oriented in that direction. The direction of the current can be determined by wrapping the fingers of your right hand around a wire while pointing your thumb towards the direction of the current.

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The period of the wave  that have  Ф = 0 and ω = 2π /6 [tex]s^{-1}[/tex] is 6 sec and  the phasor representation of the wave at the three different times t = 0,2,4s is plotted in the graph .

1.1 - Given Ф = 0 , w = 2π /6 [tex]s^{-1}[/tex]

     we know , ω = 2π / T    , T =period

      2π /6  =  2π / T

      T = 6 sec

1.2 - y(x,t) = A cos ( ωt )  , here  Ф = 0 , [tex]p_{0}[/tex] is ignored .

       At t = 0 sec  ⇒ y(x,0)  = Acos( ω * 0 )  

                                            =A cos0

                                    y(x , 0) = A

       At t = 2 sec  ⇒ y(x,2)  = Acos( 2π /6 *2)

                                            = A cos( 2π /3)

                                     y(x,2) = [tex]\frac{-A}{2}[/tex]

        At t = 4 sec  ⇒ y(x,4)  = Acos( 2π /6 *4)

                                            =Acos( 4π /3)

                                      y(x,4) =  [tex]\frac{-A}{2}[/tex]

The pattern of disruption brought on by energy moving away from the sound source is known as a sound wave. Longitudinal waves are what make up sound. An example of an energy type that propagates across a material via adiabatic loading and unloading is acoustic waves. 

When energy moves through a medium (such as air, water, or any other liquid or solid substance), it creates a pattern of disruption that propagates away from the source of the sound.

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Question:

Imagine that you are sitting a distance away from a speaker, which is emitting sound waves. the air pressure, evaluated right at your ear is oscillating in time as y(x, t)=A cos ( ωt- Ф )+[tex]P_{0}[/tex]

1.1 For question ,suppose that Ф = 0 and ω = 2π /6 [tex]s^{-1}[/tex].what is the period of the wave?

1.2 plot the phasor representation of the wave at the three different times t = 0,2,4s

The mass of the both objects are 4.24 × 10⁵ kg and 2.544×10⁶ kg respectively.

The force of attraction between any two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses and is inversely proportional to the square of their distance, according to Newton's universal law of gravitation.

As two objects are placed 74 meters apart and the resulting force is 0.0103 N.

The Force between two objects = GMm/r²

0.0103  = 6.6×10⁻¹¹× m × 6m/(74)²

m = 4.24 × 10⁵ kg.

hence, the mass of the both objects are 4.24 × 10⁵ kg and (6×4.24 × 10⁵ kg) = 2.544×10⁶ kg respectively.

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The 2 C charge and the 8 C charge will attract each other by a force of 20 N

We'll begin by obtaining the distance between the 2 C charge and the 4C charge. Details below:

F = Kq₁q₂ / r²

10 = (9×10⁹ × 2 × 4) / r²

Cross multiply

10 × r² = 9×10⁹ × 2 × 4

Divide both sides by 10

r² = (9×10⁹ × 2 × 4) / 10

Take the square root of both sides

r = √[(9×10⁹ × 2 × 4) / 10]

r = 84852.8 m

Finally, we shall determine the force of attraction between the 2 C charge and the 8 C charge. Details below:

F = Kq₁q₂ / d²

F = (9×10⁹ × 2 × 8) / (84852.8)²

F = 20 N

Thus, the force of attraction between them is 20 N

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The path of the ball can be represented by the equation y(x) = (1/2)(-9.8)[tex](x/8)^2[/tex] + [tex]y_{0}[/tex], where [tex]y_{0}[/tex] is the initial vertical position of the ball. This equation describes a parabolic trajectory, the horizontal component of velocity is constant, so the equation for the horizontal position of the ball is x(t) = x0 + [tex]v_{x0}[/tex]*t, where [tex]x_{0}[/tex] is the initial position and [tex]v_{x0}[/tex] = 8 m/s.

The vertical position of the ball is given by y(t) = [tex]y_{0}[/tex] + [tex]v_{y0}[/tex]*t + (1/2)[tex]at^2[/tex], where [tex]y_{0}[/tex] is the initial position, [tex]v_{y0}[/tex] = 0 m/s, and a = -9.8 [tex]m/s^2[/tex] (the acceleration due to gravity).

At t = 0.25 s, the velocity of the ball is ([tex]v_{x0}[/tex], [tex]v_{y0}[/tex] + at) = (8 m/s, -2.45 m/s). The angular components of acceleration are (0 [tex]m/s^2[/tex], -9.8[tex]m/s^2[/tex]).

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The work done on the unit positive charge to move away from the sheet along a line perpendicular to it and the electric field increase with distance.

Against an electric field, the amount of labour required to transport a unit charge from one location to another is known as electric potential. Although any location beyond the range of the electric field charge can be used, Earth is typically selected as the reference point. potential electricity.

The presence of an electric charge results in a modification of space known as the electric field. Between a source charge and a test charge, the electric field mediates the electric force. A vector by definition points away from positive charges and toward negative charges, which is what the field does.

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An inductor is a passive two-terminal electrical component which resists changes in electric current and can store energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through it.

What is an  Magnetic field ?

A magnetic field is a region of space around a magnet or a current-carrying conductor in which a magnetic force exists. It is a vector field, meaning that at any point in the field, a vector can be defined that describes the direction and strength of the field at that point.

We need given the following data:

The inductance of an inductor is: Lo=12.50H.

The resistance of a resistor is: Ro=180.0Ω.

The current is: io=0.60A.

(A)The expression for the energy stored in the magnetic field is

Eo=1 / 2 x Loi2o

Solve for the energy stored in the magnetic field

Eo=1/2  ×12.50H×(0.60A)2

=2.25J

Thus the energy stored in the magnetic field is 2.25J.

(B)The expression for the rate of thermal energy developed in the inductor is

Po=i2oRo

Solve for the rate of thermal energy developed in the inductor

Po=(0.60A)2×180.0Ω

=64.80W

Thus the rate of thermal energy developed in the inductor is

64.80W.

(C)Energy does not come from the energy stored in the inductor.

Because of the ohmic resistance of the wire, the energy is delivered to the inductor.

So the magnetic field energy is not decreasing with time.

Thus the option (iii) is correct.

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The distance between the two charged particles is 8.2 cm.

The distance between the two charges is calculated by applying Coulomb's law of electrostatic force as shown below.

Mathematically, the formula for the force of attraction or repulsion between two charged particles is given as;

F = ( kq₁q₂ ) / ( r² )

where;

r² = ( kq₁q₂ ) / ( F )

r = √ [ ( kq₁q₂ ) / ( F ) ]

The distance between the two charged particles is calculated as;

r = √ [ (  9 x 10⁹ x 500 x 10⁻⁹ x 1 x 10⁻⁶ ) / ( 670 x 10⁻³ ) ]

r = 0.082 m

r = 8.2 cm

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