Answer:
Humans are not that different from other animals, but vary in the finer detail.
Indeed most amniotes (terrestrial organisms with fetuses surrounded by membrane) work pretty well along the same principles, and there’s also much in common as far back as you want to go, really, on land or in water.
And my next semi-random thought is to say that cellular differentiation, like real estate (apparently), is all about location, location, location. Where the cells are, or where they came from, seems to matter a lot.
Actually, it’s more about layers. Like an onion. Or a cake. (I can’t believe I’m writing this, and apologies to any Shrek fans out there.)
What I mean to say is that some understanding of developmental embryology will help here. To simplify things enormously, our adult cell types ultimately arise from embryonic stem cells. These stem cells are multi-purpose and programmable, or pluripotent in a sense, and capable of making whatever type or form of cell is requested. They just need to be “told” what to do. And just tiny bits of code do exactly that, flipping switches on or off as required, based on cues like orientation, chemical gradients, and proximity.
Now a quick read of the links above will explain it all, but I’ll press on anyway. Out of that initial programming arises our ‘germ layers’, the mesoderm, the ectoderm and the endoderm. We are, after all, triploblastic. 3 layers, get it?
But you knew that.
In case you didn’t, these layers in effect give you a scaffold or more accurately perhaps a tube comprising an inside, outside, and a middle. Where your cells are hanging out in that tube matters, in that they pick up on their location and auto-magically become functionally relevant to that space. In a sense, I mean. Refer back to location, location, location.
Just knowing that pattern of proximity, gradients, and orientation more than simply sets the scene. Whether you work forwards or backwards from there, you will hopefully see that these “germ layers” derive quite simply from a much earlier differentiation, and then complexify. In that sense you have your answer - a complex set of diverse cell types arises by differentiation from an earlier, simpler differentiation. Which sounds a bit clunky when I write it out, but it gives a general idea.
So how does this complicated process happen?
Well, as I mentioned chemical gradients are probably to blame here. And it actually starts before fertilisation, in that the egg itself is already semi-structured and bathed in chemicals with a high-low gradient of some sort. In that sense it’s giving cellular differentiation a head start (there’s a pun there), by setting up some sort of polarity from the beginning. At the very least we get some ends happening, or a top and a bottom if you like.
Now, again simplifying things enormously, your average fertilised egg, or zygote, has by definition a complete set of your DNA ready and waiting, which contains the code for every protein-making gene, plus transcription factors, plus whatever else gets copied for various reasons, including those we haven’t teased out as yet.
Note that those transcription factors really matter. We may have around 20,000 protein-expressing genes, but we also have some 1,500 transcription factors that seem to switch the genes on, off, or arguably and effectively somewhere in between. Well, they work in combination and by that we get a huge amount of variation in expression, and thus our cellular diversity as well.
And all of that DNA goodness is sitting in that zygote, bathed in chemicals that may vary very slightly from top to bottom and side to side as it were, by concentration and by other traits, like temperature. Several such things interact, including orientation and proximity to neighbours, but let’s assert (based on experiments) that the gradient is important, and that it continues to guide the “differentiation” process as new cells are born.
Which is to say that by this process of reading the DNA and expressing only the genes that are switched on by the helpful and gradient-sensitive (say) transcription factors, we get set up to form those 3-D axes and the scaffolding that will guide our cellular replication strategy. Which then produces a result that with each round of replication becomes subtly different and more diverse. Over time the subtlety gives way to more recognisable layers and specialisation in function.
Perhaps not the neatest, clearest explanation but the quickest and least baffling one I can come up with right now. As always, read the links to get a better grasp.
Answer:
During the development of an organism, cells differentiate into many distinct cell types. How does a single fertilized egg cell develop into so many different types of specialized cells? ... They both cannot produce all cells. Multipotent- limited to replacing cells in the tissue where they are found.
Which of the following best explains why the biosphere is a key component of the Earth’s systems?
a.
The biosphere is a key component of the Earth’s systems because it is a common concept to many disciplines in science.
b.
The biosphere is a key component of the Earth’s systems because the seasonal cycles directly affect primary productivity.
c.
The biosphere is a key component of the Earth’s systems because it helps drive the other systems by interacting with and exchanging matter and energy with the other spheres.
d.
The biosphere is a key component of the Earth’s systems because it has evolved to create the chemical composition of the planet we know today.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
B
C
D
Answer:
c. The biosphere is a key component of the Earth’s systems because it helps drive the other systems by interacting with and exchanging matter and energy with the other spheres.
Explanation:
DeShawn wants to conduct a scientific study on how land-clearing in his city may have affected the quality of the water. Which source of information would be most valuable to his research? A. a survey given to the people of the city ten years ago on the possible effects of land-clearing on water B. the opinion of a neighbor who has some knowledge on how to test city water for impurities C. a recent city government report with data regarding how clean the water supply is D. a recent political article stating that the water of the city should be filtered and cleaned Reset Next Question
Answer: i think that the answer is C
Explanation:
The source of the information that should be most valuable to the research should be option C.
What is research?
It means that the development of the new knowledge should be done or there is the usage of the existing knowledge for generating the new conceptsm methods, and understanding. It involved the synthesis and the analysis of last research for resulting the new or the creative outcomes.
So based on this, the option c should be correct.
Learn more about research here: https://brainly.com/question/24108869
What percent of energy is transferred from the sun to the level indicated? (3 points)
50 percent
100 percent
90 percent
10 percent
Answer:
It can
be explained with the help of ten percent law which
states that only 10 percent of the total energy available
at any trophic level is passed on the higher trophic level .
Most of the energy is lost as heat or is used in the
process of cellular respiration.
Explanation:
Union of haploid and diploid gamete results in a zygote that is
Answer:
Triploid
Explanation:
The process whereby gametes produced by different sexes of the same species of organism come together is called FERTILIZATION. A gamete is said to be HAPLOID (n) if it contains one set of chromosomes while it is DIPLOID (2n) if it contains two sets of chromosomes.
Hence, if an haploid (n) and diploid (2n) gamete unites, a zygote that is TRIPLOID (3n) emerges or forms. A triploid zygote will have three sets of chromosomes i.e. n + 2n = 3n.
Is hydrogen an atom or molecule
What is true of all body cells except sex cells?
Each cell type carries chromosomes and genes that identify it as that specific type of cell. For example, skin cells have different chromosomes and genes than muscle cells.
While each cell in the body contains the same number of chromosomes, each cell type has different genes along those chromosomes.
While each cell type in the body contains the same kinds of genes, they are organized on different chromosomes depending on the cell type.
Each body cell contains the same number and kinds of chromosomes for that organism. The chromosomes contain the same number and kinds of genes for that individual.
Explanation:
Each cell type carries chromosomes and genes that identify it as that specific type of cell. For example, skin cells have different chromosomes and genes than muscle cells.
(((25 POINTSS!!!! DUE SOON!! PLS HELP)))
The table below shows the number of rabbits living in an area of forest over 4 different generations. The table also breaks down their population size by fur color. Which statement below gives the best explanation of this data?
image link: https://imagebank.illuminateed.com/imagebank/1357110
Answer:
In a forest the brown rabbit would be the best
Explanation:
Answer:
C
Explanation:
PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE HELP AND GIVE EXPLANATION TOO!
FOR EXAMPLE: THE TYPE OF HEAT TRANSFER IS RADIATION BECAUSE...
*I ALREADY WROTE THE TYPE OF TRANSFER DOWN I JUST NEED EXPLANATIONS*
1.) Candle - The type of heat transfer here is radiation because...
2.) Tea Kettle & Mugs - The type of heat transfer here is conduction/convection because...
3.) Lamp - The type of heat transfer here is radiation because...
7.) Toaster - The type of heat transfer here is conduction/convection/radiation because...
9.) Radiator/Heater - The type of heat transfer here is radiation because...
Explanation:
1. a burning candle enits radiation in the form of heat and light, this is because of it emission of energy in rays or waves
2.tea and kettle mugs transfer heat by the actual movement of matter. heat leaves the nug as the currents of the steam and air rise. This also emmits heat to the surrounding area.
3.Radiation refers to the emission of energy in rays or waves. In this, a lamps energy is emmiting rays of heat the expands its heat and light to the surrounding area.
7. the coils in the toaster heat the air which heats the toast. A toaster uses infrared radiation because when you put food in the coild glow red.
9. this is beacuse, low wavelength, non visable infared radiation can carry heat directly from warm objects to cooler objects. It emmits and expands its heat energy to the surrounding area and other objects.
True or False: Just one change in the sequence of nucleotides or bases in DNA can change the code.
Answer:
true
Explanation:
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Which animal will use a hollowed-out tree stump as a home?
O A) a beaver
OB) a bear
OC) an eagle
OD) a rabbit
The image above depicts a triangular piece of land, ACD, with two roads, segments BE and CF, cutting across the property. The owner wishes to add a fence along segment BC. The entire triangular piece of land is an isosceles triangle in which sides AC and CD both equal 9 miles. Segment CF represents the perpendicular bisector of the 13 mile-long base. If triangles BKC and FKE, formed from the intersection of the two roads, are congruent and segment AE is equal to side CD, what is the length of segment BC?
Select one:
A. 2.5 miles
B. 3.0 miles
C. 3.5 miles
D. 4.0 miles
Answer:
A. 2.5 miles
Explanation:
I completed it n got 100 lol
difference between chlorenchyma and parenchyma
Answer:
Explanation:
Parenchyma
1. They have thin cell wall.
2. Their cell wall is made up of cellulose.
3. They are unspecialized tissues.
4. The are found in soft part of the plant.
5. They undergo photosynthesis and can stored the food and also play important role in gaseous exchange.
6. There are spaces between the cells.
Collecchyma.
1. They are thick cell walls.
2. Their cell walls are made up of cellulose and lectin.
3. They are specialized tissues
4. They are found in plants leaves and petioles.
5 The do not undergo photosynthesis but act to give mechanical support to plants.
6. They have little intercellular spaces.
Parenchyma and collecchyma are both tissues found in plants..
The modern cell theory doesn't say
A all living things are multicellular
B cells are the smallest living unit in all organisms
C all cells come from other cells
D all living things are made of cells
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Modern cell theory states: cells are the basic unit of structure and function for all living things, all cells come from preexisting cells, and all living things are made from cells. It does not state that all living things are multicellular, in fact there are plenty of unicellular organisms. Therefore the answer is A.
TRUE or FALSE: Dolphins are found in tropical areas, highly developed
swimmers and have highly advanced echolocation. *
True
False
Answer:
true
Explanation:
the amswer is true have a nice day
An artist is making a circular stained glass window with a diameter of 10in. The stained glass costs$4.40 per square inch
Answer:
44
Explanation:
The process of mitosis deals with?
Will mark brainliest
Answer: Gametes
Explanation:
Answer:
Gametes
Explanation:
When a cell divides by way of mitosis, it produces two clones of itself, each with the same number of chromosomes. When a cell divides by way of meiosis, it produces four cells, called gametes.
With the above paragraph one can conclude that mitosis deals with gametes.
which one contains many organelles with different functions prokaryotic cell eukaryotic cell
Answer:
Eukaryotic Cell
Explanation:
Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not. Differences in cellular structure of prokaryotes and eukaryotes include the presence of mitochondria and chloroplasts, the cell wall, and the structure of chromosomal DNA.
Burning fossil fuels for energy releases harmful emissions into the air. Which health concern is most likely related to these emissions?
A) Increases in blood cancers such as leukemia
B) Increases in skin disorders from absorption
C) Increases in respiratory illnesses such as asthma
D) Increases in digestive disorders from contaminated food
Answer:
Explanation:
its either c or b sorry if it is wrong
Answer:
C
Explanation:
If the harmful emissions are being released into the air, then the most logical answer would be an increase in respiratory illnesses auch as asthma.
It cannot be B or C because they specify that the disordera come from absorption and contaminated food, respectively.
It is most likely not A either.
If the mother's actual genotype is IA i and the father's blood type is IB i, what is the probability of their child having AB blood?
Answer:
1/4
Explanation:
punnett squares!
Explain why the cell membrane is the brain of the cell, as opposed to the nucleus.
Answer:
because it holds the information needed to conduct most of the cell's functions.
Cell membrane controls the transport of molecules across the cell and its external environment, Thus, it is called as the brain of the cell.
Why is cell membrane important?Cell membrane regulates most of the cellular activities through the property of selective permeability.
It is responsible for maintaining the cellular equilibrium through influx and efflux of ions and molecules.
There are various receptors present on the cell membrane which regulates the vital biochemical processes taking place in the body.
Cell membrane functions in the cell-cell recognition and cell signalling through various receptors.
Cell membrane is important in regulating body homeostasis. It offers the protective environment to the cell.
Control and regulation of activities is processed through brain.
Therefore, cell membrane is considered as the brain of the cell.
Learn more about cell membrane, here:
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Show a competition between organisms in this food chain below
HELP ASAP PLZ!!!!
Answer:
8tvitcrixuzu3duecitvurvih igb
Of the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum listed below, which has the shortest wavelength?
A.
visible light
B.
infrared radiation
C.
radio waves
D.
X-rays
If air pollution increases enough to begin reducing the amount of solar radiation to
reach the surface of the earth,
A. the ocean's thermocline would be directly affected
B. the salinity of the surface of the ocean would not be affected
C. the ocean would no longer be layered
D. more oxygen could be stored in the ocean
Answer:
options c.....
...........
What are four economically important sediment resources?
Answer: lithogenous, biogenous, hydrogenous, and cosmogenous
Explanation:
Drag each statement into the appropriate bin depending on whether the event occurs in the lumen of the small intestine, in a small intestine epithelial cell, or in a lacteal.
a) Lipase breaks triglycerides down into monoglycerides and fatty acids.
b) Monoglycerides and fatty acids are reassembled to form triglycerides.
c) Chylomicrons are transported in this structure to veins.
d) This structure contains lymph.
e) Chylomicrons leave this structure by exocytosis.
f) Triglycerides are coated with phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins to form chylomicrons.
Answer:
The correct answer is -
Lumen: a
Epithelial cell: b, e, f
Lacteal: c, d
Explanation:
The given statements are the events that occur in the particular location among the lumen of the small intestine, small intestine epithelial cell, or in a lacteal. the correct events and locations are grouped together:
in the lumen of the small intestine
a. The breakdown of TGA into monoglycerides and fatty acids takes place with the help of lipase.
In a small intestine epithelial cell:
b. Monoglycerides and fatty acids are form triglycerides again.
e. Chylomicrons leave this structure by exocytosis
f. TGAs are coated with proteins, cholesterol and phospholipids, to make chylomicrons.
in a lacteal:
c. Chylomicrons are transported here
d. Lymph is present here.
A student had medical testing and discovered that her white blood cell count is lower
than normal. Which of her systems are most likely functioning improperly?
A. nervous and immune
O B. circulatory and urinary
O C. circulatory and immune
O D. nervous and respiratory
Answer: b
Explanation: Viral infections that momentarily impair the function of bone marrow are the most common cause of a reduced white blood cell count. Certain defects with impaired bone marrow activity that are present at birth (congenital). Diseases of the bone marrow, such as cancer.
In order for a compound to be considered organic, what 2 elements must the compound contain
Answer:
Organic compounds contain carbon and hydrogen (which may be replaced by other atoms).
Provide an explanation for why the indigo dye did not adhere to the different fibers in your test fabric. You will need to do a little bit of outside research on what chemicals make up some of the fibers. You may also need to do some research on intermolecular forces and why some interactions are stronger than others. Please make your explanation at least 500 words in two or more paragraphs. At least one in-text citation is required along with a list of your source(s) in your preferred citation style (MLA, APA, ACS, Chicago Style, etc.).
Answer:
Due to lack of bonds.
Explanation:
The indigo dye did not adhere to the different fibers because the indigo dye did not make bonds with the fiber, it only attached to it physically for temporary period of time. The reduced state is also necessary for indigo because indigo cannot dissolve in water, but when it is reduced it can soluble and able to get inside a fiber to make physical bond with the fiber. Some interactions are stronger than others because of the presence of strong bond between the two different materials so strong bonding makes the materials to attach with each other for a long period of time or permanently.
We have come to know that the primary component of the plasma membrane is the phospholipid. What makes these molecules so unique and the perfect building block for a bilayer is ...
Group of answer choices
a phospholipid has both polar and nonpolar regions
a phospholipid is able to firmly attach to the neighboring phospholipid
all choices are correct
a phospholipid is both positively and negatively charged
PLSS HELP
Look at the picture and answer the question(s) that follow.
Which of these strata are MOST likely the oldest?
-J and E
-K
-A and F
-D and E