Draw a flowchart to illustrate how a change in a nucleotide in a DNA strand leads to symptoms experienced by those with sickle cell anemia.

Answer:

Explanation:

The Flowchart is in the picture below. I hope it would be helpful for you.

A nucleotide is a compound containing three component units namely a pentose sugar, a heterocyclic nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. The nitrogenous base present may be either purines or pyrimidine.

The sickle cell anemia is one of a group of inherited disorders known as the sickle cell disease. It affects the shape of the red blood cells which carry oxygen to all parts of the body. In sickle cell anemia some red blood cells are sickle shaped.

Red blood cells are usually round and flexible, so that they move easily through blood vessels. The sickle shaped red blood cells are also called crescent moons. These sickle cells also become rigid and sticky which slow or block the blood flow.

SCD causes a basal substitution of adenine A to thymine T in the sixth codon of beta globin. This leads to the replacement of glutamic acid with valine in polypeptide chains of haemoglobin.

The flowchart is given below:

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