Influence of bromine and iodine chemistry on annual, seasonal, diurnal, and background ozone: CMAQ simulations over the Northern Hemisphere

Answers

Answer 1

It does not have a strong seasonal influence on ozone over the Northern Hemisphere.

Ozone

Three oxygen atoms make up ozone, a highly reactive gas. The stratosphere, the upper atmosphere of the planet, and the lower atmosphere both include this naturally occurring and artificial substance (the troposphere). Ozone has an impact on life on Earth, but only depending on where it resides in the atmosphere.

Molecular oxygen and solar ultraviolet (UV) light interact to naturally create stratospheric ozone. The "ozone layer," which is located 6 to 30 miles above the Earth's surface, decreases the quantity of dangerous UV light that reaches the surface.

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Related Questions

An Advil® cold and sinus capsule has a volume of 210. Mm3. How many microliters (µL) of the drug are needed to fill the capsule? ( 1 L = 106 µL)

Answers

Answer:

210 microliters of drug are needed to fill the capsule

Explanation:

As given in the question

1 liter is equal to [tex]10^6[/tex] micro liters

Volume of Capsule [tex]= 210[/tex] cubic millimeter

1 cubic millimeter  [tex]= 10^{-3}[/tex] cubic meter

1 cubic meter [tex]= 10^3[/tex] liters

1 micro liter [tex]= 10^{-6}[/tex] micro liters

Converting [tex]210[/tex] cubic millimeter to micro liter

[tex]= 210 * (10^{-3})^3 * 10^3 \\= 210 * 10^{-6}\\= 210[/tex]micro liters

There are three main parts to any dissolution which result in an energy change, either endothermic or exothermic. Consider the dissolution of sodium chloride and explain what each of these three major energy changes are.

Answers

Answer:

The dissolution of sodium chloride involves three steps. During the process energy changes occur in:

1. breaking apart the hydrogen bonds between water molecules,

2. breaking apart the electrostatic bonds between sodium and chloride ions, and

3. when bonds are formed between water molecules and aqueous ions in solution.

Since the energy used to break apart the hydrogen bonds between water molecules and the energy used to break apart the electrostatic bonds between sodium and chloride ions, is greater than the energy released when bonds are formed between water molecules and aqueous ions in solution, the dissolution of sodium chloride is endothermic.

Explanation:

The heat of solution or enthalpy of solution/dissolution, is the enthalpy change that occurs with the dissolution of a solute in a solvent at constant pressure, resulting in infinite dilution. Its unit is kJ/mol for reactions taking place under standard conditions (298.15 K and 1 atm).

The process of dissolution occurs in three energy-dependent steps:  

1. The breaking of bonds within the solute. For example, electrostatic forces of attraction between two oppositely-charged ions. This process is endothermic.

2. The endothermic process of breaking of intermolecular forces within the solvent, e.g. hydrogen bonds in water.

3. The exothermic process of the formation of new solute-solvent bonds in solution.

The sum of the energies involved in these three steps gives the enthalpy of dissolution of a solute. The overall process of dissolution can either endothermic or exothermic depending on the amount of energy used or released in breaking and making bonds. If more energy is released in making than is used in breaking bonds, it is exothermic.  However, if more energy is used in breaking bonds than is released in making bonds, dissolution is then endothermic.

For example, considering the dissolution of sodium chloride. During the process the energy used to break apart the hydrogen bonds between water molecules and the energy used to break apart the electrostatic bonds between sodium and chloride ions, is greater than the energy released when bonds are formed between water molecules and aqueous ions in solution. Therefore, the dissolution of sodium chloride is endothermic.


The solubility of substance (Z) is 40g/100ml of water at 25°C. A)Can you
make a saturated solution if you add 120 g. of (Z) to 450ml of water at
25°C?

-
can anyone help me?!!!??!?!​

Answers

Answer:

No, It would be a unsaturated solution

Explanation:

The solubility of a compound gives us information about how a compound may dissolve or not in a determinate solvent.

In this case we have Z, which in 25 °C the solubility of this compound is 40g/100 mL water. This means that if we have 60 g of Z and try to dissolve it in 100 mL of water, only 40 g of Z will solve and the remaining 20 g will be in the water as precipitate or remaining solid.

Now if you just put 40 g of Z in 100 mL water, it will dissolve completely in water, and in this case, we have a saturated solution. A saturated solution is when you dissolve a determinated quantity of a solute in a determinated quantity of solvent, without remaining of solid or excess of solvent.

According to this explanation, we now have 120 g of Z. To make a saturated solution of Z with this quantity, well, let's do math. If 40 g dissolves in 100 mL, then 80 g would be 200 mL and 120 g would have to be 300 mL of water. But in this case, we have 450 mL of water, we have more than 300 mL, an excess of water, so, the 120 g will dissolve but it's dissolved in more than the needed quantity to be a saturated solution, therefore, we have an unsaturated solution of Z (more solvent than the needed).

Hope this helps.

The number of......... in an atom is the difference between the mass number and the atomic number

A-Electrons

B-Neutrons

C-Protons​

Answers

Answer: While the mass number is the sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom, the atomic number is only the number of protons. The atomic number is the value found associated with an element on the periodic table because it is the key to the element's identity.

MARK ME BRAINLIST

Neutrons is the answer

The Law of Superposition states

Answers

In an undisturbed sequence of layers of rocks, the younger layers lie on top of the older layers

The solubility of AgNO3 at 10° and 20°C are 170g and 222g per 100g H2O. What is the sign of change of heat of solution for AgNO3?

Answers

Answer:

The sign of change of heat of solution is positive

Explanation:

The dissolution of AgNO3 in water is represented by the equation;

AgNO3(s) --------> Ag^+(aq) + NO3^-(aq)

We can see from the question that as the temperature was increased from 10° to 20°C the solubility of the solute increased from  170g to 222g per 100g of H2O.

This implies that the solubility of the solute increases with increase in temperature.

If a reaction moves in the forward direction when the temperature is increased, then the reaction is endothermic. If the reaction is endothermic, the sign of change of heat of solution is positive.

what is the formula for the compound potassium chloride?

Answers

Answer:

KCl

Explanation:

hope this is correct and helps i did this last year in chem :)

[tex]\mathrm{KCl}[/tex]

Mars have more gravity than earth?

True or false?

Answers

Answer:

false

Explanation:

earth is larger than mars so it has more gravity

Answer: false

Explanation:

What is the formula for copper(I) phosphate(v)

Answers

Answer:

Cu3PO4

Explanation:

There are two types of chemical compound one is covalent compound and other is ionic compound, covalent compound formed by sharing of electron and ionic compound formed by complete transfer of electron. Therefore, Cu[tex]_3[/tex]PO[tex]_4[/tex] is the formula for copper(I) phosphate(v).

What is chemical Compound?

Chemical Compound is a combination of molecule, Molecule forms by combination of element and element forms by combination of atoms in fixed proportion.

An ionic compound is a metal and nonmetal combined compound.  Ionic compound are very hard. They have high melting and boiling point because of strong ion bond. Cu[tex]_3[/tex]PO[tex]_4[/tex] is the formula for copper(I) phosphate(v). Cu[tex]_3[/tex]PO[tex]_4[/tex] is an ionic compound with cation Cu⁺¹ and anion as PO₄³⁻.

Therefore, Cu[tex]_3[/tex]PO[tex]_4[/tex] is the formula for copper(I) phosphate(v).

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Anyone know how to do this?

Answers

Answer:I can’t see the question

Explanation:

What is true of experimental designs that are used in scientific research? The designs use the same steps in every kind of research. The designs follow a general method that is familiar to all scientists. The designs ensure that the experimental data supports the hypothesis. The designs are kept secret so that others must do their own experiments.​. The answer is B.) "The designs follow a general method that is familiar to all scientists."

Answers

Answer:

The designs ensure that the experimental.

Explanation:

Scientific research refers to the-fact finding inquiry to answer the questions related to natural processes. A hypothesis is a situation or an assumption that needs to be proved by applying scientific produces. Experimental design refers to the methodology, which is applied to conduct research.

The designs ensure that the experimental data support the hypothesis is the true statement regarding experimental designs that are used in scientific research because an experimental design should be concerned with the fact that it is relevant or appropriate to prove a hypothesis.

Answer:

its c. the designs follow a general method that is familiar to all scientists

Explanation:

Which of the following questions will allow you to determine if a population of organisms are MOST LIKELY a result of natural or artificial selection? A. How similar are the organisms to their parents? B. How many different traits are there in the population of organisms? C. Do the organisms have traits that are valuable to humans but are poorly suited to the wild? D. Were the organisms produced by sexual or asexual reproduction?

Answers

Answer:c

Explanation:

Neon is a noble gas because it is stable non reactive and has ____ valence electrons

Answers

Answer:

8 .....................

What is (1.20 x 104 m) x (3.070 x 102m)

Answers

The answer should be 39079.872 m2 (squared)

In general, what causes a sea breeze?
O
A. The difference in density between land and water
B. The difference in cloud cover between land and water
Ο Ο Ο
C. The difference in specific heat capacity between land and water
D. The difference in elevation between land and water

Answers

Answer:

The usual cause of sea breeze is the difference in specific heat capacity between land and water Land heats and cools more quickly than water. What is the cause of a sea breeze? The air over the land is warmed and rises, to a greater temperature than that over the sea.

Explanation:

Your answer is C ! <3

The difference in specific heat capacity between land and water is the cause of sea breeze.

What is sea breeze?

land and ocean heat up at different rates, sea breezes often occur during hot, summer days. The land surface warms up more quickly than the water surface during the day. As a result, the air above land is warmer than that over water.

Just to refresh your memory, warmer air is lighter than cooler air. Warm air rises as a result. As a result, the warmer air above the ground is rising. The cooler air above the water is moving across the surface of the land to replace the rising heated air as it rises over the land.

This is the sea breeze, which is seen at the top of the next picture. The land breeze that happens is seen at the bottom of the following picture.

Therefore, The difference in specific heat capacity between land and water is the cause of sea breeze.

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Help me please an thank you

Answers

Molecular formula

hope that helps^^

A lens is an instrument that can combine and focus light to a single point. The diagram below shows many different colors of light entering a lens and focusing on Point X. Which of the following BEST describes the effect the lens has on Point X?

Answers

Answer:

it should be the second one :)

Explanation:

How many grams of H,O are needed to produce 13 g of NaOH? 2 Na,O2 + 2 H20-4 NaOH + O2

Answers

Answer:

This is a typical stoichiometry question.To answer this question you want to get a relationship between

N

a

2

O and NaOH.

So you can get a relationship between the moles of

N

a

2

O

and moles of NaOH by the concept of stoichiometry.

N

a

2

O +

H

2

O ----------------> 2 NaOH.

According to above balanced equation we can have the stoichiometry relationship between

N

a

2

O and NaOH. as 1:2

It means 1 moles of

N

a

2

O is required to react with one mol of

H

2

O to produce 2 moles of NaOH.

in terms of mass 1 mole of

N

a

2

O has mass 62 g on reaction with water produces 2 moles of NaOH or 80 g of NaOH.

62 g of

N

a

2

O produces 80 g of NaOH.

1g of NaOH is produced from 62/80 g of

N

a

2

O

1.6 x

10

2

g of NaOH will require 62 x 1.6 x

10

2

g / 80 of

N

a

2

O

124g of

N

a

2

O.

Explanation:

1) Write the symbol and charge for each individual ion
2) Balance the charge so that they equal to zero
3)Write the formula based on how many of each ion you used in step 2

6) Nitrogen and Barium
7) strontium and fluorine
8) iodine and calcium
9) magnesium and sulfur
10) Sulfur and aluminum

Answers

N -3

Ba +2

Sr +2

F -1

I -1

Ca +2

Mg +2

S -2

S -2

Al +3

//

Ba3N2

SrF2

CaI2

MgS

Al2S3

//

I don't really understand 2.

what is the correct answer ?

Answers

Answer:

Element with 6s subshell

Explanation:

Reactivity of an element depends on the electronic configuration and position of element in the periodic table as reactivity increases as we go down the periodic table.

This is so because number of shell increases as move down the periodic table and the last electron is further away from the nucleus.

Element with 6s subshell is the largest among 3s and 4s subshell and has more number of shells so it will react more than 3s and 4s subshell.

Hence, the correct answer is "Element with 6s subshell".

HELPP PLEASEEEEEEEEEEEEE

Answers

Answer:

Potential energy I believe

Explanation:

what's the formula for hypoarsenous acid?

Answers

Answer:

As(OH)3 or AsH3O3

Explanation:

H3AsO3 is the chemical formula

20 mL of NaOH solution was added to the conical flask. Indicator was added & titrated with 0.1 M HCl solution. The HCl used in the titration was read as 18.3 mL. What is the molar concentration of NaOH?

Answers

Answer:

[NaOH] = 0.1 Molar ... Note => the brackets around formula;i.e., "[ ]" is generally accepted in the chemistry community as concentration in Molar terms.

Explanation:

The metathesis rxn, or double replacement rxn, equation is:

(Molarity x Volume) of acid = (Molarity x Volume) of base, or

(M·V)acid = (M·V)base => M(base) = M·V(acid)/V(base)

= 0.1M × 18.3ml / 20ml = 0.0915M(base) = 0.1M (1 sig-fig) = [NaOH]

Explain why dissolving is classified as a physical change.

Answers

Answer:

dissolving is classified as a physical change because it can be reversed back to its original form

explanation:

Dissolving is an example of a reversible change. For example, when salt is mixed with water it disappears because it dissolves in the water to make salty water. But we can get the salt can back again by boiling off the water. That leaves the salt behind.

please help me!! (brainliest)

Answers

Answer:

ok

Explanation:

Which is the correct number of moles of NO that is produced from 13.2 moles of oxygen
gas, O2?
4NH3 + 502 —> 4N0 + 6H2O

Answers

Answer:

10.6 mol NO

General Formulas and Concepts:

Math

Pre-Algebra

Order of Operations: BPEMDAS

Brackets Parenthesis Exponents Multiplication Division Addition Subtraction Left to Right

Chemistry

Stoichiometry

Using Dimensional AnalysisExplanation:

Step 1: Define

[RxN - Balanced] 4NH₃ + 5O₂ → 4NO + 6H₂O

[Given] 13.2 mol O₂

Step 2: Identify Conversions

[RxN] 5 mol O₂ → 4 mol NO

Step 3: Stoich

[DA] Set up:                                                                                                     [tex]\displaystyle 13.2 \ mol \ O_2(\frac{4 \ mol \ NO}{5 \ mol \ O_2})[/tex][DA] Multiply/Divide [Cancel out units]:                                                         [tex]\displaystyle 10.56 \ mol \ NO[/tex]

Step 4: Check

Follow sig fig rules and round. We are given 3 sig figs.

10.56 mol NO ≈ 10.6 mol NO

You are given 0.39 mol of niobium (Nb). How many grams of niobium do you have?

Answers

Answer:

36gNb

Explanation:

0.39 mol Nb*92.91g Nb/1 mol Nb=36 g Nb

How is a gamete different from other types of cells in a person's body?

Answers

The human gametes differ from all the other cells in the body because the somatic cells have a complete set of chromosomes

The specific heat of gold is 0.126 J/gºC. How much energy is released
when a 350 g sample of gold is cooled from 88.5°C to 24.6°C?

Answers

Explanation:

Specific heat capacity of gold (S)

= 0.126 J /kg°C

mass (m) = 350 g = 0.35 kg

difference in temperature (dt)

= 88.5°C - 24.6°C

= 63.9° C

Now

Energy released (Q)

= m*s*dt

= 0.35 * 0.126 * 63.9

= 2.81799 Joule

Hope it will help :)

Determine if you can swim in 1×10^27 molecules of water

Answers

No you couldn’t, because a drop of water has approximately 1.61*10^21 molecules, so this would be slightly more than a drop of water
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Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an extremely rare, acquired, life-threatening disease of the blood. In PNH the bone marrow produces defective red blood cells. The immune system responds by destroying these defective red blood cells in a process known as hemolysis. Suppose that the probability that a patient recovers from PNH is 0.40. If 100 people are known to have contracted this disease, what is the probability that less than 30 of them will survive? O 0.00162 O 0.0162 O 0.0000162 O 0.162 O 0.000162 which of the statements about peptide bonds are true? mount st. helens is part of the ____________.a. andes mountainsb. mid-atlantic ridgec. himalayan mountainsd. cascade range which of these groups is least likely to support a state sanctuary law, according to public opinion polls in california (2017)? many researchers believe that one reason for higher rates of posttraumatic stress disorder in women is: today's soho routers normally contain multiple functions of typical hardware found in an enterprise network, like a router, switch, and modem.T/F what on base percentage would you predict if the batting average was .206? as always, you must show all work. (.1) Given 25. 0 g of Chromium and 57. 0 g of Phosphoric acid, what is the maximum amount of Chromium (III) Phosphate formed? * On a certain hot summer day, 304 people used the public swimming pool. The daily prices are $1. 50 for children and $2. 00 for adults. The recipts for admission totaled $522. 00 how many children and how many adults swam at the public pool today a nurse is caring for a client 4 hr following evacuation of a subdural hematoma when ministers in a government cabinet fail to tell their fellow ministers about agreements they have made, this action is called: write an essay about the night before you met your favorite,how you felt Match the following items.1. advent2. blacklist3. consternation4. demobilize5. discord6. divisivethe start or arrival of somethingimportanta person or situation that causeshostility within a groupstrife or contention between peopleor groupsto greatly reduce or disbandmilitary personnel2to censure or discriminate against apersonthe feeling of helplessness,bewilderment, or fear "the lawyers have okayed it," is a signal that the decision/action is legal and ethical. What can be used to ensure reasonable performance of a remote-service mechanism: A) direct memory access. B) shared memory. C) caching. D) shared data. The field just outside a 3.90 cm-radius metal ball is 2.25102 N/C and points toward the ball.What charge resides on the ball? there are many environments that require five nines, but a five nines environment may be cost prohibitive. what is one example of where the five nines environment might be cost prohibitive? From 2014 to 2015, many U.S. companies that sell a lot overseas experienced declining profits due to the:Select one:a. appreciation of the yen.b. depreciation of the euro.c. depreciation of the dollar.d. appreciation of the dollar. By computing the first few derivatives and looking for a pattern, find 939 dx d939 d 939 (cos x)= he following table provides information on the price, quantity, and average total cost for a monopoly.PriceQuantityAverage Total Cost$240---$185$14.00$1210$11.00$615$10.67$020$11.00Refer to Table 15-8. What is the maximum profit that the monopolist can earn?A. $20B. $10C. $40D. $30