Why do you think that there are so many different ways for the body to fight off infection and invasion by foreign or disease causing particles
During gene therapy, bone marrow stem cells are removed from the individual. What must happen to those cells before they are injected back into the individual
During gene therapy, Viruses act as vectors to carry the normal gene into the genome of the stem cells.
Gene therapy uses viruses to implant therapeutic genes into stem cells. Viruses proliferate by injecting their genetic material into living cells. A virus is utilized to implant a healthy version of the ADA gene into the patient's stem cells in order to treat ADA-SCID.
Since stem cells may regenerate on their own, the need for recurrent injections of therapeutic cells may be reduced or perhaps eliminated in cell-based gene therapy. Gene therapy's main objective is to treat illnesses brought on by damaged genes.
Cell treatment is the transfer of cells to a patient, whereas gene therapy involves the transfer of genetic material into the proper cells. The transfer of genetic material during gene therapy often occurs in vector form.
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Stress initiates biological changes involving the autonomic and endocrine systems, as well as the system that helps the body ward off illnesses, the:____.
Stress initiates biological changes involving the autonomic and endocrine systems, as well as the system that helps the body ward off illnesses, the immune system.
What is the immune system?The immune system is a body system used by the body to fight against infections and diseases caused by bacteria and viral entities (they are not organisms).
The immune system is composed of physical barriers such as the skin mucous membranes, and endothelia that fight against pathogenic infections.
In conclusion, stress initiates biological changes involving the autonomic and endocrine systems, as well as the system that helps the body ward off illnesses, the immune system.
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Who were the scientists that hypothesized that RNA was the first self-replicating information storage molecule that catalyzed the assembly of the first proteins?
Group of answer choices
Watson and Crick.
Cech and Altman.
Lerman and Urey.
Darwin and Pasteur.
Cech and Altman discovered the self-replication and biocatalytic properties of RNA. Option B.
What did Cech and Altman discover?
After several years of research, Cech and Altman discovered that, apart from being inheritable molecules and being involved in protein synthesis, RNA functions as a biocatalyst -just like enzymes- .
These scientists discovered that RNA shares with DNA the capability of transmitting genetic information and with proteins the capability of facilitating chemical reactions as a biocatalyst.
They could prove that,
RNA can self-replicate because it carries the genetic information needed to do it and does not need other proteins. It has a significant protagonism in cellular metabolism.
In the enzyme's and additional energy absence, the molecule can start its maturation process, catalyzing reactions by itself. Cech named this RNA form with enzymatic function ribozyme.
This was a significant discovery since it demonstrated that not only proteins were involved in biological reactions.
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In animal cells, cell junctions called ______ junctions form barriers between cells that prevent leaking of fluids and water-soluble molecules.
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Which of the following has two lenses as well as a light bulb in the base that shines light through the specimen?
Group of answer choices
scanning electron microscope
compound light microscope
transmission electron microscope
scanning tunneling microscope
Answer: compound light microscope
Explanation: a microscope that shines light through a specimen and has two lenses to magnify an image (Ocular lens and Objective lens)
A male is heterozygous for the trait that produces freckles on the skin, and he has freckles. If he marries a woman who is also heterozygous for freckles, ________ of their children are predicted to be freckled. Also, of all their children, ________ are predicted to be heterozygous.
A male is heterozygous for the trait that produces freckles on the skin, and he has freckles. If he marries a woman who is also heterozygous for freckles, 75% of their children are predicted to be freckled. Also, of all their children, 50% are predicted to be heterozygous.
The genotype of a plantThe plant must be homozygous for the trait because the phenotype reflects the genotype. To test if any white plants emerge, cross the red plant with a white plant.A gene region where there are two distinct alleles present. A heterozygous genotype can consist of one normal allele and one mutated allele, or two different mutated alleles.The symbol Tt stands for the heterozygous state, in which a gene's homologous pair has two distinct alleles.Learn more about phenotype here:
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The function of sigma factor in bacteria is replaced by that of _____ in eukaryotes.
The function of sigma factor in bacteria is replaced by that of general transcription factors in eukaryotes.
General transcription factors along with RNA polymerase form the basal transcription apparatus that binds to promoters in eukaryotes to initiate transcription.
Sigma factor (σ factor or specificity factor) is a protein needed for initiation of transcription in bacteria. It is a bacterial transcription initiation factor that enables specific binding of RNA polymerase (RNAP) to gene promoters. It is homologous to archaeal transcription factor B and to eukaryotic factor TFIIB.
Sigma factor is an accessory protein to RNA polymerase in bacteria that helps the polymerase bind to the promoter region.
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Which of the following has a primary role in attacking cancer cells and protecting against some pathogens by killing harmful cells on contact
what is the function of any muscle tissue?
What is the correct sequence of enzymes involved in dna replication, considering the lagging strand?
The correct sequence of enzymes in DNA replication includes such as DNA helicase, RNA primase ,DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase. This process of DNA replication the double helix unwinds with the help of enzymes DNA helicase.
The lagging stand is the parent stand that runs in 5' and 3' direction towards the fork and the replication discontinue. DNA ,two strands at a replication fork. one stand is the leading stand which runs from 5' to 3' and other stand is lagging stand runs from 3' to 5' fork and it is made in small pieces called okazaki fragments.
The leading stand which synthesis in continuous manner, synthesis of lagging strand requires a primase that makes RNA primers that can extended by DNA polymerase to form okazaki fragments.
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In the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane lab. What substance was actually able to pass through the membrane?
If the membrane is selectively permeable or semipermeable membrane molecules, such as hydrocarbons and oxygen can only cross the cell membrane.
Larger molecule like hydrocarbons and carbon cannot cross the cell membrane . water can only cross between the lipids .Hence ,Osmosis is a special type of diffusion, that allows diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane. Water readily crosses a membrane down its potential gradient from high to low potential. Osmotic pressure is the force required to prevent water movement across the semipermeable membrane. Any substance crosses the cell membrane by two basic ways passive transport, which requires no energy; and active transport, which requires energy.
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in cocker spaniels, solid coat color is dominant over spotted coat color. If two heterozygous dogs were crossed to each other, what would be the probability of the following combinations of offspring
A gene region where there are two distinct alleles present. One normal allele, one mutated allele, or two distinct mutated alleles can make up a heterozygous genotype.
Combinations of offspring:Let's say that the letter S stands for a solid coat and the letter s for a spotted coat. This indicates that the genomes of the two heterozygous cocker spaniels are Ss. As a result, the likelihood of the progeny having a solid coat (SS and Ss) is 75% and a spotted coat (SS) is 25%.
There is a 25% chance that the firstborn puppy in the first litter will have spotted fur. The likelihood that 4 of the 5 remaining pups will have spotted fur is 1/4 x 1/4 x 1/4, or 1/256. Calculate the likelihood that the second litter will have 6 pups with solid fur by multiplying 3/4 by 6, which equals 64/4096 or 1.5% The probability that the second litter will contain 1 pup with spotty fur is 25%.
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Sari and Jon disagree over who needs more calories (proportionately) per day to survive a three-month-old baby or a
grown adult San argues that a grown adult is bigger and needs more calories per pound of body weight Jon believes
the baby would require more calories per pound of body weight
he is most likely conect and why?
San, because it takes more energy to move the larger muscles that adults have, so they need more calories
Jon, because babies grow at a much berate than adults and require more cabries to support this growth
Jah, because babies are more active than grown adults and need more energy from calories
San because adults have more to do during the day and need more calories to sustain their activities
Answer:
Jon, because babies grow at a much [faster rate] than adults and require more [calories] to support this growth
Explanation:
Adults need 13 calories per pound of body weight while babies need 35 to 50 calories per pound of body weight.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
The Stages of Change are known as what psychological model? Autonomy Self-Determination Theory (SDT) Motivational Interviewing (MI) The Transtheoretical Model (TTM)
The Stages of Change are known as The Transtheoretical Model (TTM)
The transtheoretical model of behavior change is an integrative treatment theory that determines whether a person is ready to adopt a new, healthier behavior and offers methods or tactics to help the person change.According to the TTM, there are six stages of change that people go through: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. Termination was not included in the initial model and is used less frequently when using the phases of change for behaviors relating to one's health. Different intervention techniques are most effective at advancing a person through each step of change so that they might reach maintenance, the optimal stage of behavior, later on in the model.learn more about Transtheoretical Model here: https://brainly.com/question/13171327
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How is it possible for organisms to undergo both punctured equilibrium and gradualism?
Answer: Gradualism and punctuated equilibrium are two ways in which the evolution of a species can occur. A species can evolve by only one of these, or by both. Scientists think that species with a shorter evolution evolved mostly by punctuated equilibrium, and those with a longer evolution evolved mostly by gradualism.
Explanation:
The process of storing glucose as glycogen is known as?
Answer:
Glycogenesis
Explanation:
Phosphorous acid, a common ingredient used for potable water treatment, has a molecular formula of:_______
Answer:
H³PO⁴Explanation:
Phosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid, monophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H3PO4. Phosphoric acid is a colorless solid, it is commonly encountered as an 85% aqueous solution, which is a colourless, odourless, and non-volatile syrupy liquid.one way that the investigator could increase the validity of the investigation
Answer:
for different purpose like accuracy, validate
What causes clouds to condense and form?
Select one:
O a. As cold air sinks, water vapor is released.
O b.
As hot air rises, water vapor is released.
O c.
As winds drive cold air across the Earth's surface, water vapor is released.
O d. As winds drive hot air across the Earth's surface, water vapor is released.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
As winds drive cold air across the Earth's surface, water vapor is released.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Water is constantly cycling through the atmosphere. Water evaporates from the Earth's surface and rises on warm updrafts into the atmosphere. It condenses into clouds, is blown by the wind, and then falls back to the Earth as rain or snow.
Identical twins are produced from the same sperm and egg. After the first mitotic division, the cells detach from each other and develop into distinct individuals. In contrast, fraternal twins are produced from separate sperm and separate egg cells. If two parents with brown eyes (a dominant trait) produce one twin boy with blue eyes, what are the probabilities of the following
The probability of other twin to have blue eyes is 100% because they are genetically identical.
Are identical twins are formed from two different eggs and two different sperm?
One fertilized egg (ovum), which develops into two children with the same genetic makeup, produces identical or monozygotic twins. Two eggs (ova) are fertilized by two sperm to create fraternal or dizygotic twins, which are two genetically distinct infants.How is identical twins formed?
When a single egg (zygote) is fertilized, identical twins (monozygotic twins) are produced. The egg then separates into two, producing genetically identical twins. If your twins are identical, you will have two girls or two boys because identical twins are always of the same sex.What is special about identical twins?
Identical twins have DNA that is 99.9% the same. They also have almost nearly identical brain wave patterns. But they do have different fingerprints and teeth marks! 22% of twins are left-handed as opposed to the 10% of singletons who turn out to be left-handed.Learn more about identical twins
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An intravenous hypertonic solution containing dextrose, proteins, vitamins, and minerals is known as?
An intravenous hypertonic solution containing dextrose, proteins, vitamins, and minerals is known as total parenteral nutrition
A hypertonic solution is one that has more dissolved particles than normal cells and blood do, including salt and other electrolytes. For instance, wounds are soaked in hypertonic liquids.
Blood has a lower concentration of dissolved particles than hypertonic fluids. 3 percent Normal Saline is an illustration of a hypertonic IV solution (3 percent NaCl). The intravascular space has a higher concentration of dissolved solutes than the cells when hypertonic fluids are injected. In contrast to a hypotonic solution, a hypertonic solution includes more of the other substance and less water.
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Scientists use the scientific process to which mechanisms underlie observations; they do not if a particular finding is correct or not. a broad statement called a can be used to solidify reasoning before setting up an experiment, and then the scientific process is followed to test one's idea. to illustrate, consider this scenario: suppose you are a researcher investigating the impact of eating eggs on cholesterol levels. your states "consuming an egg everyday increases blood cholesterol". you use a carefully designed experiment to determine if your statement is or not. in this experiment, number of eggs is the , while cholesterol level in the blood is the . you recruit 100 subjects and divide them into two groups: the corresponds to subjects who will eat an egg everyday, and the comprises individuals who will not consume eggs. in order to avoid confounding results, both groups need to have like same gender, similar age, consistent baseline cholesterol measurements, equivalent food consumption, identical exercise routine, etc. in a well-designed experiment, there should only be one variable, but many variables. after a six-month trial, your data show both groups have similar blood cholesterol measurements. your conclusions include that eating one egg everyday for one year does not raise blood cholesterol; your hypothesis was .
The hypothesis was that eating one egg everyday for one year may or may not raise blood cholesterol levels.
What is a hypothesis?A hypothesis is an explanation given prior to testing of an observation.
A hypothesis aims to give a reasonable explanation for a given observation.
The experiment given was designed to test if eating one egg everyday for one year will raise blood cholesterol.
Therefore, the hypothesis was that eating one egg everyday for one year may or may not raise blood cholesterol levels.
In conclusion, a hypothesis is like a guess without testing.
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Aside from neurons, epithelia are the only other tissue that can sometimes serve as?
Aside from neurons, epithelia are the only other tissue that can sometimes serve as sensory perception.
The epithelium is a type of body tissue that covers all of the internal and exterior body surfaces, lines hollow organs and body cavities, and makes up the majority of glandular tissue. It serves a range of purposes, including absorption, secretion, and protection.
Your body can pick up external sensory impulses thanks to sensory nerve endings embedded in epithelial tissue. As an illustration, hearing and balance depend on the stereocilia on the outer surface of the epithelial tissue in your ear.
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The body and blood of jesus are symbolized:_______
A. With the color violet.
B. With the chi-rho symbol.
C. In the eucharistic meal.
D. On the forehead at lent
The body and blood of Jesus are symbolized with the chi-rho symbol
Chi Rho represents an early illustration of the relationship between Jesus' Crucifixion and Resurrection. An ancient Christian symbol is known as Chi Rho, pronounced "KEE-roe," is created by joining the first two letters of the Greek word Christos, which means "Christ." Early Christians used the Chi Rho symbol to represent both Jesus Christ and Christianity. Prior to the Battle of the Milivian Bridge outside of Rome in 312 AD, Constantine reportedly had a vision in which the Chi Rho symbol appeared. The monarch then had his soldiers' shields etched with the insignia. Constantine legalized Christianity throughout his kingdom after winning the conflict. Since then, he had made frequent use of the Chi Rho sign. Later Christian emperors also employed the Chi Rho as a vexillum they termed the Labarum. The coins of Constantine and his successors used this symbol.
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The controls of the windshield wiper and windshield washer are usually located on _______.
The controls of the windshield wiper and windshield washer are usually located on Right lever. Two levers on steering column contain controls for driving. .
A sun visor is located ion the above of windshield also called windscreen . Designed with a flap that is adjustable to help shade the eye of drivers and passengers from the glare of sunlight.
The combination switch they flip beam switch or the directional switch that is on the left hand stalk signals and cancels turn indications when moved up or down.Automotive wipers are controlled by a microprocessor. windshield washer used to keep it clear for rain . snow , dust.
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If there is an high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood stream, it will diffuse into the
Answer:no because we have vitals that help with that
Explanation:
Substance A is transported from the plasma of the peritubular capillary into the fluid of the renal tubule. Substance A is said to be __________.
The transport of substance A from peritubular capillary into the fluid of renal tubule is Tubular secretion.
What is Tubular secretion?
Tubular secretion is the phenomenon of transfer of materials from peritubular capillaries to fluid of renal tubule. It is basically a process of toxins removal from blood capillaries and tissues and their active secretion into the nephrons. The nephrons are surrounded by peritubular capillaries and the exchange between nephron and blood occurs via peritubular capillaries. The tubular secretion is most active in proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). Tubular secretion is an important parameter for measuring kidney function and excretion process. It also maintains the blood pH.
Hence, the substance A that is transported from plasma of peritubular capillary into fluid of reanl tubule is said to be secreted.
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After being shot in the head in Iraq, what type of glial cells began to restore the barrier between Brandon's brain and blood
The type of glial cells that began to restore the barrier between Brandon's brain and blood is the astrocytes.
What are glial cells?The glial cells are does cells that are non-neuronal cells found within the nervous system which helps to provides physical and metabolic support to neurons.
An example of glial cells is the astrocytes which are the building blocks of the brain neurotransmitters that aids in brain injury recovery.
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If sperm do not exit through the vas, either because the man has had a vasectomy or has not ejaculated, in what region of the testis do they remain
The epididymis region of the testis do they remain.
What about epididymis?Each testis has a little, tightly coiled tube linked to it (the male sex glands that produce sperm). Male reproductive cells known as sperm travel from the testicles into the epididymis, where they mature and are then stored.The epididymis' most obvious job is to move sperm from the rete testes to the vas deferens.The immature sperm from the testis is received by the tortuously coiled epididymis, which stores it for several days. Sperm is forcibly discharged into the deferent duct during ejaculation from the epididymis' tail.Sperm is transported from the testes and stored in the long, coiled epididymis. It is seen as a curving structure on each testis' posterior (rear) edge. There are three parts to it.Learn more about epididymis here:
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