Answer:
We mentioned in the study section of Lecture 2 that hydrogen and oxygen combine in the ratio of 1 to 8, but that this is not enough information for leading to the conclusion that two hydrogen atoms combine with one of oxygen to form a water molecule. A key idea is attributed to Avagadro who said that equal volumes of gas (at the same temperature and pressure) contain equal numbers of constituent atoms or molecules. Experiments show that two liters of hydrogen gas will combine with one liter of oxygen gas to form two liters of water vapor. Each hydrogen molecule in hydrogen gas consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded together. Likewise, two oxygen atoms bind to make a oxygen molecule.
A "model" of a physical process is used to represent what one actually observes, even though this is an "ideal" model and not expected to be correct in all respects. However, it is a good enough model to explain many of the properties of gases with sufficient accuracy.
The motion of gas particles can be used to explain the pressure exerted and the temperature of a gas. The pressure on a surface is due to the force on that surface divided by its area. The force comes about from the multiple impacts of individual gas particles. Temperature, on the other hand, is DEFINED in terms of the average kinetic energy assocated with the motion of the gas particles. The greater the kinetic energy, the greater the temperature. See the apparatus shown in Figure 7.6 of the text which gives a simple way of measuring the distributions of speeds of atomic particles.
To visualize how gas particles colliding with a container create pressure, see Website II.
Gas particles move in all possible directions with differing speeds. The Kinetic Energy (KE) of a gas particle is equal to 1/2 its mass times its speeds squared. That is KE = 1/2 M x V2 , where M is the mass of the gas particle and V is its speed. The gas particles have a range of speeds, just like cars on a road, but it is the average of the speed squared times the mass, or the average kinetic energy which characterizes the temperature of a gas.
High temperature is associated with high kinetic energies and low temperatures are associated with low kinetic energies. However, keep in mind that the kinetic energy, and in this case the temperature, is proportional to the mass times the speed squared. So heavy particles moving more slowly will have the same kinetic energy as light particles moving more rapidly. Also, because the kinetic energy varies as the square of the speed, if two particles have the same mass, but one moves twice as fast as the other, it will have four times the kinetic energy (or temperature).
If temperature is associated with kinetic energy of a gas, one could ask at this point what controls the temperature of solids and liquids. It turns out that it is the kinetic energy of the constituent atoms and molecules that characterize the temperature of liquids and solids as well. We show in class a transparency picturing a solid with its atoms rigidly connected to each other. We will discuss more about liquids and solids in the next lecture, based on chapter 8. However, for now, let's keep in mind that the atoms or molecules in a solid, although bound to its neighbors in a rigid structure, can oscillate back and forth, and it is this motion that characterizes the temperature of a solid (or in a similar manner, of a liquid as well). As before, rapid oscillations mean high temperatures, and slower oscillations are lower temperatures.
4 - The Three Temperature Scales
There are three temperature scales. In the United States, we commonly use the Farenheit scale while in most other nations, the Celsius or Centigrade scale is used. Figure 7.10 shows these two scales side by side. Water boils at 212 degrees Farenheit or 100 degrees Centigrade. Water freezes at 32 degrees Farenheit or zero degrees Centigrade. However, the most important temperature scale for scientific calculations is the absolute temperature scale, or the Kelvin scale. Zero degrees Kelvin is the coldest possible temperature: it can be physically interpreted as the situation where the atoms or molecules have zero kinetic energy...so this is a very natural temperature scale. Zero degrees Kelvin is also -273 degrees Centigrade. Water freezes at +273 degrees Kelvin and zero degrees Centigrate. Hence, a difference of one degree is the same on the Centigrade and Kelvin scales, but the zero points are different.
R.S. Panvini
9/2/2002Explanation:
3 Describe the two possible things that can happen if a charged object is brought near
another charged object,
4 Give one example of a balloon repelling another object, Explain why the balloon repelled
the object
Answer:
For two objects of charges q1 and q2, that are separated by a distance R, the force that each object suffers is given by the Coulomb's:
F = k*q1*q2/R^2
If both charges have the same sign, then we have a positive force, which means that the objects are "pushing" each other, then this is a repulsive force.
If instead, each object has a charge with a different sign, the force will be negative, then the objects will be pulling each other, and the force is an attractive force.
a) Whit this in mind, the two possible things that can happen if a charged object is near another charged object are:
The objects repel each other, which happens when both objects have charges with the same sign.
The objects attract each other, which happens when the objects have charges with a different sign.
b) A charged balloon most probably has a static charge (the type of charge that can be obtained by rubbing the balloon with a piece of cloth), which means that it has extra electrons, and we know that electrons have a negative charge, then we can assume that this balloon has a negative charge.
Then if we put another charged balloon (also with static charge) near our original balloon they will repel each other, this happens because both balloons have a negative charge.
Why do we need to take care of the surface water/groundwater?
Answer:
sghskm
rohit zimheisbwhx
A biker travels at an average speed of 18 km/h along a 0.30-km straight segment of a bike path. How much time ( in hours)does the biker take to travel this segment?
Answer:
The biker will take "0.016 hours".
Explanation:
The given values are:
Average speed,
[tex]V_{avg}[/tex] = 18 km/h
Distance,
d = 0.30 km
As we know,
⇒ [tex]V_{avg}=\frac{d}{t}[/tex]
or,
⇒ [tex]t=\frac{d}{V_{avg}}[/tex]
On substituting the values in the above formula, we get
⇒ [tex]=\frac{0.30 \ km}{18 \ km/h}[/tex]
⇒ [tex]=0.016 \ hours[/tex]
What is the acceleration of a 78kg ostrich exerting 438N of applied force running against a wind with 42N of air friction force?
Answer:idek
Explanation: sorry
100%
Sutt S
Kam Scheela MARIO MARTINEZ-HTPhysics.pdf
Test BGK
HW#10
Question: A pinball machine's plunger has a spring constant of 22
N/m and is compressed by 0.04 m to start a 0.006 kg pinball.
1. What is the elastic potential energy before the ball is released?
2. What is the kinetic energy of the pinball the instant it leaves the
spring?
3. What is the speed of the pinball the instant it leaves the spring?
4. If the pinball is moving at 1.3 m/s as it is deflected horizontally
across the top of the pinball machine, how much higher above the
ground is this part of its path when compared to its starting
position?
Squation
Drawing
Ta
Signature
Instructions.
Answer:
1. The elastic potential energy is 0.0176 Joules
2. The kinetic energy of the pinball the instant it leaves the spring is 0.0176 Joules
3. The speed of the pinball the instant it leaves the spring is approximately 2.42212 m/s
4. The height of the part where the pinball is located on the machine above the ground is approximately 0.213 meters
Explanation:
The spring constant of the pinball machine's plunger, k = 22 N/m
The amount by which the pinball machine's plunger is compressed, x = 0.04 m
The mass of the pinball ball, m = 0.006 kg
1. The elastic potential energy, P.E. = 1/2·k·x²
By substitution, we get;
P.E. = 1/2 × 22 N/m × (0.04 m)² = 0.0176 J
The elastic potential energy, P.E. = 0.0176 J
2. At the instant the pinball leaves the spring, the plunger and therefore the force of the plunger no longer acts on the pinball
Since there are no external forces acting on the pinball to increase the speed of the pinball after it leaves the spring, the velocity reached is its maximum velocity, and therefore, the kinetic energy, K.E. is the maximum kinetic energy which by the conservation of energy, is equal to the initial potential energy
Therefore;
K.E. = P.E. = 0.0176 J
The kinetic energy of the pinball the instant it leaves the spring, K.E.= 0.0176 J
3. The kinetic energy, K.E., is given by the following formula;
K.E. = 1/2·m·v²
Where;
v = The speed or velocity of the object having kinetic energy K.E.
Therefore, from K.E. = 0.0176 J, and by plugging in the values of the variables, we have;
K.E. = 0.0176 J = 1/2 × 0.006 kg × v²
v² = 0.0176 J/(1/2 × 0.006 kg) = 88/15 m²/s²
v = √(88/15 m²/s²) ≈ (2·√330)/15 m/s ≈ 2.42212 m/s
The speed of the pinball the instant it leaves the spring, v ≈ 2.42212 m/s
4. The height of the pinball is given by the following kinematic equation of motion;
[tex]v_h[/tex]² = u² - 2·g·h
Where;
[tex]v_h[/tex] = The velocity of the pinball at the given height = 1.3 m/s
u = v ≈ 2.42212 m/s (The initial velocity of the pinball as it the spring)
g = The acceleration due to gravity ≈ 9.8 m/s²
h = The height of the pinball above the ground
We get;
[tex]v_h[/tex]² = 1.3² = 2.42212² - 2 × 9.8 × h
∴ h = (2.42212² - 1.3²)/(2 × 9.8) ≈ 0.213
The height of the part where the pinball is located on the machine above the ground, h ≈ 0.213 m
A 2-inch, f/4 reflector has a focal length of:
6 inches
8 inches
4 inches
2 inches
A(n) ________________________ is a substance that slows down a chemical reaction.
endergonic
exergonic
exothermic
inhibitor
endothermic
Answer:
inhibitor
Explanation:
Inhibitors slow down chemical reactions. Inhibitors slow down or stop the activity of an enzyme.
i dont understand ..............
Take the upward and to-the-right directions to be positive (so down and to-the-left are negative).
The vertical forces acting on the object cancel, 6 N - 6 N = 0.
The horizontal forces exert a net force of 20 N - 3 N = 17 N. This net force is positive, so it points to the right. So the answer is A.
can someone please help me A wave’s velocity is 120 m/sec with a frequency of 6 Hz. What is its wavelength?
Answer:
by using formula,
wavelength= velocity/frequency
= 120/6
= 20 meter
Ans: 20 meter
Answer:
wavelength= velocity
= 120/6= 20 meter
Explanation:
PLS HELPP!! I will make brainliest!!
Nuclear reactions occur when the nuclei of two different atoms collide to produce products that are different from the starting substances. How is this similar to a chemical change?
a. a chemical change can easily be reversed.
b. in a chemical change, mass can be created
c. in a chemical change, energy can be created
d. in a chemical change, a new substance forms
Nuclear reactions are independent of the chemical form of the element.
Chemical reactions, on the other hand, involve only a rearrangement of electrons and do not involve changes in the nuclei.
D.
What's a real-life example of Newton's Second Law?
What phase of matter are the particles least energetic, most dense, and best organized?
A. Plasma
B. Gas
C. Liquid
D. Solid
Explain the difference between velocity and acceleration.
Answer:
velocity has direction and acceleration doesn't
Explain in detail what you would experience
throughout the year if the axis of the Earth was not
tilted.
Explanation:
Scientists think an Earth without a tilt would be stratified into climate bands that would get progressively colder as you moved away from the equator. Humans would never survive the continuous winter of the high latitudes, and so we would likely congregate in the planet's tropical midsection.
I hope it's helpful!
a wagon of mass 42 kg is pushed by a student a distance of 12.2 meters, and 297 j of work was sone on the wagon how much force did the student apply assuming that it was constant
Answer:
Force=2.484 N
Explanation:
[tex]f = \frac{w}{gh} \\ = \frac{297}{9.8 \times 12.2} \\ f = 2.484 \: n [/tex]
Hope it helped
PLS mark BRAINLIEST
A wagon of mass 42 kg is pushed by a student a distance of 12.2 meters, and 297 j of work was done on the wagon force did the student apply is 24.34 N.
What is force?A force is an effect that can alter an object's motion according to physics. An object with mass can change its velocity, or accelerate, as a result of a force. An obvious way to describe force is as a push or a pull. A force is a vector quantity since it has both magnitude and direction.
work = force*distance
force = work/distance
force = 297/12.2
force = 24.34 N
A wagon of mass 42 kg is pushed by a student a distance of 12.2 meters, and 297 j of work was done on the wagon force did the student apply is 24.34 N.
To learn more about force refer to the link:
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A 1400-kg car is moving at a speed of 35 m/s. How much kinetic energy does the car have (in Joules)?
Answer:
857.5Kjoules
Explanation:
Using K. E=1/2 Mv^2
=1/2x1400x35x35
=857500joules
=857.5KJ
PLEASE HELP ASAP!!!
GIVING BRAINLIEST!!!
40 points!!
Answer:
According to me Option is the right answer
A. 8,400 J
what physical properties dose Neon have?
Answer:
Explanation:
It is a colorless, tasteless odorless inert gas.
It changes to reddish-orange color in vacuum tube.
It is chemically inactive.
It has the lowest liquid range of any element.
HELP!! AM I CORRECT?? PLS TELL ME, IF U ANSWER PROPERLY I'LL GIVE U BRAINLIEST!!
Answer:ur right I think
Explanation:
Answer:
HON, i'm going to be honest, i'm not sure but it sounds like it is the Universal Expansion from what I learned about space
I'm sure this helps but if it doesn't DON'T GIVE ME BRAINLIEST, if it does then do
So this is physics any suggestions?
Answer:
8. GPE
9. KE
Explanation:
GPE=mgh
KE=(1/2)mv^2
a car is driven off a cliff at 39 m/s. It lands 141 m from the base. How high
above the ground is it when its speed through the air is 45 m/s?
Answer: A
Explanation: STEP BY STEP
Use Gauss's Law to find the electric field produced by an infinite plane of uniformly distributed charge Q, with charge density σ. Draw the appropriate Gaussian Surface
Answer:
Explanation:
Consider an endless sheet of uniform charge thickness per unit area [tex]\sigma[/tex]
For a boundless sheet of charge, the electric field will be opposite to the surface. In this way, just the closures of a round and hollow Gaussian surface will add to the electric transition. For this situation, around and hollow Gaussian surface opposite to the charge sheet is utilized. The subsequent field is a large portion of that of a conductor at harmony with this surface charge thickness.
By balance, we expect the electric field on one or the other side of a plane to be an element of x just to be guided typical to the plane and to point away from/towards the plane contingent upon whether, [tex]\sigma[/tex] is positive/negative.
According to the law;
[tex]2EA = \dfrac{q_{enc}}{\varepsilon_o}[/tex]
[tex]where; \ q_{enc} = total \ enclosed charge = \sigma A \\ \\ thus; \\ \\ 2EA = \dfrac{\sigma A}{\varepsilon_o} \\ \\ E = \dfrac{\sigma}{2 \varepsilon _o}[/tex]
Which of these statements is true about the effect of a force exerted upon an object?
a. A large force always produces a large change in the object's momentum.
b. A small force always produces a large change in the object's momentum.
c. A small force applied over a long time interval can produce a large change in the object's momentum.
d. A large force produces a large change in the object's momentum only if the force is applied over a very short time interval.
Answer:
d. A large force produces a large change in the object’s momentum only if the force is applied over a very short time interval.
Explanation:
Momentum can be defined as the multiplication (product) of the mass possessed by an object and its velocity. Momentum is considered to be a vector quantity because it has both magnitude and direction.
Mathematically, momentum is given by the formula;
[tex] Momentum = mass * velocity [/tex]
Also, the impulse of an object is given by the formula;
[tex] Impulse = force * time [/tex]
In accordance with the impulse-momentum theorem, the statement which is true about the effect of a force exerted upon an object is that a large force produces a large change in the object’s momentum only if the force is applied over a very short time interval.
Please answer this question.
Answer:
150.15 J
Explanation:
From the question given above, the following data were obtained:
Mass (m) = 5 kg
Height (h) = 3 m
Kinetic energy (KE) =?
Next, we shall determine the velocity of the toy before hitting the ground. This can be obtained as follow:
Initial velocity (u) = 0 m/s
Height (h) = 3 m
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s²
Final velocity (v) =?
v² = u² + 2gh
v² = 0² + (2 × 10 × 3)
v² = 0 + 60
v² = 60
Take the square root of both side
v = √60
v = 7.75 m/s
Thus, the velocity of the toy before hitting the ground is 7.75 m/s.
Finally, we shall determine the kinetic energy of the toy before hitting the ground. This can be obtained as follow:
Mass (m) = 5 kg
Velocity (v) = 7.75 m/s.
Kinetic energy (KE) =?
KE = ½mv²
KE = ½ × 5 × 7.75²
KE = 2.5 × 60.06
KE = 150.15 J
Thus, the kinetic energy of the toy before hitting the ground is 150.15 J
Newton's Laws
Bode made a rocket using an empty plastic bottle and fins made out of cardboard. After partially filling the bottle with water, he
pumps air into the bottle using a pump attached to the rocket with plastic tubes. When the pressure in the bottle becomes high
enough the water gushes out and launches the rocket into the air, as shown in the diagram below.
Rocket
Pressurized Air
Water
Pump
-Launch Tube
Image modified courtesy of NASA
How does the force that causes the water to leave the rocket compare to the force that causes the rocket to launch?
They are ental
Answer:They are equal and act in opposite directions.
Explanation:Newton's third law of motion states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. In the case of Bode's rocket, the pressurized air in the bottle forces the water to gush downward out of the bottle, causing the rocket to launch upward into the air. The force of the water gushing downward is equal to the upward force on the rocket. So, the two forces are equal and act in opposite directions.
The force that causes the water to leave the rocket compared to the force that causes the force to launch is equal but opposite in direction.
What is Newton's law?There is a threes law given by the scientist newton in relation to the motion. The first law tells that if a body is in stop mode, then they become in motion once an external force is applied to them. The second law tells that force is equal to the product of mass and acceleration of the body. The third law tells that if you apply force to an object, then the object also applies force in reaction.
According to Newton's third law, the rocket applies force to the water, then the water also exerts a force on the rocket.
In the instance of Bode's rocket, the bottle's pressured air causes the water to pour out of the bottle downward, which causes the rocket to shoot upward into the air. The upward force on the rocket is equivalent to the force of the water pouring down. Therefore, the two forces are equivalent and exert opposing forces.
To know more about Newton's law:
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Read the passage.
The moon is one-fourth the size of Earth, and the moon’s gravity is about one-sixth of Earth’s. Less gravity and no atmosphere means that objects travel farther when thrown on the moon.
Based on the information provided, what visual information would be most helpful to include with the passage?
a chart comparing the sizes of the moon and the Earth
a diagram showing how gravity affects the path of a thrown object
a photograph of a child throwing a ball for a dog to catch
a graph comparing distances traveled by objects thrown on Earth and the moon
its d
Answer:
d in my opinion is the most opitmal answer
Explanation:
aka a graph comparing distances traveled by objects thrown on Earth and the moon
Answer:
Its d
Explanation:
a graph comparing distances traveled by objects thrown on Earth and the moon
the relationship between force and acceleration verification of Newton second law of motion
Answer:
below
Explanation:
According to Newtons Second Law of Motion, also known as the Law of Force and Acceleration, a force upon an object causes it to accelerate according to the formula net force = mass x acceleration. So the acceleration of the object is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass.
Can someone answer this form me i need help!!!
a stone is dropped from the top of a tower 400 m high and at the same time another stone is projected upward vertically from the ground with a velocity of 100 m/s. find where and when the two stones will meet.
Answer:The stones will be at the same height of 62.59 feets 4.4 seconds later.
Explanation:
Why the same side of the moon is always facing Earth?
A.The time it takes the moon to rotate one time and the time it takes Earth to rotate one time are the same.
B.The time it takes the moon to rotate one time and the time it takes theEarth to orbit the sun one time are the same.
C.The time it takes the moon to rotate one time and the time it takes the moon to orbit Earth one time are the same.
D.The time it takes the moon to orbit Earth one time and the time it takes the Earth to orbit the moon one time are the same.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
the moon rotates exactly once every time it circles the Earth.