Stress levels and depressive symptoms in NICU mothers in the early postpartum period Anna Alkozei , Erin McMahon:
What is stress?Stress is a normal human reaction that happens to everyone. In fact, the human body is designed to experience stress and react to it. When you experience changes or challenges (stressors), your body produces physical and mental responses.
There are 5 stages of stress:
Stage 1: Fight or Flight. We perceive some kind of threat.Stage 2: Damage control.Stage 4: Adaption. Stage 5: Burnout.INTERPRETATION-
Objective:
This study examined whether particular maternal and infant factors can identify mothers at risk for increased stress upon admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods:
Eighty-five mothers of preterm infants (25–34 weeks gestation) were assessed using the Parental Stressor Scale (PSS:NICU) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) within 3.24 ± 1.58 d postpartum. Hierarchical linear regression models were used to determine the extent to which maternal stress is influenced by individual factors.
Results:
Fifty-two percent of mothers experienced increased stress (PSS:NICU score ≥3) and 38% had significant depressive symptoms (EPDS score ≥10). Stress related to alterations in parental role was the most significant source of stress among NICU mothers. Distance from the hospital and married marital status were significant predictors for stress related to alterations in parental role (p = 0.003) and NICU sights and sounds (p = 0.01), respectively. Higher stress levels were associated with higher depressive scores (p = 0.001). Maternal mental health factors, demographic factors, pregnancy factors and infant characteristics were not associated with increased stress.
Conclusion:
Elevated stress levels and depressive symptoms are already present in mothers of preterm infants upon NICU admission. Being married or living long distance from the hospital is associated with higher stress. Future work is needed to develop effective interventions for alleviating stress in NICU mothers and preventing its potential development into postnatal depression.
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If roxanne, who suffers from episodic depression, wants to have the best long-term improvement, which lifestyle change would be the least effective?
If roxanne, who suffers from episodic depression, wants to have the best long-term improvement, aromatherapy would be the least effective.
Aromatherapy is the usage of essential oils for therapeutic purposes. Aromatherapy has been in use since a long time. When inhaled, the aromatic molecules in essential oil travel directly from the olfactory nerves to the brain, where they have specific effects on the brain's emotional center, the amygdala.
In case of Roxanne who suffers from episodic depression, medications and psychotherapy would be the most effective. Although, there are many people with depression who also have benefited from seeing a psychiatrist, psychologist or other mental health professional.
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Answer:
aromatherapy
Explanation:
Let's say one person is going 30 mph and crashes into a stopped car and you are going 60 mph and crash. How much more powerful is your crash?
In a case whereby one person is going 30 mph and crashes into a stopped car and I am going 60 mph and crash, my crash will be four times greater.
What is Speed and why would I have a greater crash?Speed can be regarded as the distance per unit of time.
It should be noted that the it shows the fastness of an object, hence since i am moving at higher speed i will have a greater crash, hence,In a case whereby one person is going 30 mph and crashes into a stopped car and I AM going 60 mph and crash, my crash will be four times greater.
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Children may be placed in restraining devices such as high chairs, swings or bouncy seats:
No more than one hour per day
While the caretaker or teacher is busy with other tasks
No more than 15 to 30 minutes per interval and no more than twice per day
As long as the child remains content
Children may be placed in restraining devices such as high chairs, swings or bouncy seats because while the caretaker or teacher is busy with other tasks. Thus, option (b) is correct.
What is device?
A machine that is utilized to do a certain task is referred to as a “device.” This task is carried out using the equipment. A device can be a machine, tool, or piece of gear. Device is the name for an electrical item. As an illustration, consider the iPhone, netbooks, laptops, PCs, e-readers, and the iPhone.
Devices are more appealing to kids and children. The gadgets' use is more adaptable. Children find the gadgets appealing because they may use them to learn the alphabet, numbers, poetry, rhymes, tales, good habits, and games.
Children's usage of technology under parental oversight and observation Children are playing in high chairs, swings, or bouncy seats as the caregiver is occupied with other duties.
Therefore, option (b) is correct.
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In interpreting a dream, a psychoanalyst would attempt to discover the dream's ________ content.
When a psychoanalyst interprets a dream, they would be trying to discover the latent content.
What is latent content in dreams?The latent content of a dream refers to what psychoanalysts believe to be the hidden meaning that a dream has in the psychological sense.
This concept was first espoused by Sigmund Freud who believed that the dreams we have are simply based on the subconscious and not things that we can easily see or notice.
These dreams would have latent content which come as symbols which then need to be interpreted. Psychoanalysts try to interpret these latent content as best they can because they can be the result of traumatic experiences.
In conclusion, the psychoanalysts looks for latent content.
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Use of e-cigarettes among high school students more than doubled between 2011 and 2015.
a. true
b. false
Its true trend of continued e-cigarette use in US high school students is shown in Table 2.3b and Figure 2.1 using NYTS 2011-2015 data. The prevalence of constant use increased from 4.7% in 2011 to 10% in 2012, 11.9% in 2013, 27.3% in 2014, and 37.7% in 2015.
Current e-cigarette use in junior high school Student e-cigarette use increased from 0.6% in 2011 to 4.9% in 2018. In 2017-1018 alone, the current reported use by junior high school students increased from 3.3% to 4 with e-cigarettes.
Between 2011 and 2015, current e-cigarette use by U.S. students increased from 1.5% to 16.0%, then declined to 11.3% in 2016 and remained flat at 11.7% in 2017.
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Mara finds that the correlation between variables a and b is .43, while the correlation between variables a and c is -.78. These results indicate that:____.
Mara finds that the correlation between variables a and b is .43, while the correlation between variables a and c is -.78. These results indicate that: The correlation between A and C is stronger than the correlation between A and B.
A correlation coefficient, represented by the symbol r, quantifies the strength of the link. It is a measurement of linear connection and is occasionally referred to as Pearson's correlation coefficient after its creator. Other and more complex measurements of the correlation must be utilised if a curved line is required to represent the connection.
A scale from + 1 to -1 is used to calculate the correlation coefficient. Either + 1 or -1 represents a variable's complete connection with another. The correlation is positive when one variable rises as the other rises; it is negative when one variable falls as the other rises.
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Emergency calls to a telecommunications center must be handled quickly in order to:___.
Emergency calls to a telecommunications center must be handled quickly in order to avoid scrutiny to media.
The central location that receives all emergency calls and routes calls to fire, emergency medical, or law enforcement dispatchers is: the media center. Emergency communications may include alerts and warnings; evacuation instructions, curfews and other self-protection measures; and information on the status of the response, family members, available support and other issues affecting response and recovery.
Widespread radio communication is the most common form of communication you can use in an emergency. The latest wide-area technology allows two-way radios to reach up to 300 miles. You won't have to worry about radio line interference like a typical cell phone line in an emergency. In the event of a major emergency or disaster, cell towers, landlines and the Internet may fail, so consider an alternative source of communication such as a radio. The operation of an amateur radio depends on a radio and transceiver, a good antenna, batteries, and shortwave radio frequency bands.
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An attack on the us power grid by terrorists or a foreign power is indicative of _____.
An attack on the us power grid by terrorists or a foreign power is indicative of Cyber warfare
The employment of cyberattacks against an adversary state to disrupt critical computer systems and/or inflict damage on the same scale as physical conflict is known as cyberwarfare. Espionage, sabotage, propaganda, manipulation, and economic warfare are a few possible desired effects.
The definition of cyberwarfare and whether it even exists are hotly contested topics among specialists. One argument against the phrase is that no cyberattacks to date may be classified as acts of war. An alternate perspective is that it is a fair term for cyberattacks that result in actual-world physical harm to people and objects.
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Jeff believes he is deserving and entitled to the finer things in life, so he finds it entirely justifiable to open a fraudulent charity and spend the donated money not on helping the poor, but on upgrading his lifestyle with a luxury car and yacht. Jeff is most likely suffering from
What Jeff is most likely sufferings from what we can see here is antisocial personality disorder.
What is antisocial personality disorder?
This is the type of behavior that has the person acting in a way that is seen as irresponsible, antisocial and criminal.
This is the behavior here because we can see that Jeff is acting in a way that is criminal by taking money meant for the poor.
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eBookItem 4 According to the dimensions of emotional intelligence, __________ is the ability to recognize and understand the meaning of one's own emotions, moods, and drives and their impact on others.
According to the dimensions of emotional intelligence, self-awareness is the ability to recognize and understand the meaning of one's own emotions, moods, and drives and their impact on others.
This highlights that Being self-aware means having a solid awareness of who you are, including your feelings and personality. Learning to better understand your emotions and your behavior is a key component of developing self-awareness.
5 Reasons Self-Awareness is Critical in our life.It Builds Trust and CredibilityIt Makes us a More Effective ManagerIt Allows us to Evolve as a LeaderIt Leads to More Strategic Hiring DecisionsIt Positively Impacts Financial Performance.To know more about self-awareness, click the links.
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1.8 pts The number of representatives assigned to each of the 50 states in the House of Representatives is determined by a process called Group of answer choices quizzlet
Answer:Apportionment
Explanation:
The term deviance can be defined as?
Answer:
Rule breaking or crime
Explanation:
Deviance is any behavior that goes against social expectations and is typically severe enough to draw criticism from the majority of society. Deviance may or may not be unlawful. Criminology is the sociological field that studies crime.
What is the difference between a crime and a deviant act?Crimes are actions that violate the law, whereas deviations are actions that deviate from recognized standards, values, and behaviors. Although not all deviations are crimes, all crimes are deviations.
Deviance is defined as any type of rule-breaking behavior that deviates from the standards and expectations of a certain culture or social group. Deviance and crime, which are defined as behavior that violates the law, are closely connected concepts. Although most criminal behavior is aberrant, not all aberrant behavior is criminal.
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True or false: countries that experienced growth more recently will never be able to escape poverty.
Countries that experienced growth more recently will never be able to escape poverty. True.
According to the report, growth tends to raise fewer people out of poverty as severe poverty diminishes, making growth alone unlikely to alleviate extreme poverty by 2030. This is so because many of the individuals who are still living in severe poverty do so in circumstances that make it very difficult for them to improve their circumstances.
According to the study, growing income disparity might blunt the effect of growth on eradicating poverty. The impact of growth on poverty has been muted or even reversed in nations with growing income disparity, proving that inequality is not merely a problem in and of itself.
Research suggests that, the drop in poverty for a given growth rate was larger in nations where inequality was declining. Even if inequality does not alter, countries with higher beginning levels of inequality have less "poverty-reducing power" from economic growth. Thus, the World Bank Group's objectives of eradicating extreme poverty and fostering shared prosperity are intertwined, and real progress in doing so necessitates ongoing focus on the conditions of the lowest 40 percent of the population.
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The developmental theorist who suggested that securely attached children develop an attitude of basic trust is:_______
The developmental theorist who suggested that securely attached children develop an attitude of basic trust is Erikson.
The first stage in psychologist Erik Erikson's theory of psychological development is the stage of trust vs mistrust.
Your child will go through this phase from the time of birth until he or she is around 18 months old.
According to Erikson, this stage of your child's development is the most crucial because it determines both their general personality and how they view the world.
Seven further phases from Erikson's theory of psychosocial development span a person's lifespan.
People either get psychologically stronger or more vulnerable with each level of conflict they encounter.
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In the context of variables and measurement scales, categorizing automobiles as american-made or foreign-made is an example of a(n) _____ scale.
A) ratioB) ordinalC) intervalD) nominal
In the context of variables and measurement scales, categorizing automobiles as american-made or foreign-made is an example of a(n) D) nominal scale.
A nominal scale is a (measurement) scale that uses labels to classify cases (measurements) into classes. Examples of variables that use nominal scales are religion, gender, and city of residence. This measure usually only deals with non-numeric (quantitative) variables or when numbers have no values.
A nominal scale is a nomenclature scale where variables are simply "named" or labeled in no particular order. The ordinal scale goes beyond just naming and contains all the variables in a particular order. The interval scale provides a label, order, and a specific interval between each variable option.
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Identify and describe three roles that a parent of a child who has a disability might undertake that are unlike the roles typically associated with parenting
Some roles that a parent of a child who has a disability might undertake would be:-
The legal definition of "disability" is when a person is unable to engage in substantial paid employment due to a health or physical disability, a disability that is likely to be fatal, or a disability of a continuous or continuous nature. It can be considered a disabled person. Uninterrupted period
• Inclusion Specialist Ensuring that children are as involved in typical classroom activities / daily life as possible
• Personal Future Planner Help your child plan for the future by examining all areas of interest, skills, strengths, and needs (eg secondary school, work, finance) Target arrangement).
• Case Manager Overseeing all educational, health, and related services & coordinating care
• Medical Expert Understanding the medical issues surrounding the child, their disability/medical
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What percentage of women experience disabling, incapacitating symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (pms)?
What percentage of women experience disabling, incapacitating symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (pms): 3 to 9 percent.
symptoms are ways the body lets you know that you have an injury, illness, or disease. symptoms is physical or mental problems that a person experiences that may indicate a disease or condition.
Symptoms cannot be seen and do not show up on medical tests.
A symptom is the subjective experience of a potential health issue, which cannot be observed by a doctor.
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What is the logic behind allowing the texas court of criminals appeals to choose the appeals cases that they wish to hear
This allows them to focus on cases that add something meaningful to the collective understanding of the law this is the logic behind allowing the texas court of criminals appeals to choose the appeals cases that they wish to hear.
The 14 Courts of Appeal have intermediate appellate jurisdiction in both civil and criminal cases contested in county or district courts. Each Court of Appeal has jurisdiction over a particular region of the state.
Appeals in all cases where the death penalty has been imposed are forwarded directly from the Trial Court to the Criminal Appeals Court. All other criminal cases will be appealed to one of the 14 Texas Courts of Appeal, and their decisions will be subject to review by the Court of Criminal Appeals.
The Supreme Court of Texas has jurisdiction over all civil matters and the Court of Criminal Appeals provides a discretionary review of criminal appeals cases.
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Conflict in Pat and Leslie's relationship is lessened by the fact that each concedes decisions to the other in certain areas of expertise. Such a relationship is said to exhibit which of the following?
Balanced split pattern is the correct answer.
What is balanced split pattern?
A balanced split, in which each person is equal yet has a separate area of responsibility, is one of these arrangements. In this family, for instance, no one individual is viewed as more powerful than the rest, but each member may take on the role of the authority figure while talking about a particular subject.
What are the 4 family communication patterns?
Consensual, pluralistic, protective, and laissez-faire are four categories of family communication patterns identified by the Family Communication Patterns Theory.
What is good family communication?
Strong and trusting relationships between parents and children and a network of dependance on one another in both good and bad times are the results of families with strong and effective communication abilities. Respectful, open, honest, direct, and kind conversation is what we call positive communication.
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Which governmental agency has authoirty as outlined in the safe medeical device act?
FDA governmental agency has authority as outlined in the safe medical device act.
The Center for Devices and Radiological Health of the FDA is in charge of overseeing businesses that produce, repackage, relabel, and/or import medical devices that are sold in the US.
Additionally, CDRH oversees the regulation of both medical and non-medical radiation-emitting electronic products, including lasers, x-ray machines, ultrasound devices, microwave ovens, and color televisions.
There are three classes of medical devices: I, II, and III. From Class I to Class III, regulatory oversight is more stringent.
The regulatory specifications for a generic device type are specified in the device categorization regulation.
Premarket Notification is not required for the majority of Class I devices, Class II devices must submit a 510(k), and Class III devices must receive premarket approval.
"Classification of Medical Devices" provides information about device classification as well as a link to the Product Classification Database.
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What is an advantage for freeman xp a brand experience comapny that organizes large events such as trade shows?
Freeman's main advantage of using union staff is that no matter where the company is based, they are trained with the skills needed to carry out such a large event from start to finish. I think that you can rely on the staff.
Arbitration is the process of resolving an employment dispute by having a third party (the only arbitrator or panel) make a decision. The decision is final and binding to the union and employer.
You can work together for a common purpose and get things done faster. They formed a union to get better wages and working conditions.
The union represents the collective interests of its employees and negotiates with their employers on issues such as wages and working conditions.
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2 Name the organs of government of Ghana and state one function each
The Government of Ghana was designed as a parliamentary democracy, observed by alternating military and civilian governments in Ghana.
What is government of Ghana?In January 1993, military government passed way to the Fourth Republic after presidential and parliamentary elections in late 1992. The 1992 constitution separates powers among a president, parliament, cabinet, council of state, and an autonomous judiciary. The government is elected by universal suffrage.Since independence, Ghana has been committed to ideals of nonalignment and is a founding member of the non-aligned movement. Ghana favours global and regional political and economic co-operation and is an energetic member of the United Nations and the African Union
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The organs of the government of Ghana legislature, executive, and judiciary.
What do you mean by organs of government?The organs of the government are the legislature, executive, and judiciary. They together form perform the functions of the government. They maintain the law and order. And they together look after the welfare of the people.
The legislative power is with the government and the parliament. The judiciary is independent. The executive power is with the government.
Functions:
The function of the legislature is to make laws. The main function of the executive is to implement the laws. The judiciary punishes those who violate the laws.Thus, the organs of the government of Ghana are the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
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How different are the ground transportation alternatives in different areas of the world? what constraints does a shipper face when shipping with ground transport?
The limitations of a shipper that would come in contact with when shipping with ground transport would be the regional state of affairs within each country.
Domestic land transportation between ports and distribution points is also limited, as is transportation from distribution points to final users of these materials to a lesser extent. The size of the transportation work force has shrunk, and jobs are frequently filled at higher wages to secure labor. All of this is causing expenses to skyrocket across the board, including labor, materials, and transportation. The cost of transporting containers is 10 times more now than it was merely 18 months ago.
According to industry experts, these restrictions are not expected to loosen up until the second half of 2022. Lead times will keep lengthening, notably for shipments that are domestically produced but also for those that use imported materials. Inventory levels will be low and enterprises will struggle to maintain customer service standards as they wait for their material to arrive. As a result of the staggeringly high level of transportation costs, shoppers will pay more for their purchases.
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When learning involves relating a response to more than one event or stimulus it is called:____.
When learning involves relating a response to more than one event or stimulus it is called: Classical conditioning.
Discovered by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov, classical conditioning is a type of unconscious or automatic learning. This learning process creates a conditioned response through associations between an unconditioned stimulus and a neutral stimulus.
Put another way, classical conditioning involves placing a neutral stimulus before a naturally occurring reflex. In Pavlov's classic experiment with dogs, the neutral signal was the sound of a tone and the naturally occurring reflex was salivating in response to food. By associating the neutral stimulus (sound) with the unconditioned stimulus (food), the sound of the tone alone could produce the salivation response.
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which of following information is a security rist when posted publicly on your social networking profile
Pictures of your pet, Your birthday, Your hobbies, and Your personal e-mail address is the following information is a security risk when posted publicly on your social networking profile.
Security is the quality or feeling of being secure and safe such as freedom from danger, safety and freedom from fear or anxiety, free from criminal and theft. Security means safety, as well as the measures taken to be safe or protected.
Security is defined as being free from danger or feeling safe. An example of security is when you are at home with the doors locked and you feel safe and secure.
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The dsm-5 listing of ""gambling disorder"" suggests that people may become addicted to _____ beyond substance use.
The dsm-5 listing of ""gambling disorder"" suggests that people may become addicted to Behaviors and activities beyond substance use.
Gambling addiction is a chronic addiction that can have a variety of detrimental psychological, physical, and social effects. It is considered to be an impulsivity disorder. It appears in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) (DSM-5). Both psychological and physical health are harmed by problem gambling. People who have this addiction may also struggle with other anxiety-related issues like depression, migraines, discomfort, and digestive difficulties.
The effects of gambling addiction, like those of other addictions, can leave one feeling hopeless and helpless. This may occasionally result in suic ide attempts. Over the past few years, there has been an increase in problem gambling across the globe. In the United States, 5.77 million people required treatment for a gambling disorder in 2012. Gambling addiction has grown to be a serious public health issue in many nations because to its negative effects.
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Why might the engineers of ion exchange products need to know which items are soluble?
One or more unwanted ionic pollutants are eliminated from water using the ion exchange technique by exchanging them with a less disagreeable or non-objectionable ionic material.
The engineers of ion exchange products need to know which items are soluble so that the the pollutant can be extracted from the water by dissolving the ionic pollutant in a suitable solvent or exchange product. In order to identify the solvent, the engineer must be aware of the physical and chemical properties of the pollutant.
The exchanged material and the contaminant both need to be dissolved and have the same kind of electrical charge (positive or negative). A common instance of ion exchange is the "water softening" procedure, which lowers the amount of calcium and magnesium in the water.
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Nearly _____ of all new drivers 15 to 19 are convicted of a traffic violation in their first year of driving.
Nearly 50% of all new drivers 15 to 19 are convicted of a traffic violation in their first year of driving.
What is traffic violation?Traffic violation serves as the going against the rules and laws that guides the activities of the road user on the road.
These rules are been put in place for the safety of all those that are making use of the road on daily basis, however, Nearly 50% of all new drivers 15 to 19 are convicted of a traffic violation in their first year of driving.
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A researcher has the same students listen to a teacher give a verbal command in a low and in a high tone. The time it took students to respond to the commands was recorded. The verbal command factor (low, high tone) can best be described as a:
The verbal command factor can best be described as a within-subjects factor.
Communicative approachBased on the thought that learning speech successfully comes through having communication with real meaning. When students are involved in real conversation, their idea for language control will be used and will allow them to remember to use the language.
Within-subjects factorIt is usually referred to as a repeated-measures factor as repeated measurements are taken on each subject. An experimental design in which the self-supported variable is a within-subjects factor is known a within-subjects design.
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The age at which a baby was weaned would have the most impact on the ________ stage.
Answer: oral
Explanation: