If Dr. Robinson rejects the null hypothesis after observing a test statistic which exceeds the critical value at the .05 level, there is a 5 chance that the null hypothesis is actually true.
What is null hypothesis?
The null hypothesis is a type of hypothesis that suggests that no statistical significance exists between the variables. In other words, the null hypothesis implies that the variables are independent of one another.Dr. Robinson, on the other hand, is accepting the null hypothesis.
Rejecting the null hypothesis is equivalent to rejecting the claim that the independent and dependent variables are not related to one another. In a normal distribution, the critical value is the point that divides the distribution into two parts.
It is similar to the Z-score since it separates the upper and lower tails of the distribution at a certain significance level. The critical value is commonly used in the fields of medicine, engineering, and economics to compare two sample groups with different sample sizes.
It is used to determine whether a result is statistically significant or whether it happened by chance.
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when andre was 5 months old, he looked at a toy train, but when his view of the train was blocked, he did not search for it. now that he is 9 months old, he does look for it, reflecting the presence of
When Andre was 5 months old, he looked at a toy train, but when his view of the train was blocked, he did not search for it. Now that he is 9 months old, he does look for it, reflecting the presence of object permanence.
Object permanence refers to a baby's understanding that an object still exists even though it is not in view. When an object is hidden or obstructed from view, the baby knows it still exists.
Object permanence is a cognitive accomplishment that is essential for a child's development. The development of object permanence is a major milestone that takes place around the age of 8-9 months.
Object permanence's development is a significant milestone that demonstrates cognitive growth. The fact that Andre can look for the train reflects his developing cognitive abilities, specifically his understanding of object permanence. In the early stages of development, an infant may become confused when an object is hidden from view, as they cannot comprehend that it still exists. As an infant develops, their understanding of object permanence increases.
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Answering question like Authority, Bias, Relevance, and Audience is an important part of ____ websites to make sure they are appropriate to use for research purposes
Answering questions like Authority, Bias, Relevance, and Audience is an important part of evaluating websites to ensure they are appropriate for research purposes.
This process is known as website evaluation and is crucial for students, researchers, and anyone who wants to use reliable and credible sources in their work.
By evaluating a website's authority, we can determine whether the author or publisher has the necessary qualifications, expertise, or experience to provide accurate and trustworthy information. Evaluating bias helps us identify any potential biases or hidden agendas that may influence the information presented. Relevance evaluation involves determining whether the website provides relevant and up-to-date information on the topic we are researching. Finally, considering the audience helps us understand who the website is intended for, and whether it is suitable for our research purposes.
Overall, evaluating websites using these criteria helps us determine whether a source is appropriate and reliable for use in research, and allows us to make informed decisions about the quality of the information presented. It is a crucial skill for any researcher, and can help us avoid inaccurate or misleading information that can undermine the credibility of our work.
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Three ways in which Grade 12 learners could consider finding job opportunities
Grade 12 learners should be proactive and persistent in their job search. They should tailor their applications to each job they apply for and follow up with potential employers after submitting their applications.
By using a combination of these methods, learners can increase their chances of finding a job that matches their skills and interests.
1. Networking: Networking involves making connections with people in one's industry or field of interest. Learners can attend career fairs, job expos, or industry events to meet professionals and learn about potential job opportunities.
2. Job search websites: There are many websites that list job openings in various industries and sectors. Learners can search for jobs that match their skills and interests, and then submit their applications online.
3. Direct applications: Some companies may not advertise their job openings online or in the media. Learners can take the initiative to research companies they are interested in working for, and then submit their applications directly to the company's human resources department.
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the process for selecting a political party’s nominee for a wide variety of office is outlined in the united states constitution and calls for primary elections or caucuses at the state level.
Primary elections or caucuses at the state level are used to select a political party's nominee for a wide variety of office.
The process begins when a political party's central committee decides to hold primary elections or caucuses in their respective states. The state party then sets up rules and regulations for their primary election or caucus, including who is eligible to vote, how delegates are chosen and how delegates will cast their votes for the party's nominee.
In most states, voters can participate in either a primary election or a caucus, depending on their state's rules. Primary elections are generally held on a set date and allow voters to cast their ballots in private, while caucuses are held in public forums and require voters to publicly declare their support for a candidate.
Once the primary elections or caucuses are completed, the votes of the delegates are tallied and the candidate with the most votes wins the party's nomination for the office.
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all colleges in north and south carolina have a comprehensive articulation agreement with cpcc. truefalse
The statement, "All colleges in north and south Carolina have a comprehensive articulation agreement with CPCC." is false because a contract called an comprehensive articulation agreement, which is primarily between community schools and in-state public universities, controls the transfer of college credits.
They frequently only apply to schools located in a particular state, but they may also apply to institutions in other states. According to the terms of these agreements, the majority of associate's degree-related courses will be accepted as transfer credits toward a bachelor's degree.
The terms of the articulation agreement are typically only applicable to students who have successfully completed a program of study leading to an associate's degree. State governments create comprehensive articulation agreements, or CAAs. As of 2018, 30 states have laws governing the automatic transfer of an associate's degree, according to the Education Council of the States. North Carolina, Colorado, and Mississippi are a few of these states.
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The Constitution represents a compromise between those founders who wanted to expand democracy and those who wanted to ensure the federal government had enough authority to keep control of the population. Determine which of the following aspects of the new Constitutional federal government expanded democracy or authority, respectively.the expansion of democracy:-Members of the House of Representatives were to be decided by popular vote.-The Constitution left it to individual states to determine their own rules for who could vote, but imposed neither property nor religious qualifications.the expansion of authority:-Under the new Constitution, the president was charged with enforcing the law and commanding the military.-Supreme Court judges were to be appointed by the president, and the president was to be decided by a committee of electors known as the electoral college.
The Constitution's expansion of democracy was shown by the popular vote for House members and no voting qualifications. Expansion of authority was shown by the president's law enforcement and military command, and appointment of Supreme Court judges.
The Constitution represents a compromise between the founders who wanted to expand democracy and those who wanted to ensure federal government authority. The expansion of democracy is exemplified by the popular vote to elect members of the House of Representatives, and the absence of property or religious qualifications for voting.
On the other hand, the expansion of authority is represented by the president's responsibility to enforce the law and command the military. Also, the appointment of Supreme Court judges by the president and the decision of the president by a committee of electors known as the electoral college reinforce the federal government's authority.
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tameka was asked why she chose brad as a mate. she answered that she thought that he was intelligent, handsome, and funny. this focus on the individual or small-scale factors of mate selection reflects a approach.
Tameka was questioned about why she selected Brad as a partner. She responded that she thought he was intelligent, attractive, and funny. This emphasis on individual or small-scale mate selection variables represents a micro-approach.
The micro approach in mate selection refers to the study of how individuals select romantic partners and form intimate relationships. It focuses on the individual-level factors that influence mate selection, including personal preferences, values, and beliefs, as well as social and cultural norms.
The micro approach to mate selection involves analyzing individual behaviors and attitudes that contribute to the formation of romantic relationships. For example, researchers may study the factors that individuals consider when selecting a partner, such as physical attractiveness, personality traits, or shared interests and values. They may also examine the role of cultural and societal expectations in shaping mate selection, such as the idea that individuals should marry within their social class or cultural group.
The micro approach to mate selection also emphasizes the importance of communication and interpersonal dynamics in the formation of intimate relationships. Researchers may study how individuals communicate their interest in a potential partner, and how they negotiate the terms of their relationship over time. They may also examine the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction and longevity, such as shared values and effective communication skills.
Overall, the micro approach to mate selection helps us to understand the complex interplay between individual preferences and societal norms in shaping the formation and maintenance of intimate relationships. It highlights the importance of individual agency and interpersonal dynamics in the context of larger social and cultural systems.
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what do research studies show about the role of gender identity among white children compared to minority (black and hispanic) children in the u.s.?
Research studies indicate that gender identity plays a critical role in the psychological well-being of minority children in comparison to white children in the United States.
In the United States, minority (Black and Hispanic) children are found to be more vulnerable to discrimination, bias, and prejudice compared to white children due to their minority status.
The psychological health and well-being of these minority children are therefore impacted by these prejudicial experiences. Thus, gender identity plays a more significant role in minority children compared to white children in the United States.
Gender identity has been linked to disparities in mental health among minority children in the United States. Minority children with gender identity issues are more vulnerable to sui/cide attempts and ideation compared to white children with the same challenges.
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a participant in the video guessed which presidential name three times?
A participant in the video guessed the presidential name three times of 'A Bush.'
From 2001 through 2009, government minister George Walker Bush served as the 43rd president of the nation. Previously, from 1995 to 2000, he served as Texas' 46th governor. He is a Republican, a member of the Bush dynasty, and the son of George H. W. Bush, the 41st president.
As president, Bush was successful in passing legislation that improved academic standards for schools, increased education funding, and reformed the criminal justice system. Also, he helped Texas overtake other states as the top producer of wind-generated electricity in the country.
He served as the Republican president Ronald Reagan's 43rd vice president from 1981 to 1989 and earlier served as the director of central intelligence, the ambassador of the United States to the UN, a member of the House of Representatives, and the director of the CIA.
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the initial meeting of a team is characterized by its members taking what action?(a) performance judged by relevant others external to the team(b) meeting of team-member needs(c) viability
The initial meeting of the team is characterized by its members taking actions such as viability, or the willingness of members to remain in the team, into consideration. Therefore, the option C holds true.
The initial meeting of a team is dependent on viability, and thus, it requires certain specific courses of action to be undertaken by the team members. The actions performed by the team members depict their willingness or their viability to remain as a forming part of the team. Thus, it may be stated that team members are indispensable parts of the team.
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Complete question
The initial meeting of a team is characterized by its members taking what action?
(a) performance judged by relevant others external to the team
(b) meeting of team-member needs
(c) viability, or the willingness of members to remain in the team
what were the former satellite countries of eastern europe called?
if accounts payable is debited and cash is credited, then the company is recording a ______.
The business records a payment or a decrease in the balance of accounts payable when cash is credited and accounts payable is debited. It's been a while since I've done this but I've been meaning to
Accounts payable (AP) is a liability account in a business' general ledger that shows the money the business owes its suppliers and vendors for products or services it has received but hasn't yet paid for. This account is often opened after the business gets an invoice from a vendor and represents the short-term financial obligations of the business. In order to keep track of and manage its outstanding debts to suppliers, foster positive working relationships with vendors, and make sure it has enough cash on hand to satisfy its payment responsibilities, accounts payable is a crucial component of a company's financial management. Effective account payable management is essential to preserving a positive cash flow and averting financial troubles.Accounts payable
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how many jobs are available in property-casualty insurers
theres no single answer to this fyi
motivational research is based on the trait theory of personality. true or false?
Yes, the above statement is true. Motivational research is based on the trait theory of personality.
The characteristic theory of personality is the foundation of motivational research. Because the costs associated with conducting interviews and processing the resulting data are generally low, motivational research is typically less expensive than conducting a large-scale, quantitative survey.
A marketing study of this kind, known as motivational research, looks for reasons behind consumer behavior. A motivational study aims to identify and understand the self-perception gaps that exist among consumers.
Finding and comprehending the parts of the customer that they do not fully understand is the goal of motivational research. It is predicated on the idea that there are unconscious or covert incentives affecting consumer behavior.
The study of how physiological, psychological, and environmental factors affect motivation is known as motivation psychology. Specifically, what factors from the body and brain affect motivation, what mental processes affect motivation, and how people are motivated by tangible rewards, goals, and their mental representations.
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Who are required to hear the speaker, may be less positively disposed to the occasion?
Captive audience is required to hear the speaker, may be less positively disposed to the occasion.
What is Captive audience?When a company delivers lectures that discourage staff from joining a union or are otherwise anti-union, it is referred to as having a captive audience.
These speeches are only permitted if they are not forceful and are delivered to workers when they are on business time and property.
Movie theatres will be the finest and most prevalent example of today. A well-known instance of captive audience advertising is playing commercials before a film.
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according to the situational leadership model, a leader who listens, communicates, recognizes, and encourages is demonstrating directive behavior. true or false?
According to the situational leadership model, a leader who listens, communicates, recognizes, and encourages is demonstrating directive behavior is false. What is the situational leadership model?
The situational leadership model is a management theory that aims to improve the performance of teams by adapting leadership styles based on the individual and group's current level of competence and commitment. The leader's leadership style should evolve along with the situation, which should determine their approach. The situational leadership model is made up of four leadership styles: Directing, Coaching, Supporting, and Delegating. The directive behavior of situational leadership According to the situational leadership model, directive behavior is a high task, low relationship approach. When employees are new to a job, it is essential to be directive, but as they become more confident, a more supportive and delegating approach may be appropriate. Directive behavior is similar to the traditional management model, with the leader directing what tasks need to be done and how they should be completed.
The leader's communication style is more telling than listening or open to feedback, and they typically offer specific instructions on how to carry out tasks. The leadership style should adapt to the situation, as mentioned before. Directive behavior is more appropriate when the employees or the team's competence is low or if they have a lack of confidence. It may also be necessary if the project or task is critical, urgent, or requires a specific approach. On the other hand, in more stable or familiar situations, where team members are more experienced, supporting or delegating behavior may be more appropriate.
In conclusion, according to the situational leadership model, a leader who listens, communicates, recognizes, and encourages is not demonstrating directive behavior. Instead, they would be using a more supportive or delegating approach.
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you are very angry with your stepmother and wished that she were dead. tonight you have a dream that you pushed her off a cliff. according to freud, what would be the manifest content of the dream?
According to Freud, the manifest content of a dream is the surface level of the dream, which is the events, images, and thoughts that a person is aware of when they awaken. Therefore, the manifest content of the dream in which you pushed your stepmother off a cliff is that you did that to her.
Besides, Freud believes that every dream has a latent content that is hidden underneath the manifest content. The latent content is the underlying meaning of the dream that the dreamer is not aware of. This latent content of the dream can be analyzed by a skilled psychoanalyst to help the individual understand their unconscious desires or conflicts.
In summary, the manifest content of the dream that you pushed your stepmother off a cliff is that you did that to her. But the latent content may be that you have unresolved anger towards your stepmother, and your mind is trying to cope with those feelings by presenting them to you in the form of a dream.
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quantitative analysis is different from qualitative analysis in that quantitative analysis multiple choice mainly deals with textual data. employs member checking. tends to be ongoing and iterative. is largely inductive. is guided entirely by the researchers.
Quantitative analysis is different from qualitative analysis in that quantitative analysis multiple choice mainly deals with numerical data.
What is quantitative analysis?
Quantitative analysis is a method of research in which an investigator uses quantitative data to assess or quantify the magnitude of something. It involves the use of mathematical and statistical methods to collect, transform, analyze, and interpret data.
This type of analysis mainly deals with numerical data. Quantitative analysis methods have the following characteristics: it is guided entirely by the researchers; it tends to be ongoing and iterative; it is largely inductive; and it is mainly used to deal with numerical data.
What is qualitative analysis?
Qualitative research is a research method in which an investigator collects, analyzes, and interprets data that are not easily quantifiable. This type of research mainly deals with textual data. Qualitative research methods have the following characteristics: it is not guided entirely by the researcher; it is mainly used to deal with textual data; it is not ongoing and iterative; it is largely deductive; and it employs member checking.
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blank looks at how an organization does its work: activities pursued to accomplish specific objectives for specific customers. group of answer choices market analysis job structure job analysis work flow analysis
Workflow analysis looks at how an organization does its work: activities pursued to accomplish specific objectives for specific customers.
Workflow analysis is the procedure of studying, mapping, and streamlining the flow of work in an organization to optimize its effectiveness and productivity. The primary goal of workflow analysis is to recognize inefficient processes or workflow bottlenecks and to recommend changes to enhance efficiency and streamline processes.
Workflow analysis is commonly used in organizations to achieve a better understanding of how work is done and how it can be done more effectively and efficiently. This technique is frequently used in conjunction with business process reengineering (BPR) and other process optimization methodologies.
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the perception that one has a good deal of control over the events that affect one's life is known as .
The perception that one has a good deal of control over the events that affect one's life is known as Locus of Control.
Locus of control (LOC) is the degree to which people perceive the outcomes of their lives to be contingent on their actions and decisions (internal locus of control) versus external variables such as luck, fate, or powerful others (external locus of control). Individuals who believe they have control over their lives, or internal control, have an internal locus of control.
People with an external locus of control believe that the outcomes of their lives are determined by factors beyond their control, such as other people or external events. According to researchers, people with an internal locus of control, who believe they are in charge of their lives, are less likely to experience anxiety and depression than those with an external locus of control. Additionally, people who feel a greater sense of control are more likely to develop strong coping mechanisms when confronted with unpleasant situations.
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what distinguishes slavery from other systems of stratification?
Slavery is a kind of social stratification in which people are treated as other people's property, stripped of their freedom, and required to labour for free.
Slavery is a form of social stratification in which people are viewed as expendable commodities that may be purchased, sold, or passed down via inheritance. Slaves are deprived of their freedom, denied fundamental human rights, and made to perform unpaid labour for their owners. They experience physical abuse, violent torture, and sexual exploitation frequently. Slavery has been utilised throughout history to exploit vulnerable groups, such as prisoners of war, abducted persons, and those born into servitude. It is unanimously denounced as a heinous human rights violation. Despite the fact that slavery has been declared illegal in many countries throughout the world, it still exists in a number of forms, including forced labour, debt servitude, and human trafficking.
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_______is defined as the degree to which a person sees him- or herself as a "moral person."A. Moral judgmentB. Moral identityC. Trust propensityD. Moral awarenessE. Moral intensity
Moral identity is defined as the degree to which a person sees him- or herself as a "moral person.
What is Self-concept?
A self-concept is the totality of an individual's beliefs about his or her own personality, social roles, and other characteristics, including his or her values and goals. Aspects of the self-concept include self-esteem, self-efficacy, and self-image. Moral identity is an essential component of a person's self-concept because it is based on his or her moral values and shapes how he or she views himself or herself in a moral context. Thus, moral identity is one of the most critical aspects of a person's self-concept.
Moral identity is defined as the degree to which a person sees him- or herself as a "moral person." It is part of the self-concept that a person develops, that is rooted in his or her moral values, and that forms a central component of that individual's personality. It is, in other words, an individual's sense of self-based on his or her moral character.
Therefore, the correct answer is B
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Scientists hypothesize that prokaryotes evolved before eukaryotes becausethe oldest fossilized cells resemble prokaryotes. (true or false)
True that Scientists hypothesize that prokaryotes evolved before eukaryotes because the oldest fossilized cells resemble prokaryotes.
Scientists generally agree that prokaryotes (which include bacteria and archaea) evolved before eukaryotes, based on a variety of evidence, including the fact that the oldest fossilized cells discovered so far resemble prokaryotes. These simple, single-celled organisms are thought to have been the first forms of life on Earth, evolving over 3.5 billion years ago. Eukaryotic cells, which are more complex and contain specialized structures such as nuclei and mitochondria, are believed to have evolved from prokaryotic ancestors through a process known as endosymbiosis. The oldest known eukaryotic fossils are about 1.8 billion years old, which is much younger than the oldest known prokaryotic fossils.
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incoming information from the environment is initially processed in
Incoming information from the environment is initially processed in the sensory organs, such as the eyes, ears, nose, skin, and tongue, depending on the type of information.
These sensory organs detect and respond to different types of stimuli, such as light, sound, smell, touch, and taste, and convert them into neural signals that are sent to the brain for further processing. The neural signals travel along sensory pathways that are specific to each sensory modality and are transmitted to specialized regions of the brain, where they are integrated and interpreted to form a perception of the external world. This process is known as sensory processing and is a crucial first step in perception and cognition.
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why do you think stone and blackwell came up with this state-by-state strategy?
Stone and Blackwell came up with this state-by-state strategy because they believed that pressurizing state government can be the most effective route to achieve desired goals.
Under the energetic leadership of Carrie Chapman Catt, NAWSA successfully combined both of these strategies to secure the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. The League of Women Voters was created when NAWSA's main objective of achieving women's suffrage became a reality.
Party members frequently engaged in the old-fashioned tactics of petitioning and lobbying. Yet, from the start, other, more visible actions—such as parades, pageants, street speeches, rallies, and large gatherings—were added to the traditional political process.
The 1860s, according to activists like Frederick Douglass, Lucy Stone, and Henry Blackwell, were the ideal moment for black men. Linking black and female suffrage would undoubtedly achieve neither. Sojourner Truth and Elizabeth Cady Stanton had different opinions. They demanded quick government action in favor of women's voting rights and would settle for nothing less.
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smart goal includes all of the following except question 38 options: 1) specific 2) measurable 3) accurate 4) timely
The Smart Goal include specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely. It does not include "accurate" as one of its components. Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3, "accurate".
A smart goal refers to the Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Timely objectives for accomplishing the task. It is an effective method to create a practical action plan that increases your likelihood of achieving your objectives.
The meaning of each word in the SMART acronym is as follows: Specific: A specific objective concentrates on a certain subject, allowing you to identify precisely what you want to accomplish. A goal should answer the 5 Ws: what, why, who, where, and when.
Measurable: A quantifiable objective enables you to determine how well you're doing and how far you've progressed. Establishing a specific method of tracking your progress is an excellent technique to make your objective measurable.
Achievable: Make sure your objective is something you can realistically achieve with the resources you have. It should be something that stretches your capabilities but is still doable.
Relevant: Make certain that your objective is significant and related to your career. If it's not relevant, it's difficult to remain motivated to work toward it.
Timely: Create a realistic timeframe for accomplishing your objective. To keep you on track and inspired, set deadlines for completing various phases of your plan.
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Benefits of obtaining a National Senior Certificate(NSC)
Obtaining an NSC is a significant achievement that opens up many opportunities for further education and career development. It also provides a sense of personal fulfillment and recognition of academic achievement.
Higher education options: Admission to universities, colleges, and other tertiary education institutions requires the NSC, which is the equivalent of a high school diploma. A person's career prospects can be improved by pursuing additional education and training after receiving an NSC.
Better employment prospects: For many entry-level positions, employers frequently require a high school diploma or its equivalent. Individuals can increase their employment prospects and possibly qualify for higher-paying jobs by obtaining an NSC.
Personal growth: Earning an NSC requires perseverance, hard work, and dedication. It may be a noteworthy accomplishment that boosts confidence and self-esteem.
Academic achievement is acknowledged: The NSC is a recognized academic qualification.
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The purpose of communication is: (select all that apply) a. To influence others b. To obtain information c. To elicit a response
The purpose of communication is to influence others, obtain information, and elicit a response. Therefore, all options (A,B and C) are correct.
What's communicationCommunication can be defined as the transfer of information, ideas, emotions, or thoughts from one person to another person. Communication is essential for conveying messages from one individual to another or from one organization to another.
Communication has several purposes, and some of them are listed below:
To influence others: Communication is a powerful tool to persuade or convince people. It can be used to persuade people to take action or to convince people to believe in a particular idea or concept
To obtain information: Communication is used to acquire information, ideas, or feedback. For example, managers may communicate with employees to gather information about their work or to obtain feedback on a new policy.
To elicit a response: Communication is used to provoke a response from the receiver. It can be used to seek clarification, to ask for help, or to express opinions or feelings. Therefore, the correct answer is a, b, and c.
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a characteristic of the_____ stage, is______ when adolescents feel that they alone have insights or difficulties that no one else understands or experiences.
a. Formal operational: egocentrism
b. Concrete operational: the imaginary audience
c. Formal operational: the personal fable
d. Concrete operational: concervation
In the following question, The correct answer is a. Formal operational: egocentrism.
What is egocentrism?The formal operational stage of intellectual growth, which typically starts around the age of 12 and lasts into adulthood, is characterized by egocentrism. People can think abstractly, make hypothetical arguments, and use deductive reasoning at this stage. They may, however, also engage in egocentric thinking, which is the tendency to only see things from their own point of view and the inability to comprehend other people's viewpoints. They might believe they are the only ones with certain insights or challenges that no one else shares. Adolescents may find it challenging to communicate effectively with others due to this way of thinking, which can also contribute to feelings of isolation.
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people who score high on ________are most likely to dislike immigrants who maintain their own culture and do not conform to the values of the dominant culture.
People who score high on authoritarianism are most likely to dislike immigrants who maintain their own culture and do not conform to the values of the dominant culture.
Authoritarianism is a kind of political system in which the government has complete control over everything. The people do not have any say in how they are ruled, and the government frequently uses force to ensure that everyone adheres to the rules. A dominant culture is a culture that is more powerful than other cultures in a society or region. The most prevalent culture is frequently that of the majority ethnic or racial group. Immigrants often struggle to integrate into the dominant culture since they frequently face obstacles such as discrimination, bigotry, and linguistic barriers. People who score high on authoritarianism are most likely to dislike immigrants who maintain their own culture and do not conform to the values of the dominant culture.
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