Answer:
Kindly check explanation
Explanation:
Our environment consists of various materials, structures and resources which are so naturally interrelated, the survival of a certain species depends on the wellbeing of the other. This could be buttressed from the definition of environment which simply means the entirety of factors, naturally occurring phenomenon around us. The pollution of the air affects the oxygen we breathe in due to contamination ad thus affects the health of those who Live within the affected area. Change in climatic condition, vegetation and other phenomenon will always affect the environment since the environment itself isn't just humans being but the entirety of conditions both natural occurring and others which keeps the live and the world in existence.
An elevator cab and its load have a combined mass of 1600 kg. Find the tension in the supporting cable when the cab, originally moving downward at 12 m/s, is brought to rest with constant acceleration in a distance of 42 m.
The tension in the supporting cable when the cab originally moves downward is 18422.4 N
What is tension?
Tension is described as the pulling force by the means of a three-dimensional object.
Tension might also be described as the action-reaction pair of forces acting at each end of said elements.
Here,
m =combined mass = 1600 kg
s = Displacement of the elevator = 42 m
g = Acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s²
u = Initial velocity = 12 m/s
v = Final velocity = 0
According to the equation of motion:
[tex]v^{2} - u^{2} = 2as[/tex]
0 - 12^2 = 2*a*42
a = - 144 / 84
a = - 1.714 m/s^2
Now let's write the equation of the forces acting on the elevator. Taking upward as positive direction:
T-mg = ma
T = m(g-a)
T = 1600 ( 9.8-(-1.74))
T=18422.4 N
Hence,
The tension in the supporting cable when the cab, originally moving downward is 18422.4 N
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Earth orbits the sun at an average circular radius of about 149.60 million kilometers every 365.26 Earth days.
a) Determine the Earth’s average orbital speed expressed in kilometers per hours.
b) Based on the information given in this question, calculate the approximate mass of the Sun.
The Earth’s average orbital speed is 107226 Km/hr and the mass of the sun is 2.6 x [tex]10^{24}[/tex] Kg
What is angular speed ?
Angular speed is the rate of change of the angle turned through by the body with time taken. That is W = Ф / T
And the relationship between linear speed and angular speed is V = wr
Where
V = Linear speedW = Angular speedr = RadiusGiven that the earth orbits the sun at an average circular radius of about 149.60 million kilometers every 365.26 Earth days.
a) To determine the Earth’s average orbital speed, we will make use of the below formula to calculate angular speed
W = 2[tex]\pi[/tex]/T
W = (2 x 3.143) / (365.26 x 24)
W = 6.283 / 876624
W = 7.2 x [tex]10^{-4}[/tex] Rad/hr
The Earth’s average orbital speed V = Wr
V = 7.2 x [tex]10^{-4}[/tex] x 149.6 x [tex]10^{6}[/tex]
V = 107225.5 Km/hr
b) Based on the information given in this question, to calculate the approximate mass of the Sun, we will use Kepler's 3rd law
M = (4[tex]\pi ^{2}[/tex][tex]r^{3}[/tex]) / G[tex]T^{2}[/tex]
M = (4 x 9.8696 x 3.35 x [tex]10^{24}[/tex] ) / (6.67 x [tex]10^{-11}[/tex] x 7.68 x [tex]10^{11}[/tex])
M = 1.32 x [tex]10^{26}[/tex] / 51.226
M = 2.58 x [tex]10^{24}[/tex] Kg
Therefore, the Earth’s average orbital speed is 107226Km/hr approximately and the mass of the sun is 2.6 x [tex]10^{24}[/tex] Kg
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A uniform ladder 5.0 m long rests against a frictionless, vertical wall with its lower end 3.0 m from the wall. The ladder weighs 160 N. The coefficient of static friction between the foot of the ladder and the ground is 0.40. A man weighing 740 N climbs slowly up the ladder.
The only vertical forces acting on the wall are the weights of the man and the ladder as well as the normal force because the wall has no friction.
The maximal frictional forces are μsN2=(0.40)(900N)=360N, and N1=w1+wm=160N+740N=900N for the vertical forces to balance. At a height of 4.0 meters above the ground, the ladder makes contact with the wall. about the point of contact with the ground, balancing torques.
N2 = 174.0N because (4.0m)2 = (1.5m)(160N) + (1.0m)(35)(740N) =684N.m. It is necessary for the frictional force to counteract this horizontal force. Setting the frictional fore and n1 to a maximum of 360N and solving for the distance x along the ladder (0.4m)(360N)=(1.50m)(160N)+x(35)(740N) yields x=2.70m
Friction
When two sliding solid surfaces, fluid layers, or material components come into contact with one another, friction acts as a force to stop them from moving in the same direction. Friction comes in several forms:
The relative lateral motion of two solid surfaces in contact is opposed by dry friction. Between moving surfaces, there is kinetic friction, which is different from static friction. With the exception of atomic or molecule friction, asperities on the surface interact to produce dry friction.
When layers of a viscous fluid move in relation to one another, there is friction between them. This is known as fluid friction.
When a lubricant fluid separates two solid surfaces, it is called lubricated friction.
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A colleague proposes using giant vacuum-like strainers to strain all the water in the great pacific garbage patch. do you think this would be an effective way to remove plastic?
No, the use of a giant vacuum-like strainers is not an effective way to remove plastic because the patch tend to be very big and deep that it would need a lot of human effort or strength to filter the trash and the act would lead to disrupt of life in the water column.
What is plastic?Plastic is known to be a term that connote the material that is made up of a key ingredient of an organic substance and it is made up of large molecular weight.
Note that It is also seen as polymers that belongs to long carbon chains. and there are a lot of waste disposal in the ocean which disrupt marine activities.
Hence, No, the use of a giant vacuum-like strainers is not an effective way to remove plastic because the patch tend to be very big and deep that it would need a lot of human effort or strength to filter the trash and the act would lead to disrupt of life in the water column.
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Ple can someone help me to answer this question
The length of the uniform meter stick is 50 cm and the mass of the uniform meter stick is 50 g.
A sketch of the uniform stick and the massThe sketch of the uniform stick and the mass will be two based on the given statement.
when the uniform stick balances on knife at 10 cm from one end;-------------------------------------------------------
↓ 10cm Δ (L - 10 cm) ↓
200g M
When the knife edge is moved 5 cm further|---------------15 cm-----------------|
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
↓ 8.75 cm Δ (L - 15 cm) ↓
200g M
From the first diagram, apply principle of moment;
200(10) = M(L - 10) ------- (1)
From the second diagram, apply principle of moment;
200(8.75) = M(L - 15) ------- (2)
From equation (1); M = (2000) / (L - 10)
From equation (2); M = (1750) / (L - 15)
Solve (1) and (2);
(2000) / (L - 10) = (1750) / (L - 15)
1750(L - 10) = 2000(L - 15)
L - 10 = 2000/1750(L - 15)
L - 10 = 1.143(L - 15)
L - 10 = 1.143L - 17.14
17.14 - 10 = 1.143L - L
7.14 = 0.143L
L = 7.14/0.143
L = 50 cm
Mass of the uniform stickM = (2000) / (50 - 10)
M = 50 g
Thus, the length of the uniform meter stick is 50 cm and the mass of the uniform meter stick is 50 g.
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compare and contrast the medical understanding of death (that you have read about and learned about in this chapter) and the popular, typical understanding of death. this is chapter 11 for forensics
The medical understanding of death is related to the scientific approach, and the popular understanding is related to the inclusive spiritual and cultural approaches.
What is death for science?Death occurs when an individual's cardiorespiratory and brain functions cease due to some factor, thus ending his life.
Popular understanding, on the other hand, is aligned with scientific knowledge, but it is also encompassing cultural and religious teachings, which define topics not proven by science, such as life after death for example.
Therefore, death is a delicate topic for society, and spirituality is the basis found for greater emotional comfort in individuals who suffer significant losses of loved ones.
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Provided following are four different ranges of stellar masses. Rank the stellar mass ranges based on how many stars in each range you would expect to be born in a star cluster, from highest number to lowest number.
Highest to lowest number:
-less than 1 solar mass
-between 1 and 10 solar masses
-between 10 and 30 solar masses
-between 30 and 60 solar masses
What is Stellar masses ?Stellar mass is a phrase that is used by astronomers to describe the mass of a star.
It is usually enumerated in terms of the Sun's mass as a proportion of a solar mass ( M ☉). Hence, the bright star Sirius has around 2.02 M ☉.Stellar masses are not fixed, although they change for single stars only on long periods.Learn more about Stellar masses here:
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A power supply is connected to a 59 Ohm resistor and a 53 Ohm resistor in series. The total current is found to be 0.15 A. What is the voltage drop across the 53 Ohm resistor? Round your answer to 2 decimal places.
Answer:
the answer is 47265.dug
Explanation:
im bot sure
The fact that voyager 10 continues to speed out of the solar system even though its rockets have no fuel, is an example of:_______
The fact that Voyager 10 continues to speed out of the solar system even though its rockets have no fuel, is an example of Newton's first law.
Sir Isaac Newton is a British mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologist, author, one of the greatest mathematicians and physicists of all time, and one of the most influential scientists. Widely recognized as a person. He was a key figure in the philosophical revolution known as the Enlightenment.
Isaac Newton is best known for his discoveries in optics (composition of white light) and mathematics (calculus). His best known is the formulation of the three laws of motion, which are the basic principles of modern physics.
Newton's first law states that a stationary or uniformly moving object remains straight unless its state is changed by the action of an external force.
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A car heading north collides at an intersection with a truck of the same mass as the car heading east. If they lock together and travel at 28 m/s at 46° north of east just after the collision, how fast was the car initially traveling? assume that any other unbalanced forces are negligible.
Answer: A car heading north collides at an intersection with a truck of the same mass as the car heading east. If they lock together and travel at 28 m/s at 46° north of east just after the collision, then the car initially traveling with a velocity of 40.28m/s.
Explanation: To find the answer, we need to know more about the Perfectly inelastic collision.
What is perfectly inelastic collision?Collision is an interaction between two bodies due to which the individual momenta of the colliding bodies are changed, but the total momentum remains constant.If the colliding bodies stick together after collision, then it is called perfectly inelastic collision.here, the coefficient of restitution will be equal to 0.For, inelastic collision, the momentum is conserved, but the energy is not conserved.How to solve the problem?let's write the conservation equation of momentum as,[tex]m_1v_1+0=(m_1+m_2)v_2\\[/tex]
We have to find the value of initial velocity v1,[tex]mv_1=(m+m)28 sin46\\v_1=2*28*0.719=40.28 m/s[/tex]
Thus, we can conclude that, the initial velocity of the car will be 40.28m/s.
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Critical heat flux of forced convective boiling in uniformly heated vertical tubes with special reference to very large length-to-diameter ratios
Critical heat flux of forced convective boiling in uniformly heated vertical tubes with special reference to very large length-to-diameter ratios.
The rate of heat energy moving through a surface is known as heat flux, and the heat flux density is the amount of heat flux per unit area (Wm2).
Temperature measurements are a key component of many industrial systems. Measurements of heat flux and heat transfer provide more details. A heat flow typically occurs in conjunction with a change in temperature. A clearer picture of what's happening can be obtained by measuring both quantities.
The amount of thermal energy emitted over a solid surface is known as heat flux, and its unit is W/m2. There are two methods for measuring heat flux. Either directly utilizing heat flux sensors or indirectly using temperature sensors
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The basic principle behind the simple DC motor is that wires that carry experience when placed in regions of space that have
The principle of DC motor is based on Fleming’s left hand rule. i.e., the current carrying wires experiences a force when placed in region of space that have magnetic field.
According to Fleming’s left hand rule Stretch the thumb, forefinger, and middle finger of the left hand until they are parallel to one another. If the thumb is pointing in the direction of motion, or the force acting on the conductor, and the middle finger is pointing in the direction of the magnetic field, the forefinger is pointing in the direction of current flow.
An armature revolves inside a magnetic field of a DC motor. A DC motor's fundamental operating concept is based on the idea that whenever a current-carrying conductor is positioned inside a magnetic field, that conductor will experience mechanical force.
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Read the following questions and answer them using complete sentences. Be sure to fully explain your answers.
What can be the challenges of wave power? Is it a reliable source of energy?
Wave power can be regarded as a reliable source of energy because the ocean currents are always moving.
What can be the challenges of wave power?Wave power is a device that can be used to convert the mechanical energy of the ocean waves into electrical energy based on the principle of conservation of energy.
The major challenges that face the use of wave power in electricity generation is the unreliability of the waves which leads to uncertainty in the quantity of power generated Also, the wave direction and direction of ocean currents all limit the amount of power generated by this method. However, in spite of challenges, it can be regarded as a reliable source of energy because the ocean currents are always moving.
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The coefficients of static and kinetic frictions for plastic on wood are 0.50 and 0.40,respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculatorto start it moving from rest?
The horizontal force needed to start the calculator moving from rest is 1.5 N
What is Kinetic friction?
It is defined as a force that acts between moving surfaces.
The magnitude of the force will depend on the coefficient of kinetic friction between the two materials.
Here,
weight of calculator, N = 3 N
The coefficients of static frictions, µ (static) = 0.50
The coefficients of kinetic frictions, µ (kinetic) = 0.40
Now,
The horizontal force required = The static friction force
F = µ (static) * weight of calculator
F = 0.50 * 3.0
F = 1.5 N
Hence,
The horizontal force needed to start the calculator moving from rest is 1.5 N
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a 6 amp light bulb dissipates 24j per seconds
calculat the amount of charge passing through the 6 amp light bulb per second
The charge passing through the circuit in one second is 8 C.
What is charge?Charge is property of matter that causes experience of force when kept in electric or magnetic field.
Electric charge exists as the physical property of matter that causes charged matter to experience a force when positioned in an electromagnetic field. Electric charges can be positive or negative. Like charges repulse each other and unlike charges attract each other.
Charge, also understood as electric charge, electrical charge, or electrostatic charge and symbolized by q, exists as a characteristic of a unit of matter that represents the extent to which it has more or fewer electrons than protons.
As we know
I =Q/t
where I is current and Q is charge ,t is time
so put the value in formula
8 = Q/
Q = 8 coulomb.
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what is Doppler effect
Doppler effect is the shift in frequency as the object gets near an object/person or far away from an object or person.
When the frequency of a police car is heard from far away, the frequency is low and long wave lengthsWhen the frequency of a police car is heard from near, the frequency is high and short-wave lengthsHope it helps!
A mass m is attached to an ideal massless spring. When this system is set in motion with amplitude a, it has a period t. What is the period if the amplitude of the motion is increased to 2a?.
Time period is T if increasing the amplitude to 2A
What is Time period?
The length of time during which an activity occurs or a condition remains.
The period of a spring-mass system is proportional to the square root of the mass and inversely proportional to the square root of the spring constant.
Formula of Time period, T:
[tex]T = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{M}{k} }[/tex]
Where,
k is the spring constant
mass of system = M
Amplitude = A
Time period = T
Here,
The amplitude is doubled = 2A
Since from the formula we can say that, The Time period is not dependent on amplitude.
Increasing the amplitude implies increase in the restoring force. An increase in the restoring force means the mass is now accelerated to cover more distance in the same period.
So the restoring force cancels the effect of the increase in amplitude.
Hence,
Time period is T if increasing the amplitude to 2A
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Which orbitals do not have a node at the nucleus?
Answer:
The 1st orbital has no nodes.
Explanation:
A 2s orbital has 1 node and a 1s orbital has no nodes, therefore it is higher in energy than a1s orbital. Also, a 2s orbital is higher in energy because the radius is larger than for a 1s orbital and, therefore, the probability of finding an electron farther from the nucleus is greater in a 2s orbital.
The number of nodes is equal to (n-1) therefore, 1s-orbitals do not have any node at the nucleus.
What is a node?A node is a point where the probability of finding an electron is zero. For a given orbital, the two kinds of nodes are radial nodes and angular nodes.
A radial node is a spherical plane where the probability of finding an electron in an orbital is zero. The number of radial nodes increases with the principal quantum number (n) as it is given by (n- l - 1) and is also known as a nodal region.
An angular node is a plane that passes through the nucleus. The angular node is given by the azimuthal quantum number 'l' and is also known as a nodal plane.
The total number of nodes in orbitals is equal to n - 1. Therefore, the nodes in 1s -orbital (1-1) = 0.
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the work done by the brakes during braking is equal to
Answer:
The amount of pressure delivered to them
Explanation:
A current of 2.0 A flows through a circuit containing a motor with a resistance of 12 ohm how much energy is converted if the motor runs for a minute
The energy converted is 48 Joules
How to determine the energyWe have the formula for energy in a circuit as
Energy = Power × time
Power = I^2 R
Current, I = 2.0 A
time = 1 minute
Resistance = 12 Ohm
Substitute into the formula
Power = 2 × 2 × 12
Power = 48 Watts
Energy = 48 × 1
Energy = 48 Joules
Thus, the energy converted is 48 Joules
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What should a driver do when he/she gets to a speed hump? a maintain current speed. b accelerate. c brake. d reduce speed to suggested limit.
It is usually best to reduce speed to suggested limit when a driver gets to a speed hump and is denoted as option D.
What is Deceleration?This refers to a situation in which the speed or acceleration of a body is reduced while in the other hand, acceleration refers to the condition in which a body increases its speed or acceleration.
Speed humps are structures which are placed in the road in other to slow vehicles to between 10 to 15 mph. They ensure over speeding is checked due to it being dangerous to other users.
Applying brake or maintaining current speed may lead to the vehicle being tilted towards the front end which may result in collision and other forms of accident.
This therefore the reason why reducing speed to suggested limit is the most appropriate choice.
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What type of repetitions are completed with an intentionally reduced range of motion? Partial repetitions Full repetitions Loaded repetitions Bodyweight repetitions
The type of repetitions that are completed with an intentionally reduced range of motion is called Partial repetitions. That is option A.
What are repetitions in exercise?Repetitions in exercise is defined as a complete exercise movement done during a workout procedure.
The different types of repetitions include the following:
Partial repetitionsFull repetitions Loaded repetitions; andBodyweight repetitions.Partial repetitions are those types of repetitions that are carried out while removing some part of the range of motion in the exercise.
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NEED HELP asap pls
How much thermal energy must be removed from 3.75 kg of
water to freeze it at its melting point? Use Q = mass x latent
heat of fusion.
Melting point
Boiling point
OA. 15.8 kJ
B. 1250 kJ
Cliquid
Latent heat of fusion.
Latent heat of vaporization
C. 3.75 kJ
Properties of water
Property
D. 8480 kJ
0°C
Value
100°C
4.18 kJ/(kg x °C)
333 kJ/kg
2260 kJ/kg
The heat that is required to freeze the water is 1250 kJ. Option B
What is the freezing point?The freezing point of water is the temperature at which liquid water turns to solid. We know that heat is withdrawn from water when it is frozen. This heat is added when the water melts.
The latent heat of fusion = mL
m = 3.75 kg
L = 333kJ/Kg
Hence;
H = 3.75 kg * 333kJ/Kg
H = 1250 kJ
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A formula for the normal systolic blood pressure for a man age a , measured in mmhg, is given as p=0. 006a2−0. 02a 120. Find the age of a man whose normal blood pressure measures 123 mmhg
The age of a man whose normal blood pressure measures 123 mm of hg
9 years
What is Quadratic equation ?A quadratic equation as an equation of degree 2, meaning that the highest exponent of this function is 2. The standard form of a quadratic equation is y = a[tex]x^{2}[/tex] + bx + c, where a, b, and c are numbers and a cannot be 0
P(A) = 0.006 [tex]a^{2}[/tex] - 0.02a + 120
123 = 0.006- 0.02a + 120
0=0.006 [tex]a^{2}[/tex] - 0.02a - 3
you can use the quadratic equation formula to solve for the man's age.
A = (-b ± ([tex]\sqrt{b^{2} - 4*a*c}[/tex]) ) / (2a)
A = (0.02 ± [tex]\sqrt{(-0.02)^{2} - 4*0.006*(-3)}[/tex]/ (2*0.006)
A = (0.02 ± [tex]\sqrt{0.0076}[/tex]) / 0.012
A = 9 , -5.67
Age of the man will be 9 years
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A 78 N block is supported by a spring whose constant is 12 N/m. Calculate the elongation of the spring under this load.
Group of answer choices
a. 7.2 m
b. 6.5 m
c. 8.2 m
d 1.5 m
The elongation of the spring under this load is 6.5 m (Option B)
Data obtained from the questionForce (F) = 78 NSpring constant (K) = 12 N/mElongation (e) = ?How to determine the elongation of the springThe elongation of the spring can be obtained as illustrated below:
F = Ke
Divide both sides by K
e = F / K
e = 78 / 12
e = 6.5 m
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On your way to work about two hours after sunrise, you notice the moon setting. What phase is it in?
The moon setting on your way to work about two hours after sunrise means it is in the gibbous phase.
What is Gibbous phase?
This phase of the moon involves its side facing the Earth appearing more than half-lit by the Sun, but is less than fully lit.
This phase occurs few hours after sunrise usually in the early morning which is why it is the most appropriate choice.
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The 0.20 kg puck on the frictionless, horizontal table in the figure is connected by a string through a hole in the table to a hanging 1.20 kg block.(Figure 1)
The speed with which the puck must rotate in the circular path is 5.42 m/s.
Speed of the puck in circular pathThe speed of the puck is calculated as follows;
centripetal force = weight of hanging mass
mv²/r = W
where;
W is weight of the hanging massm is mass of the puckr is radius of the circular pathv² = Wr/m
v² = (1.2 x 9.8 x 0.5) / (0.2)
v² = 29.4
v = √29.4
v = 5.42 m/s
Thus, the speed with which the puck must rotate in the circular path is 5.42 m/s.
The complete question is below:
With what speed must the puck rotate in a circle of radius 0.50 m if the block is to remain hanging at rest?
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A conducting loop in the form of a circle is placed perpendicular to a magnetic field of 0. 50 t. If the area of the loop decreases at a rate of 3. 0 × 10-3 m2/s, what is the induced emf in the loop?
The induced emf in the loop is -1500 μ V or - 0.0015 V .
According to the question
A conducting loop in the form of a circle is placed perpendicular to a magnetic field of 0. 50 t.
i.e
Magnetic field (B) = 0. 50 T
Area of circle or loop = [tex]\pi r^{2}[/tex]
Now,
The area of the loop decreases at a rate of 3. 0 × 10⁻³ m/s
i.e
dA = 3. 0 × 10⁻³ meter²
dt = 1 sec
As per the formula of Induced e.m.f in the loop
emf is dependent on number of turns of coil, shape of the coil, strength of magnet and speed with which magnet is moved. Emf is independent of resistivity of wire of the coil.
[tex]e=-B*\frac{dA}{dt}[/tex]
where A is the area of the loop.
Now ,
Substituting the values in the formula
[tex]e=-B*\frac{dA}{dt}[/tex]
[tex]e= - 0.50 *\frac{ 3 * 10^{-3}}{1}[/tex]
e = - 0.0015 V
OR
e = -1500 * 10⁻⁶ V
e = -1500 μ V
Negative just signifies emf will such be induced that current induced will oppose change in magnetic field though it
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The specification limits are 49 /- 3. Assume that the data is normally distributed! estimate process capability ratio’s (cp, cpk, pp, ppk). Is the process capable?
Estimate technique capability ratio (cp, cpk, pp, PPK) is Cp = 1.33 or greater. & Cpk price ≥ 1.33.
Cp, Cpk, Pp, and Ppk are all parameters (indices) that can help us to apprehend how our technique is working relative to the specs, or in different words, they degree how near our system is jogging to its specification limits. For necessities, we measure the process specs.
The Cp index is a fundamental indication of process capability. The Cp value is calculated using the specification limits and the same old deviation of the method. most agencies require that the method Cp = 1.33 or greater. Cp and Cpk, generally called technique functionality indices, are used to outline the ability of a technique to produce a product that meets necessities.
For stable tactics and normally distributed statistics, a Cpk price ≥ 1.33 should be executed. • For chronically unstable methods with output assembly specification and a predictable sample, a Ppk fee ≥ 1. sixty-seven have to be completed.”
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At a certain time a particle had a speed of 80 m/s in the positive x direction, and 9.8 s later its speed was 20 m/s in the opposite direction. What was the average acceleration of the particle during this 9.8 s interval
The average acceleration of the particle in the time interval of 9.8 s is 10.204 m/s² opposite to the direction of motion.
Given:
Speed of particle, v₁ = 80 m/s (in positive x-direction)
Speed of particle, v₂ = -20 m/s (in opposite direction)
Time interval, Δt = 9.8 s
Calculation:
We know that, the average acceleration is given as:
a_avg = (v₂ - v₁)/ Δt - ( 1 )
Applying values in above equation we get:
a_avg = (v₂ - v₁)/ Δt
= (-20 m/s - 80 m/s) / (9.8 s)
= -10.204 m/s²
Therefore the average acceleration of the particle in the time interval Δt is 10.204 m/s² opposite to the direction of motion.
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