Question 4

3 pts

Which if the following elements will not reach an octet when in a bond?

Calcium

O Lithium

Magnesium

O Carbon

Ouestion 5

2.87 g of silver chloride can be made by reacting 200.0 mL of calcium chloride with 170.0 mL of silver nitrate, both of which have a 0.23 M silver nitrate concentration. Chemically, silver chloride is a substance.

AgCl is the chemical formula for this. It is generally known that this white crystalline substance is only weakly soluble in water. Silver chloride changes from grey to black or purplish in hue upon illumination or heating, indicating the presence of silver. As the mineral chlorargyrite, AgCl can be found in nature. Chemical processes take place everywhere around us, from the food our bodies metabolize to how the sunlight we receive is produced.

silver chloride mass: m (AgCl)=0.02*143,32g/mole=2.87 g, where n (AgCl) = (0.02*2)/2=0.02 moles.

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The carbon atom is in the center of the structure and is surrounded by four hydrogen atoms.

Structure is an organized arrangement of elements, such as components, materials, people, or ideas. It is a way of organizing and arranging the components of a system in order to achieve a desired outcome.

The most likely Lewis dot structure for methane (CH4) is the following:
The carbon atom is in the center of the structure and is surrounded by four hydrogen atoms. Each hydrogen atom has one electron in its outer shell, and the carbon atom has four electrons in its outer shell. All of the atoms are arranged in a tetrahedral shape, which matches the molecular geometry of methane.

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This double displacement reaction and the coefficients of all the reactants and products in this balanced chemical reaction is Bacl₂ + Na₂CO₃ = BaCO₃ + 2Nacl.

A double displacement reaction is a particular type of reaction in which two reactants swap ions to produce two new molecules. Water-soluble ionic compounds interact with one another in a number of double displacement processes.

Coefficients are the numbers or expressions put in front of a chemical symbol or formula to balance chemical equations. It provides information on the number of atoms or molecules of the drug or chemical that are a part of the reaction.

When two or more compounds come into touch with one another and create a new substance, the process is known as a chemical reaction (s). Reactants or reagents are the name(s) for the substance(s) or substances that are initially incorporated into the chemical process. Chemical reactions typically involve a chemical change and produce one or more products, which typically differ from the reactants in some ways.

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The element that has a number of electrons 14 is silicon.

Any material that is totally composed of the same kinds of atoms is said to be an element. For instance, the element carbon is made up entirely of carbon atoms. The number of protons in an atom is indicated by the element's atomic number. The quantity of protons and electrons inside a neutral atom must match.

An element's position on the periodic table is also indicated by its atomic number.

An element possesses 14 electrons, as stated in the question. Since this suggests that it must contain 14 protons, its atomic number must be 14.

In order to locate the element, we must first put down any potential electronic configurations for the element:

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p²

In the outermost shell, there are four electrons. The element therefore has 4 electrons in its valence shell. Therefore, this element's period number is 4.

Additionally, the element's group number will be equivalent to:

(Valence electrons + 10) or (4 + 10) equals the 14th group

The element is a p-block element as a result. And silicon is the element that corresponds to the 14th group and 4th period of the periodic table.

Thus, silicon, which possesses 14 electrons, is the correct answer.

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The orbitals within subshells are filled in the sequence of increasing energy. The filling can choose from the 5s, 4d, as well as 5p sub-shells. Consequently, there are 18 total components in period 5.

There are 18 atoms in the 5th grade of the periodic table, never 32. Reason l=0, 1, 2, and 3 and n=5. The energy of the accessible electron shells 4d, 5s, and 5p grows in the correct sequence: 5s4d5p. and since there are a total of 9 accessible orbitals, 18 electrons could fit.

The fourth period includes 18 elements owing to the 10 extra electrons which the 3d orbitals can hold since the 3d sublevel doesn't really fill before the 4s sublevel.

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a). Convection is a mode or process of heat transfer for solids and liquids.

Convection is a process of heat transfer that occurs through the movement of fluids. It is the main mode of heat transfer in liquids and gases and is commonly used to transfer heat between two solid objects.

During convection, heat is transferred by the movement of particles or molecules in the fluid. The heat is transferred by the interaction of the particles or molecules with each other and the objects they come into contact with.

The particles or molecules that are hotter will transfer energy to the particles or molecules that are cooler. This causes the cooler particles or molecules to become hotter, resulting in heat transfer from one object to the other.

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A chemist determined that moles of silver participated in a chemical reaction using measurements. The mass of silver involved in the chemical reaction is 1.08 grams.

Moles of silver participated = 0.01

Molar mass of silver = 108 gram/mole

Weight of silver participated= mole* molar mass

                                                = 0.01*108 gram

                                                = 1.08 gram

A chemist (from the Greek chm(a) alchemy; replacing chymist from Medieval Latin alchemist)  is a scientist who studies chemistry. Chemists investigate the structure and properties of matter. Chemists meticulously describe the properties of molecules and their constituent atoms in terms of quantities. Chemists carefully measure the proportions of substances, the rates of chemical reactions, and other chemical properties. Pharmacists are commonly referred to as chemists in Commonwealth English.

Chemists apply their knowledge to learn the composition and properties of new substances, as well as to reproduce and synthesize large quantities of useful naturally occurring substances and to create new artificial substances and processes.

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Answer:

The Bohr model of the atom was replaced by the quantum mechanical model because it was unable to explain the behavior of electrons in atoms. The quantum mechanical model was able to explain the behavior of electrons in atoms more accurately.

Explanation:

The gas will have a volume of 25.0 mL at a pressures of 60 kPa or a temperature of 200 K.

The average kinetic potential of the particle in a system is measured by temperature. Temperature is measured using thermometers, which measure the temperature of a system by taking a reading of the system's average kinetic energy. Temperature is measured in degrees, with higher temperatures indicating a higher average kinetic energy. Temperature can be affected by a variety of factors, including the amount of energy added to or removed from a system, the number of particles present in the system, and the type of particles present in the system.

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Making people aware of how terrible hunger and poverty are in contemporary society is the aim of A Modest Proposal.

These kinds of problems are still important in today's culture and are not only confined to Swift's day. Jonathan Swift wrote an article titled "A Modest Proposal" that discusses hunger and poverty. Swift created it in 1729 as a means of drawing attention to how terrible these issues were.Most likely, this idea did seem excessive to many of his contemporaries, especially if they failed to grasp the text's satirical and sarcastic tone. Swift is trying to make a point about how things between the rich English and the poor Irish have gotten out of hand.

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The percent composition of vanadium in the ore is 1A: 10.8%, and the percent composition of lead is 2B: 73.2%.

Vanadinite (Pb₅ (VO₄)₃Cl) = 1250 grams

Pure vanadium= 135 grams

Pure lead = 915 grams

Percent composition of vanadium =?

Percent composition of lead  =?

The formula to find the percent composition is as follows:

Percent composition =(substance mass in grams/ sample mass in grams) × 100

1: Now solving to find the percent composition of vanadium by putting values in the formula:

Percent composition of vanadium =  (vanadium mass/sample mass) × 100

Percent composition of vanadium =  (135 g/ 1250 g) × 100

Percent composition of vanadium =  10.8 %

2: Now finding the  percent composition of lead by using the same formula:

Percent composition of lead     = (lead mass/sample mass) × 100

Percent composition of lead    = (915 g / 1,250 g) × 100

Percent composition of lead    =  73.2%

"

Complete question:

What are the percent compositions of vanadium and lead?

A metallurgist begins with 1,250 grams of vanadinite (pb5(vo4)3cl) and ends up with 135 grams of pure vanadium and 915 grams of pure lead.

The percent composition of vanadium in the ore is ______ , and the percent composition of lead is ________ .

OPTIONS:

1.

A. 10.8%

B. 14.3%

C. 14.8%

D. 62.4%

2.

A. 55.6%

B. 73.2%

C. 16.0%

D. 23.8%

"

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Answer:

10.8%

73.2%

Explanation:

I just did the test and its right on  plato, Have a great a day!

the amount of bromoethane (in milli- liters) that are used in this reaction is 74.13ml.

Mol wt of P-Acetamido phenol = 151.16. Mol wt of  Bromoethane  = 108.97. Mol wt of  Acetophenetidin (product) = 179.22. Paraacetamido phenol, mol wt=151.16. Bromoethane= 108.97. By the law of mass action, 151.16 g P-Acetamido phenol will react 108.97g Bromoethane to get 179.22 g Acetophenetidin (product) and 80.91 g Hydrobromic acid as a bye product. Since the density of Bromoethane = 1.47g/cc, the quantity of Bromoethane in milliliters = 108.97/1.47 = 74.13 ml. Activated carbon, also known as activated charcoal, is a form of carbon that has been processed to have small, low-volume pores that increase the surface area available for adsorption or chemical reactions.  Activated carbon is used for a wide range of industrial and environmental applications, including purifying air and water, removing impurities from liquids and gases, and recovering valuable chemicals. In the laboratory, activated carbon is commonly used to purify organic compounds, remove dissolved gases from liquids, and purify water.

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Here is the Conclusion 240. Heat energy affects a substance’s intermolecular forces as the substance changes between states.

Heat energy increases during the following state changes

Solid - (melting)

Liquid -gas (evaporation)

Solid- gas (sublimation)

Heat energy decreases during the following state changes

Gas- liquid (condensation)

Liquid → solid (freezing)

Gas –solid (deposition)

An intermolecular force (IMF) (or secondary force) is the force that mediates the interaction of molecules, including electromagnetic forces of attraction or repulsion that act between atoms and other types of nearby particles, such as atoms or ions.

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The  heat energy required, in joules, to melt 5.00 x 10² grams of ice at 0.0°C. 2016.6 J.

When the temperature rises, molecules and atoms move faster and collide, creating heat generated (also known as heat energy). Thermal energy is the heat that results from heated substance's temperatures.

The following phrase may be used to determine the change in heat energy in a process like melting.

S = H * m / T

where:

S = entropy [kJ]

H = fusion heat = 3.36*10¹ [J/kg]

m = mass = 0.02 [kg]

T = temperature in kelvin = 273 [K]

S = 0.02 * 5.00 * 10² / (273 + 0)

S = 2016.6 J

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The complete question is -

Calculate the heat energy of 5.00 * 10² g of ice when it melts at 0.0°C. The heat of fusion of ice is 3.36 x 10'J/kg.

The molarity when .772 moles are dissolved in .500 Liters of water is 0.0015M. The molarity when .453 moles are dissolved in .450 Liters of water is 0.001M.

The term molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved in per litre of solution. The unit of molarity is mole, which is denoted by the symbol "M".

M = Number of moles of solute / litre in solution

1. Number of moles of solute = .772 moles

so, 0.772 / 500

= 0.0015 M

2. Number of moles of solute =  .453 moles

so, .453 / 450

= 0.001 M

Thus, The molarity when .772 moles are dissolved in .500 Liters of water is 0.0015M. The molarity when .453 moles are dissolved in .450 Liters of water is 0.001M.

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 Phlogiston theory is wrong as it states that when petrol burns in air phlogiston is lost in  air so the mass decreases but as per law of conservation of mass , mass never increases or decreases rather it is constant.

According to law of conservation of mass, it is evident that mass is neither created nor destroyed rather it is restored at the end of a chemical reaction .

Law needs to be modified in accordance with laws of quantum mechanics under the principle of mass and energy equivalence.This law was proposed by Antoine Lavoisier in the year 1789.

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An alkene is subjected to an oxymercuration demercuration reaction sequence to attain a synthetic aim is the conversion of an alkene into an alcohol.

The oxymercuration reaction involves the addition of a hydroxymercury(II) compound (Hg(OH)2 or Hg(OAc)2) to the alkene in the presence of a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH). This results in the formation of an intermediate alkoxymercury(II) compound, which can then be converted into an alcohol through the demercuration step. In the demercuration step, the alkoxymercury(II) compound is treated with a reducing agent, such as sodium borohydride (NaBH4), which reduces the mercury(II) to mercury(0) and converts the alkoxymercury(II) compound into an alcohol. In summary, the oxymercuration-demercuration reaction sequence is a two-step process that converts an alkene into an alcohol by adding a hydroxymercury(II) compound to the alkene in the presence of a base and then reducing the intermediate alkoxymercury(II) compound with a reducing agent.

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Thermal energy increases before the water begins to boil.

Thermal energy is produced when the atoms and molecules in matter vibrate faster due to an increase in temperature. As the average kinetic energy of its particles increases, the thermal energy of the object increases.

After reaching water at its boiling point thermal energy remain same because temperature remain constant after reaching once at boiling point. Thermal energy is directly proportional to temperature. Hence, chef will notice two phenomena during water begins to boil.

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You may determine the number of moles of solution you need by multiplying the volume in liters (4.00L) by the solution's molar concentration (0.250M), and then by the mass of sodium hydroxide (39.99 g/mol) in molar form. 1L = 39.99g × 4.00L x 0.250 M x 39.99g

The number sodium hydroxide of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of a solution is known as its molarity.

where,

250 mM Molarity =

moles of solute = n

= liquid volume in milliliters = 4L = 4000 ml

Now, using the molarity formula to combine all the values provided, we obtain

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Answer:

Explanation:

The equation for calculating the amount of heat released is:

q = mcΔT

where:

q = heat released (in joules)

m = mass of the substance (in grams)

c = specific heat capacity (in J/g·°C)

ΔT = change in temperature (in degrees Celsius)

Given:

m = 30 g

ΔT = 96°C - 25°C = 71°C

c = 4.184 J/g·°C (for water)

so

q = (30 g)(4.184 J/g·°C)(71°C) = 8.91*71 = 635.11 J

Therefore, 635.11 J of heat is released when 30g of water cools down from 96 degree celsius to 25 degree celsius

Note that this calculation is valid only if the process is adiabatic or no heat is exchanged with the environment.

According to the concept of Avogadro's number and STP conditions volume in liters of the sample is 15,388.7.

Avogadro's number is defined as a proportionality factor which relates number of constituent particles with the amount of substance which is present in the sample.

According to the definitions, Avogadro's number depend on determined value of mass of one atom of those elements.It bridges the gap between macroscopic and microscopic world by relating amount of substance with number of particles.

Number of atoms can be calculated using Avogadro's number as follows: mass/molar mass×Avogadro's number

Number of moles is obtained as, number of atoms/Avogadro's number=4.088×10²⁴/6.023×10²³=6.78 moles on substitution in formula of PV=nRT=V=6.78×8.314×273/1=15,388.7 liters.

Thus, the volume is 15,388.7 liters of the sample.

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The first mistake that the student made is drawing the start line with ink. So it will run/dissolve in the solvent / split up

The second mistake that the student made is placing the solvent above the spots or start line instead of under them. So they will mix with solvent or wash off paper or color the solvent or dissolve in the solvent.

In the first mistake, there is no clear, visible starting line for the experiment as the ink flows or dissolves in the solvent. This error can lead to confusion and inaccuracy in results as students cannot accurately measure or compare the progress of their experiments.

The second mistake, it mixes or washes away the solvent with the dirt and starts the line, making it difficult or impossible to observe or measure the progress of the experiment. This error can also lead to inaccuracies in results, as students may not be able to accurately measure or compare the progress of their experiments.

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Answer:

0,5 moles

Explanation:

N = L × n

n = N ÷ L

n = 2,87 × 10²³ ÷ 6,02 × 10²³

n = 2,87 ÷ 6,02

n = 0,47 moles or 0,5 moles

Answer: I belive it is HH to h-c-n

Explanation: yea

Answer:

Student C.

Explanation:

At higher temperatures, the particles move faster and collide with each other more frequently, which causes the gas to occupy a larger volume. At lower temperatures, the particles move slower and collide less frequently, which causes the gas to occupy a smaller volume.

When the balloon is placed in the freezer, the temperature inside the balloon will also decrease, causing the gas particles to slow down and collide less frequently, which leads to a decrease in the volume of the gas, hence the balloon will shrink or contract. On the other hand, the room temperature balloon will experience no significant change in the temperature and the gas particles inside the balloon will remain at the same level of activity, causing the balloon to retain the same volume.

The best way to prepare 3-methoxypentane via the Williamson method is : D). CH3 I + (CH3CH2)2CHONa.

The most used technique for making ethers is the Williamson ether synthesis. A metal alkoxide displaces a halide ion from an alkyl halide in an SN2 reaction, which is how it happens. An alcohol and a potent base, such as sodium hydride, react to form the alkoxide ion.

Williamson synthesis is employed in the creation of both simple and mixed ethers. Alcoholic sodium or potassium alkoxide is heated with alkyl halide to create the appropriate ethers. ROR+NaX ROR+ONa+X. Methyl iodide produces dimethyl ether when heated in the presence of alcoholic sodium methoxide.

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Answer: Hot water freezes faster.

Explanation: It is because of the Mpemba effect taking place, and even though it seems impossible, it could have less dissolved gas in it, or even take up less mass because of this.

The periodic repetition of properties of elements is due to the regular arrangement of electrons in the atoms of those elements. This regular arrangement is known as the "periodic table" of elements. This is due to the behavior of electrons in atoms and the increasing number of valence electrons as atomic number increases, resulting in a regular pattern of electron configurations and properties.

Elements are arranged in the periodic table according to increasing atomic number. Elements in the same vertical row (group) have similar chemical and physical properties, and elements in the same horizontal row (period) have similar electronic configurations of their atoms.

The reason for this repeating periodic property is the behavior of the electrons in the atoms. As the atomic number increases, the number of protons in the nucleus increases, and the number of electrons in the atom increases. These electrons occupy different energy levels or shells around the atomic nucleus. The outermost shell electrons, the so-called valence electrons, are responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms and participate in chemical bonds. As the atomic number increases, the number of valence electrons in the atom increases. This results in a regular pattern of electron configurations and thus a regular pattern of properties.

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The elements with the highest ionization energy are the noble gases, which are located in the upper right corner of the periodic table. These elements include helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. These elements have a full valence electron shell, meaning that they have the maximum number of electrons possible in their outermost energy level. This makes them very stable and resistant to chemical reactions, as they do not have any electrons that can be easily removed or added.

As a result, they have very high ionization energy, meaning that a large amount of energy is required to remove an electron and form an ion. Due to these properties, these elements are not readily reactive with other elements and tend to exist as diatomic molecules or as individual atoms. These elements are used in a variety of industrial, medical, and everyday applications such as in lighting, refrigeration, and as inert gases in medical equipment and in the manufacturing of semiconductors.

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The situation that best describes the effect of a limiting reactant is that when there is not enough A reactant to react with whole B.

The limiting reactant, also known as the limiting reagent, is the reactant that is used first during a chemical reaction, hence restricting the amount of product that can be produced. The limiting reactant can be identified in a variety of methods ,but they all require employing mole ratios from the balanced chemical equation.

The theoretical yield is the maximum quantity of product possible given the limiting reactant. The quantity of product actually procured, or actual yield, is usually always less than the theoretical yield. The percentage yield used to describe the actual yield indicates what portion of the theoretical yield was attained.

In the equation there is only one situation which describes the effect of limiting reagent when there is not enough of A to react with whole B.

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Prevent the spread of dusts and vapors.Neutralize acids and bases, if feasible. Manage the spread of the liquid.absorb the liquid.Gather and incorporate the cleanup residues. Get rid of the wastes. Decontaminate the area and affected system.

Chemical spills are the uncontrolled launch of a dangerous chemical, both as a strong, liquid or a gas. these spills need to be minimized as tons as possible.

Chemical spills usually result from the dangerous handling of chemical compounds, incorrect chemical storage, chemical garage tank ruptures, incorrect containers for chemical disposal, and failure to eliminate chemical substances in a well timed way.

There are sorts of spills that you can run into: simple Chemical Spills and complex Chemical Spills. easy Chemical Spills are small, confined, and present minimal dangers.

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