Answer:
Differences in Albedo contribute to temperature differences between the polar and equatorial regions because areas with high albedo deflect off about 80% of the sun's radiation thus resulting in a cooler atmosphere whilst regions with a lower albedo are more heated thus resulting in a hotter or more tropical weather.
Explanation:
Albedo in Latin simply means whiteness. In geography, it is used to describe the extent to which the earth's surface absorbs deflects the sun's radiation. For example, an area covered with snow will most likely have a high albedo and the obverse is also true.
The laws of physics help us to understand that a black object has the capacity to absorb all the wavelengths of light hence, they absorb more heat. White objects on the other hand reflect all the wavelengths of light, hence they absorb the least amount of heat.
This is also true of geographical spaces. There are two major kinds of albedoes:
Terrestrial Albedo and Extraterrestrial (or Astronomical) Albedo.Terrestrial Albedo surfaces comprise fo the following:
Bare soil Conifer forest Deciduous forest Fresh asphalt Green grass Ocean ice Open ocean Worn asphaltAll the surfaces mentioned above have their albedo. The typical range is given as 0.9 for fresh snow to about 0.04 for charcoal.
In effect, if the entire planet were covered with snow, it would give rise to a global temperature of 0 degrees because all the light and it's heat energy would be reflected back into space.
If however, all of it were covered with water, the global temperature would stand at 27 degrees.
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We lose 5 to 7 million ha of productive cropland per year to ________. erosion, over-irrigation, and overgrazing no-till cropping and shelterbelts damage from recreation activity reforestation and wetland restoration damage from pesticides
We lose 5 to 7 million ha of productive cropland per year to (A) erosion, over-irrigation, and overgrazing.
What are erosion, over-irrigation, and overgrazing?Erosion is the activity of surface processes that transfer soil, rock or dissolved material from one spot on the Earth's crust to another where it is deposited. Weathering, on the other hand, does not involve mobility.Over-irrigation wastes water increases energy use for pumping promotes nitrogen and other micronutrients leaching and wastes time. Over-irrigation significantly increases crop nitrogen requirements, fertilizer expenditures, and nitrogen losses to groundwater.Overgrazing occurs when plants are subjected to intensive grazing for a lengthy period of time or without adequate recovery time. It is caused by cattle in poorly managed agricultural applications, as well as game reserves and nature reserves.Every year, we lose 5–7 million acres of fertile crops due to (A) erosion, over-irrigation, and overgrazing.Therefore, we lose 5 to 7 million ha of productive cropland per year to (A) erosion, over-irrigation, and overgrazing.
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Complete question:
We lose 5 to 7 million ha of productive cropland per year to ________.
a) erosion, over-irrigation, and overgrazing
b) damage from recreation activity
c) reforestation and wetland restoration
d) damage from pesticides
e) no-till cropping and shelterbelts
Cooling of a surface overnight that chills the air layer directly above that surface may form Group of answer choices an upslope fog. a radiation fog. an evaporation fog. and advection fog.
Cooling of a surface overnight that chills the air layer directly above that surface may form a radiation fog.
What is Radiation Fog?This fog develops when all of the sun's energy leaves the planet and enables the temperature to reach the dew point. When it rained the night before, radiation fog is most likely to occur. Higher dew points are produced and the soil is moistened as a result.When heat from the Earth's surface that was absorbed throughout the day radiates into the air in the evening, radiation fog is created. Water droplets form as heat is transmitted from the earth to the atmosphere. Radiation fog is occasionally referred to as "ground fog."The air near the surface cools overnight as thermal radiation cools the land. As a result, condensation and fog are more likely to form. This lowers the air's capacity to store moisture.To learn more about Radiation Fog refer to:
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An arbitration proceeding involving a customer in an amount over $100,000 has been agreed to. In such an arbitration dispute, which of the following is true
The true statement is that in dispute involving a customer for amounts greater than $100,000 three arbitrator will be used unless both parties agree to one . In the case where three arbitrators are used customer can request that all three arbitrators be selected from public sector
What are the outcomes of arbitration process?
The arbitrator listens to both sides look at the evidences you have sent in and decides what the outcome should be. In some cases the arbitrator may choose to have several meetings with the both parties . When they takes the decision this is called an award and is legally binding.
The question is incomplete the statement are not given
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Part A Study the map in Image A. What does it show about the spread of printed materials across Europe
Strasbourg was the place where most printed books were produced.
The image shows us the cities of Europe with the least and most printed books. Strasbourg is a city in France where the first printing machine was invented by Johannes Gutenberg which is why it is the city of most printed books.
France is the place where the first printing press start working commercially so we can say that Strasbourg and followed by other cities in France had more printed materials as compared to other cities in Europe. These areas produced the most number of books due to the presence of the printing press.
Venice, the center of commerce in Europe, was also the center of printing on the European continent, with about 100 printed works in the city alone.
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Assuming that other planetary systems form in the same way as our solar system formed, where would you expect to find terrestrial planets?.
Terrestrial planets will likely be located nearer the planetary system's star than any Jovian planets.
Explanation:
The red rocks of red rock amphitheater west of denver are relatively old compared to other rocks in the area, yet they are at the surface because of ______
The red rocks of red rock amphitheater west of denver are relatively old compared to other rocks in the area, yet they are at the surface because of folding and faulting.
What is a rock?It should be noted that a rock means the aggregate of one or more minerals.
In this case, the red rocks of red rock amphitheater west of denver are relatively old compared to other rocks in the area, yet they are at the surface because of folding and faulting.
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Suggest a way that each farm could change their farming practices to prevent pollution of the river with nitrates.
One way for each farm to change its farming practices to avoid polluting the river with nitrates is through reducing the use of artificial fertilizers by using biofertilizers.
What are biofertilizers?They are organic fertilizers from materials easily found within a farm, such as manure compost, mineral salts and animal waste, which help to protect the soil, being a replenisher of soil organic matter and an advocate of agriculture.
Its benefits are directly linked to sustainability, since, unlike artificial fertilizers, biofertilizers do not contain nitrites, which are capable of generating pollution and ecological imbalance in rivers.
Therefore, biofertilizers are a relevant option for promoting sustainability, and such information should be more widespread in agribusiness, to promote practices that help to promote environmental responsibility and maintain the quality of life of current and future generations.
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When rocks are broken down and worn away, they form loose materials of all sizes called?
Answer: Sediment
Explanation: Sediment can consist of rocks and minerals, as well as the remains of plants and animals. It can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a boulder. Sediment moves from one place to another through the process of erosion. Erosion is the removal and transportation of rock or soil.
In times of flooding, the river can overflow its banks depositing sediments along the edge of the river bank, and the thick sediments it deposits on the banks are called __________ levees.
Flash floods are dangerous because they usually take place clearly rapid because of heavy rain, rain from hurricanes, and many others. Like normal floods, flash flooding can damage houses and result in important flooding causing harm to vehicles, strength strains, and buildings. i'm hoping this facilitates!
A flood is an overflow of water onto land this is normally dry. Floods can happen almost anywhere. they could cowl a place with only a few inches of water or they could convey enough water to cowl the roof of a residence. Floods may be risky for communities, lasting days, weeks or sometimes even longer.
A flood occurs whilst water from a river , lake , or ocean overflows onto the land round it . an excessive amount of rain or melting snow are the principle reasons of floods . every so often the soil in the ground can make a flood worse. this is because whilst rain falls, the soil normally soaks it up like a sponge.
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In times of flooding, the river can overflow its banks depositing sediments along the edge of the river bank, and the thick In times of it deposits on the banks are called flood levees.
Flash floods are dangerous because they usually take place clearly rapidly because of heavy rain, rain from hurricanes, and many others. Like normal floods, flash flooding can damage houses and result in important flooding causing harm to vehicles, strength strains, and buildings. I'm hoping this facilitates!
A flood is an overflow of water onto land this is normally dry. Floods can happen almost anywhere. they could cowl a place with only a few inches of water or they could convey enough water to cowl the roof of a residence. Floods may be risky for communities, lasting days, weeks, or sometimes even longer.
A flood occurs whilst water from a river, lake, or ocean overflows onto the land around it. an excessive amount of rain or melting snow is the principal reason for floods. every so often the soil in the ground can make a flood worse. this is because whilst the rain falls, the soil normally soaks it up like a sponge.
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What condition is necessary on earth to see eclipses of stars in binary star systems?
The line of sight from earth to the star system must be very close to the orbital plane of the stars to see eclipses of stars in binary star systems.
Each star in a double star system, also known as a binary star system, gravitationally pulls in the second star, which circles around the pair's centre of mass. Each star will be seen to eclipse the other once every orbital period if their orbital plane is edge-on to Earth. Eclipsing binary is the name for such a system.
It is also referred to as an eclipsing variable star because in an eclipsing binary system, the total amount of light fluctuates on a regular basis. When one of the two stars in an eclipsing binary is eclipsed, the light curve of the system experiences a deep minimum, and when the other star is eclipsed, the light curve experiences a shallower minimum.
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The site of Dmanisi in the Republic of Georgia reveals the presence of Homo erectus in Western Eurasia between 1.75 to 1.86 million years ago.
The statement, the site of Dmanisi in the Republic of Georgia reveals the presence of Homo erectus in Western Eurasia between 1.75 to 1.86 million years ago, is true.
Dmanisi is the site of a medieval village located about 85 km (53 miles) southwest of Tbilisi. Here, the archaeological exploration of the ruins began in the 1930s, but systematic excavations were not undertaken until the 1980s.
Recent excavations of Dmanisi have revealed an extraordinary presence of Homo erectus in Western Eurasia between 1.75 to 1.86 million years ago. Thus, several hominid individuals along with abundant well-preserved remains of fossil animals and stone artefacts have been found.
Hence, the given statement is true.
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define vestigial organ
Answer:
Vestigial organs are the organs that have no apparent function and are considered to be the residual parts from the past ancestors.
If a flat lying sedimentary rock layer ends abruptly, which principle tells that it has likely been deformed
The principle that tells that the flat lying sedimentary rock layer, which ends abruptly, has likely been deformed is Original horizontality principle. Option D.
What are the stratigraphic principles?Superposition principle
Sedimentary rocks have been chronologically accumulating for years, reflecting the geological formation known as superposition.
According to this sedimentary deposition, we can distinguish the older rocks located in the deepest areas from the younger rocks in more superficial layers.
Lateral continuity principle
When talking about lateral continuity, we refer to different strata -sedimental layers- horizontally deposited that have a limited continuity.
This is, when looking laterally, each layer is not infinite. They tend to smoothly end.
These layers get thinner as they get farther from the source until they disappear.
When looking at plane rocky strata, we can notice they have not suffered from any perturbation and keep the original horizontality.
As they disappear, they tend to
• Mint
• Harrow
• Interdigitate
• be truncated
Original horizontality principle
This principle refers to the fact that strata extend originally in all horizontal directions. Sedimental layers are horizontally deposited.
However, it may occur that the currently observed strata arrangement is not the same as it used to be.
This is due to tectonic changes that have modified the original positions. Thus, layers can appear
folded, slanted, or inverted⇒ leaving the most ancient layers in the upper positions.The principle that tells that the flat lying sedimentary rock layer, which ends abruptly, has likely been deformed is Original horizontality principle. Option D.
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If a flat lying sedimentary rock layer ends abruptly, which principle tells that it has likely been deformed?
a) unconformities
b) lateral continuity
c) superposition
d) original horizontality
change 1cm to 4km to representative fraction
Answer:
The representative fraction of the scale is 1 : 2,00,000.
Questions from the Snowball Earth Case Study. Which of the following are evidence left in rock from the Neoproterozoic age that indicate glaciers? Select all that apply.
Evidence left in rock from the Neoproterozoic age that indicates glaciers: The presence of "Cap Carbonates" suggests that glaciers must have been present at low latitudes at some point in the past. This is further explained below.
What is the Neoproterozoic age?Generally, It was during the Neoproterozoic Era (1000–543 Ma) that the microbial world transitioned to a more sophisticated animal life form known as the Phanerozoic.
In conclusion, Glaciers were likely present throughout the Neoproterozoic epoch based on the following evidence found in rocks: Glaciers must have been at low latitudes at one point in time in order for there to be evidence of "Cap Carbonates," which indicates that they did.
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What else can happen in an area when excessive groundwater is removed from the aquifer?
if excessive groundwater is removed from the aquifer, it can drop the groundwater table and make it impossible for wells to access groundwater.
Due to this, the soil begins to sag, jeopardising nearby structures and town infrastructure. The core structure of the soil is impacted by the decreasing water level, leading to several problems such pipe damage, sinkholes, and cracked home walls.
Over-pumping causes problems with corrosion, incrustation, and biofouling that add to depleting the groundwater aquifer (or source). Over pumping also accelerates the movement of silt particles into the well, resulting in clogging of the perforated area where water enters the well.
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Photosynthesis during the early Proterozoic removed so much CO2 from the atmosphere that the Earth dramatically cooled creating the first worldwide...
It is believed that photosynthesis in the early Proterozoic period was so significant that it cooled the earth and led to a snowball Earth episode.
What is a snowball earth episode?This refers to periods where the Earth was so cold that its surface was either opartially or entirely frozen.
It is theorized that this first happened in the Proterozoic period when photosynthesis removed Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere which allowed heat to escape easily.
Options for this question are:
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What atmospheric temperature and moisture conditions would you expect on a day when the weather is unstable
Cumulus clouds, which resemble tall cauliflowers, are typically associated with unstable air. These spread swiftly and are connected to strong rain events. Some grow to such heights that ice begins to develop at their summits, giving the so-called anvil clouded its fluffy, brilliant white appearance.
How can you tell if the atmosphere is stable or unstable?The pace at which the atmosphere cools as you ascend and the altitude at which the rising parcel reaches saturation will determine how rapidly the atmosphere cools. One of the key elements that affect whether the atmosphere is stable or unstable is the value of the environmental lapse rate.
When the air is warmer and/or more humid than the surrounding air, it is regarded as unstable at the lowest layers of an air mass. When this happens, the air will rise because the air parcel in question is warmer than the air around it. The weather can change abruptly and be violent in an unstable setting.
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Stop 6: Putting it all together. How does the transition in sediment composition seen from the lower to upper Martinsburg formation compare to the sediment transition change between the Massanutten formation and overlying Helderberg Group? What does this tell us about the changes taking place in tectonic activity? Put the events in order that tell this story.
The order in which the changes taking place in tectonic activity in the Martinsburg and Massanutten formation is:
Erosion of the taconian mountains providing abundant carbonate sediment of the Massanutten formation.Taconian mountain building and the influx of siliciclastic sediment of the upper Martinsburg formation.Tectonic quiescence and the deposition of lime mud on carbonate platform of the upper Martinburg formation.Tectonic quiescence & the deposition of lime mud on carbonate platform of the Helderberg formation.What order did the tectonic events happen?As a result of the erosion of the teconian mountains, there was abundant carbonate for the Massanutten formation.
Some time later, a process of tectonic quiescence led to a deposition of lime mud on the upper Martinsburg formation, and then the Heiderberg formation.
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80% of the atmosphere’s mass is near __________ with 99% being below 20 miles (32 km).
80% of the atmosphere’s mass is near the troposphere with 99% being below 20 miles (32 km).
Depending on the temperature profile, the layers of the atmosphere on Earth are separated. Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and exosphere are the four. The troposphere, the lowest part of the atmosphere on Earth, is where almost all meteorological phenomena occur. In the equator, the troposphere reaches a height of 17–18 km, while it rises as high as 10 km near the poles and high latitudes. All meteorological phenomena occur in the troposphere, and as one ascends higher, the temperature drops.
This temperature declines at a rate of about 6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometre ( it will change with atmospheric conditions). Because of the ferocious convective air within the layer, the term "troposphere" (which means "area of mixing") was coined. The troposphere contains 80% of the mass of the atmosphere. Ninety-nine percent of the atmosphere's composition is water vapour. The term "tropopause" refers to the top boundary of the troposphere, when temperatures are stable for a few kilometres.
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A runaway greenhouse effect is an example of?
Answer:
carbon dioxide and water vapor
Explanation:
Match each place with its numbered location on the map.
1. Appalachian mountains
2. Rocky mountains
3. Newfoundland
4. Sierra madres
5. Great plains
6. Aleitain Islands
7. Canadian shield
8. Laurentian mountains
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The correct locations of each place on the map are:
1. Aleutian Islands
2. Canadian Shield
3. Newfoundland
4. Laurentian Mountains
5. Appalachian mountains
6. Rocky Mountains
7. Great plains
8. Sierras madres
Landforms of North America.
The landforms of North America are varied and contain all of the most important biomes in the world.
The five distinct geographic regions of North America are:
the Caribbean, the Great Plains, the Canadian Shield, the mountainous west, and the eastern region.In the west, we can find the Rocky Mountains and Sierras Madres.
In the middle of the continent is where the Great Plains are; while in the east, we get to see the Appalachian Mountains in the United States, and Newfoundland and the Laurentian Mountains in Canada.
The Canadian Shield stretches over eastern, central, and northwestern Canada and is famous for its great number of lakes.
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Which of the following statements describe(s) the importance of environmental protection in North America?
MULTIPLE CHOICE
CHOOSE MORE THAN TWO OR THREE ANSWERS
Environmental protection affects the quality of people's lives.
Environmental protection in North America will not affect Europe or Asia.
Environmental protection efforts today will affect future generations.
Environmental protection policies must consider economic development.
Environmental protection policies need only consider what is best for the environment.
Why are water vapor and aerosols important constituents of earth's atmosphere?
Water vapor is important because it is the source of all clouds and precipitation and like carbon dioxide, it is also a heat absorber. Aerosols are important bc many acts as surfaces on which water vapor can condense, an important function in the formation of clouds.
Water vapor, steam, or steam is the gas phase of water. The state of water in the hydrosphere. Water vapor is produced by evaporation or boiling of liquid water or sublimation of ice. Water vapor, like most components of the atmosphere, is transparent. Under typical atmospheric conditions, water vapor is continuously produced by evaporation and removed by condensation. It is less dense than most other components of air and causes convection currents that lead to cloud formation.
As part of the Earth's hydrosphere and the water cycle, it is particularly abundant in the Earth's atmosphere, where it acts as a greenhouse gas and warming feedback, and is a more global gas than non-condensable gases such as carbon dioxide and methane. Contribute to the greenhouse effect. The use of water vapor as steam has been important since the Industrial Revolution as a major component of cooking and power generation and transportation systems.
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IMAGINE YOU ARE PART OF THE FIRST INDIAN MANNED MISSION TO THE MOON. WHAT WOULD YOU DO AFTER YOU HAVE LANDED ON THE SURFACE OF THE MOON?(REMEMBER THAT THERE IS NO AIR,WATER AND GRAVITY IS LOW ON THE MOON.) HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBETHE EARTH AS SEEN FROM THE MOON? MAKE A DAIRY ENTRY ON YOUR EXPERIENCE. (WOULD REALLY APRECIATE IF ANSWERED OR AT LEAST GIVEN ANY TIPS)
i would stay up there for the rest of my life
Explanation:
Today, the country of Iran is located where the
"Persian Empire" used to be.
What is one aspect of life in Iran today that
reflects this?
A. The most predominant religion is Buddhism.
B. The largest city is Tehran.
C. Their official language is Persian.
Answer:b
Explanation:
Brief implications of location (both absolute and relative ) on the overall condition of nation. take ethiopia as a case
The implication of location is that Ethiopia's strategic importance stems from its closeness to Middle Eastern, European, and Asian markets. This is it's relative location to other countries.
What are the negative consequences of it's relative location?Ethiopia is surrounded by land, bordering Eritrea, Somalia, Kenya, South Sudan, and Sudan, and for the previous two decades has relied on Djibouti's primary port. This makes it too dependent on the coastal nations.
What is Ethiopia's Absolute location?Ethiopia's GPS coordinates are 9.1450° N and 40.4897° E. Ethiopia's latitude is in the northern hemisphere, this means it is above the equator.
Ethiopia is located in the eastern area, with a longitudinal coordinate in the east. This is Ethiopia's absolute location.
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The slow tipping of the earth's axis in a circle with a period of about 26,000 years is called:____.
The answer is precession or axial precession
The sluggish tipping of the World's axis in a circle with a time of around 26,000 years is designated "precession."
Precession is a peculiarity where the direction of the World's rotational axis changes over the long run, making a roundabout movement. This movement is brought about by the gravitational powers applied by the Moon and the Sun on the World's central lump.
As the World's axis precesses, the place of the divine poles likewise changes, prompting a change in the North Star over significant stretches of time. Precession essentially affects the World's environment and galactic perceptions and is a significant part of Earth's orbital elements.
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Which gas in the atmosphere is vital to virtually all life that exists on earth?
The majority of species require oxygen to survive
On the map above, China is located at number _____ and Japan is located at number _____. A. 1 . . . 6 B. 2 . . . 6 C. 2 . . . 4 D. 1 . . . 4 Please select the be
The Correct answer is B. China is a very large country, as in 2 and Japan is an island country in East Asia, as in 6.
What is map?
A map is a symbolic representation of selected characteristics of a place, usually drawn on a flat surface. Maps present information about the world in a simple, visual way. They teach about the world by showing sizes and shapes of countries, locations of features, and distances between places.
A map is a scaled and flattened visual representation of a larger geographical area showing topographic details, buildings, and roads.
On map , Latitude and longitude lines are numbered. The intersection of latitude and longitude lines, called coordinates, identify the exact location of a place.
On maps showing greater detail, the grid is often given numbers and letters.
Thus, All the located place at number is :
1 is Kazakhstan.
2 is China.
3 is Mongolia.
4 is North Korea.
5 is South Korea.
6 is Japan.
7 is India.
Therefore , we can conclude that the correct option is B.
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