What Are Names of Some First Generation Antipsychotic Drugs?

In the term trace element, the modifier trace means elemental is required in very small amount.

Micronutrient is another name for a trace element. Additionally, it is described as any chemical element needed by living things in minute or small levels, typically as a component of an essential enzyme (cells produced by catalytic protein).

The precise requirements for trace elements vary depending on the species; for example, copper, zinc, manganese, boron, and molybdenum are frequently needed by plants. Animals frequently needed cobalt, manganese, and iodine.

Lack of essential animal trace elements utilised by animals in the soil may not harm plants, but animals consuming those plants acquire their deficiency diseases. Absence of essential plant trace elements required by plants in the soil results in deficiency disease.

Therefore, the term "trace" denotes a very minimal requirement for the elemental.

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According to the hydrocarbon combustion equation Both reactions are exothermic because they release energy in the form of heat.

Also, according to the calculation of the energy released in kJ/g, the Energy released by propane is 50.34 kJ/g and the Energy released by propane is 49.52 kJ/g. Therefore, propane is slightly more efficient than butane in terms of energy released per gram.

Explanation of the calculation of the hydrocarbon combustion:

The equation for hydrocarbon combustion is:
Hydrocarbon + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

For propane (C3H8):
C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O + Energy

For butane (C4H10):
C4H10 + 6.5O2 → 4CO2 + 5H2O + Energy

Both of these reactions are exothermic because they release energy in the form of heat.

Explanation of the calculation of the energy released in kJ/g:

To calculate the energy released by each gas in kJ/mole, we can use the standard enthalpy of combustion (∆Hc) values for propane and butane:

∆Hc for propane = -2220 kJ/mole
∆Hc for butane = -2878 kJ/mole

So, the energy released by propane is 2220 kJ/mole and the energy released by butane is 2878 kJ/mole.

To calculate the energy released in kJ/g, we can divide the energy released in kJ/mole by the molar mass of each gas:

Energy released by propane in kJ/g = 2220 kJ/mole / 44.1 g/mole = 50.34 kJ/g
Energy released by butane in kJ/g = 2878 kJ/mole / 58.12 g/mole = 49.52 kJ/g

Therefore, propane is slightly more efficient than butane in terms of energy released per gram.

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The shape of the spectra in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is primarily determined by the chemical environment of the nucleus being studied. In NMR spectroscopy, a sample is exposed to a magnetic field, and the resulting NMR spectrum reflects the absorption of energy by the nuclei in the sample as they undergo transitions between different energy levels.

What is Spectra?

In physics and chemistry, a spectrum (plural: spectra) is a range of electromagnetic radiation or other physical quantities, such as sound or mass, that are ordered by their wavelengths or frequencies. The term spectrum can refer to a continuous range of values or to a discrete set of lines or bands that correspond to specific energy transitions.

The chemical environment of a nucleus in a molecule affects its NMR spectrum in several ways. One important factor is the shielding or DE shielding effect of neighboring atoms or groups. When a nucleus is surrounded by electrons, it experiences a shielding effect that reduces its magnetic field, causing it to resonate at a lower frequency. Conversely, when a nucleus is DE shielded by nearby electron-withdrawing groups, it resonates at a higher frequency. This effect is responsible for the chemical shift observed in NMR spectra.

The shape of the NMR spectrum can also be influenced by other factors such as the number and arrangement of neighboring nuclei, the spin-spin coupling between nuclei, and the relaxation time of the nuclei in the sample. Together, these factors determine the complex patterns observed in NMR spectra and provide a wealth of information about the chemical structure and environment of molecules.

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There are approximately 0.555 moles in 100 grams of glucose.

One mole of a substance is defined as the amount of that substance which contains the same number of entities (such as atoms, molecules, or ions) as there are atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12. This number is known as Avogadro's number and is approximately 6.022 x 10²³ entities per mole.

The number of moles in 100 grams of a substance depends on its molar mass. To calculate the number of moles, we need to divide the given mass by the molar mass of the substance. The formula is:

Number of moles = given mass / molar mass

For example, if we want to find the number of moles in 100 grams of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), which has a molar mass of 180.16 g/mol, the calculation would be:

Number of moles = 100 g / 180.16 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.555 moles

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The first element in the group of rare earth metal is called Lanthanum (La).

It is a silvery-white, malleable, and ductile metal that belongs to the lanthanide series of elements. Lanthanum has the atomic number 57 and is the first member of the lanthanide series, which includes 15 elements with atomic numbers ranging from 57 (La) to 71 (Lu).

Lanthanum is the first and the most abundant element in the lanthanide series of elements, which are also known as the rare earth elements. The rare earth metals, have unique electronic, magnetic, and optical properties that make them important in a wide range of technological applications.

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--The given question is incorrect, the correct question is

"The first element in the group of rare earth metal is called?"--

Heroin is a degraded form of diamorphine. It is a semi-synthetic substance made from morphine that has been acetylated.

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A selenide ion is the isoelectronic with the noble gas is the correct option is d. krypton.

The atomic number of the selenide is 34. The electronic configuration of the selenide is as :

Electronic configuration of selenide = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁴

The selenide ion is Se²⁻, this means that the selenide ion gains the two electron and form the anion. The electronic configuration for the selenide ion is as :

Electronic configuration of Se²⁻ = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ or [Kr]

The atomic number of the krypton is 36. Therefore the selenide ion is isoelectronic with the krypton.

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Equilibrium partial pressures of PCl₃ , Cl₂ , and PCl₅ are 0.3atm,0.2atm and 0.6atm respectively.

In a combination of gases, every constituent gas has a partial pressure which is the notional pressure of that constituent gas as though it alone involved the whole volume of the first blend at the equivalent temperature.[1] The complete tension of an ideal gas blend is the amount of the halfway tensions of the gases in the blend (Dalton's Regulation).

The  partial pressure  of a gas is a proportion of thermodynamic action of the gas' particles. Gases break down, diffuse, and respond as per their halfway tensions yet not as per their focuses in gas blends or fluids. This overall property of gases is additionally evident in compound responses of gases in science. For instance, the fundamental measure of oxygen for human breath, and the sum that is harmful, is set by the halfway tension of oxygen alone.

This is valid across an exceptionally extensive variety of various groupings of oxygen present in different breathed in breathing gases or broke down in blood;[2] subsequently, blend proportions, similar to that of breathable 20% oxygen and 80%, not entirely settled by volume rather than by weight or mass.

Besides, the  partial pressure  of oxygen and carbon dioxide are significant boundaries in trial of blood vessel blood gases. All things considered, these pressure can likewise be estimated in, for instance, cerebrospinal liquid.

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Molarity of a solution made by  dissolving 26. 42 g of (nh4) 2 so4 in enough water to make 50 ml of solution is 3.8M.

Molar concentration (likewise called molarity, sum focus or substance focus) is a proportion of the centralization of a synthetic animal types, specifically of a solute in an answer, as far as measure of substance per unit volume of arrangement. In science, the most regularly involved unit for molarity is the quantity of moles per liter, having the unit image mol/L or mol/dm³ in SI unit. An answer with a grouping of 1 mol/L is supposed to be 1 molar, usually assigned as 1 M.

Molarity is number of moles of solute/volume of solution in liters

Here,number of moles of solute is =mass of solute/molar mass of solute.

Solute is (NH₄)₂SO₄,so molar mass of solute is 132.14g

Now,number of moles are =26.42/132.14=0.19mole.

Now,molarity =(0.19/50)×1000=3.8M.

Hence,molarity is 3,8M.

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The molecular formula of glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆ and its empirical formula is CH₂O.

The molecular formula is defined as an expression which describes the number of atoms of each element in one molecule of a compound. Basically, molecular formula shows the actual number of each atom in a molecule.

Empirical formula is described as a chemical formula showing the simplest ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms in the molecule.

The molecular formula of glucose is  C₆H₁₂O₆ because one molecule actually contains 6 C, 12 H, and 6 O atoms. Therefore, the simplest whole-number ratio of C to H to O atoms in glucose is 1:2:1, so the empirical formula is CH₂O.

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Water in an ice cube tray is put into the freezer section of a refrigerator. as it freezes, this water: turns into ice.

What are properties of water?
Water is a chemical compound composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2O). It has a high boiling point (100°C) and melting point (0°C), making it a liquid at room temperature. It is also one of the most abundant substances on Earth and covers nearly 70% of the planet. Its surface tension and adhesive properties allow it to form droplets, it has a high heat capacity, and it is an excellent solvent for many substances. Water is also able to absorb a large amount of energy as it evaporates, making it a great tool for cooling. Additionally, water is able to exist in three different states: solid (ice), liquid, and gas (vapor).

Therefore, Water in an ice cube tray is put into the freezer section of a refrigerator. as it freezes, this water: turns into ice.

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To determine the pH of a solution of NaCl, we first need to find the concentration of the Na+ and Cl- ions in the solution. NaCl is a strong electrolyte and dissociates completely into Na+ and Cl- ions in water.

The molar mass of NaCl is 58.44 g/mol. Therefore, the number of moles of NaCl in 11.7 g can be calculated as:

moles of NaCl = mass of NaCl / molar mass of NaCl

moles of NaCl = 11.7 g / 58.44 g/mol

moles of NaCl = 0.2 mol

The volume of the solution is given as 200 mL, which is equal to 0.2 L. Therefore, the concentration of Na+ and Cl- ions in the solution can be calculated as follows:

concentration = moles / volume

concentration of Na+ or Cl- = 0.2 mol / 0.2 L

concentration of Na+ or Cl- = 1 M

Since NaCl is a neutral salt, it does not contribute to the acidity or basicity of the solution. Therefore, the pH of the solution can be calculated using the concentration of H+ ions in the solution, which can be assumed to be equal to the concentration of OH- ions due to the autoionization of water.

pH = -log[H+]

pH = -log[OH-]

At 25°C, the concentration of H+ ions in pure water is 1.0 × 10^-7 M. Therefore, the concentration of OH- ions is also 1.0 × 10^-7 M.

Since the solution is neutral, the concentration of H+ and OH- ions must be equal. Therefore:

[H+] = [OH-] = 1.0 × 10^-7 M

Taking the negative logarithm of both sides gives:

pH = -log(1.0 × 10^-7)

pH = 7.0

Therefore, the pH of the solution is 7.0.

what is pH of a solution?

The pH of a solution is a measure of its acidity or basicity. It is defined as the negative logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution, with a pH of 7 being neutral. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with values less than 7 indicating acidity, values greater than 7 indicating basicity, and a pH of 7 indicating neutrality. A change of one unit on the pH scale represents a tenfold change in the concentration of hydrogen ions. The pH of a solution can be measured using a pH meter or through the use of indicators, which change color depending on the pH of the solution.

Hence, the answer is, the pH of the solution is 7.0.

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Nitrogen fixation can lead to enhanced plant growth with Fixed nitrogen can be used by plants to produce protein. Option D is correct.

Fixed nitrogen can be used by plants to produce protein, which is necessary for growth and development. Nitrogen is a key component of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Amino acids are used by plants to make enzymes, chlorophyll, and other important molecules.

However, atmospheric nitrogen gas (N₂) cannot be directly used by plants. Nitrogen fixation is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen is converted into a usable form, such as ammonia (NH₃) or nitrate (NO₃⁻), by certain bacteria or other microorganisms.

These microorganisms can either form a symbiotic relationship with the plant, living in the roots or nodules, or exist independently in the soil. Once the fixed nitrogen is available in the soil, plants can take it up through their roots and use it to produce proteins and other nitrogen-containing molecules, leading to enhanced growth and productivity.

Hence, D. Fixed nitrogen can be used by plants to produce protein is the correct option.

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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"How does nitrogen fixation lead to enhanced plant growth? A) Nitrogen fixation prevents pathogens from infecting the plant. B) Nitrogen fixation directly by the plant is very expensive in terms of metabolic energy. C) Nitrogen fixation prevents herbivores from eating the plant. D) Fixed nitrogen can be used by plants to produce protein E) Nitrogen fixation enables prokaryotes to supply the plant with proteins directly."--

Answer:

The Correct option is "+1"

A chemical known as an acid-base indicator alters color when the pH of a solution changes. this statement is true.

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Orders of reaction are an important aspect of chemical kinetics, as they are used to determine how the rate of a reaction is affected by the concentration of the reactants.

The order of a reaction with respect to a particular reactant is the power to which the concentration of that reactant is raised in the rate law. For example, if the rate law for a reaction is: rate = k[A]^2[B]

Then the order of the reaction with respect to reactant A is 2, and the order with respect to reactant B is 1. The overall order of the reaction is the sum of the orders with respect to each reactant, so in this case the overall order is 2 + 1 = 3.

Orders of reaction can be determined experimentally by measuring how the rate of a reaction changes as the concentration of the reactants is varied. They are important for understanding the mechanism of a reaction and for predicting how the rate of a reaction will change under different conditions.

Orders of reaction are used to describe how the rate of a reaction is affected by the concentration of the reactants, and they are determined experimentally by measuring how the rate changes as the concentration of the reactants is varied.

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Explanation:

When the water add acid there have the reaction then the molecules are evolve highly reactive which have produce bubble which cause our face directly but acid add in water there have less reactive molecules evolve ant there doesnot produce bubble

The main function of tRNA is to transfer amino acids to the ribosome during the process of protein synthesis.

During protein synthesis, tRNA molecules bind to specific amino acids in the cytoplasm and bring them to the ribosome.

Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon, which is a sequence of three nucleotides that is complementary to a specific codon on the mRNA.

The tRNA molecule binds to the mRNA at the codon and transfers the amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain.

In this way, tRNA plays a crucial role in the translation of the genetic code into proteins, which are the building blocks of all living organisms. Without tRNA, the process of protein synthesis would not be possible, and cells would not be able to carry out their functions.

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Only the bonding molecular orbitals can be occupied since only one electron is present in each of the unhybridized 2p orbitals, leaving four electrons accessible for bonding.

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In order to produce a Tree Identification Vocabulary, we use the information:

Tree Name Needle/Leaf Type Needle/Leaf Arrangement Cone Scale Bracts Cone Scale Barbs

Colorado Pinyon Pine Needle Grouped in 2s Yes No

Colorado Pinyon Pine - Needles occur in groups of 2, cones have scales with bracts, no barbs on the scales.

Douglas Fir - Needles are not needle-like and are often soft, cones hang down from the branches and have 3-pointed bracts.

Noble Fir - Needles are not needle-like and are often soft, cones are upright on branches, no bracts or barbs on the scales.

Blackhills White Spruce - Needles occur in groups of 3 or more, cones are medium-sized and rounded, most needles curve or point upward, no barbs on the scales.

Colorado Blue Spruce - Needles occur in groups of 3 or more, cones are long and slender, needles point forward, no bracts or barbs on the scales.

Coulter Pine - Needles occur in groups of 3 or more, cones have spiny barbs that point downward.

Jeffrey Pine - Needles are longer than the cones (longer than 4") and slender, cones have barbs that point upward.

Bristlecone Pine - Needles are shorter than the cones (less than 2" long), no bracts or barbs on the scales.

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To safeguard the standard of drinking water in the United States, the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) was enacted. This legislation applies to all waters that are actually or hypothetically intended for consumption, whether they originate from above-ground or underground sources.

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There are the main periodic trends in the periodic that is the  electronegativity, the atomic size, the ionization energy, and the electron affinity, metallic character.

The  main periodic trends in the periodic table is as :

1) The Electronegativity is the measures of how easily atom can attract the electrons to form the bond.  it increases from left to right.

2) The atomic size decreases as we move in the period from the left to the right. the atomic size increases as we move in the group from the top to the bottom in the periodic table.

3) The ionization energy decreases as we move from to to the bottom in group.

4) The electron affinity increases as move left to right across period.

5) The metallic character decreases as we move left to right in period.

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The mass of chlorine gas needed to react with 84 grams of aluminum is 331.21 grams.

To calculate the mass of chlorine gas needed to react with 84.0 grams of aluminum to produce aluminum chloride, we can use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:

2Al + 3Cl₂ → 2AlCl₃

From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of aluminum react with 3 moles of chlorine gas to produce 2 moles of aluminum chloride. We can use this mole ratio to determine the mass of chlorine gas needed.

First, we need to convert the mass of aluminum to moles:

84.0 g Al × (1 mol Al / 26.98 g Al) = 3.11 mol Al

Next, we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to determine the moles of chlorine gas needed:

3.11 mol Al × (3 mol Cl₂ / 2 mol Al) = 4.67 mol Cl₂

Finally, we can convert the moles of chlorine gas to mass:

4.67 mol Cl₂ × (70.90 g Cl₂ / 1 mol Cl₂) = 331.21 g Cl₂

Therefore, the mass of chlorine gas needed to react with 84.0 grams of aluminum to produce aluminum chloride is 331.21 grams.

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The chemical that your brain releases when you are kind is called oxytocin.

Oxytocin is a hormone that is associated with social bonding, trust, and positive social interactions. It is released in response to positive social interactions, such as hugging or showing kindness to others.

Studies have shown that increased levels of oxytocin can lead to increased empathy and pro-social behavior, such as generosity and cooperation. Additionally, oxytocin has been shown to decrease stress levels and promote feelings of calm and relaxation.

Overall, practicing kindness can not only benefit those around us but also have positive effects on our own mental and emotional well-being.

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The approximate melting point of the substance represented by line from point B to point C. Phase change is associated with latent heat, as it reflects the energy absorbed or released during the phase change without any change in temperature.

The melting point is a specific temperature at which a substance undergoes a phase change from a solid state to a liquid state. Generally, most substances can exist in three phases: solid, liquid, and gas.

When a substance is heated, its temperature increases, and it goes through a phase change that naturally from solid to liquid and then from liquid to gas. During these phase changes, the temperature remains constant, as the energy is being used to break the intermolecular bonds that hold the particles together.

In the given graph,

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C) High levels of Pfr triggers development of flower primordia in long day plants by promoting transcription of the gene CO is the correct statement.

What is Phytochromes ?

Phytochromes are a class of photoreceptor proteins found in plants, involved in the regulation of many important developmental processes, including seed germination, stem elongation, leaf expansion, and flowering.

Phytochromes sense changes in the relative ratio of red light (around 660 nm) to far-red light (around 730 nm) and undergo a reversible photoconversion between two states: the inactive, red-light absorbing form (Pr) and the active, far-red light absorbing form (Pfr).

Plants use phytochromes to sense changes in the ratio of red light (660 nm) to far-red light (730 nm) to measure day length. Phytochrome exists in two interconvertible forms: the inactive Pr (red-light absorbing) and the active Pfr (far-red light absorbing). The ratio of Pr to Pfr can be used by plants to track the duration of daylight.

In long-day plants, exposure to light triggers the conversion of Pr to Pfr, and high levels of Pfr promote the transcription of the gene CO (CONSTANS). CO is a transcription factor that activates the expression of other genes involved in flower development, leading to the formation of flower primordia.

In short-day plants, high levels of Pfr inhibit the transcription of the gene CO, preventing flower development until day length decreases and the Pfr levels decrease.

Therefore, statement A is incorrect, statement B is incorrect, and statement D is partially correct but does not directly answer the question.

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Carbonic H₂CO₃ is a weak acid .

Being a weak acid, H₂CO₃ is unstable in the natural world.

When there is water present, it partially dissociates, releasing H+ and HCO₃- (bicarbonate) ions.

As carbonic acid is a diprotic acid, it can produce both bicarbonates and carbonates as salts.

Bicarbonate salts are produced when a base is added in modest amounts to H₂CO₃ , whereas carbonate salts are produced when a base is added in large amounts.

It should be noted that industrial fermentation procedures or the large-scale burning of fossil fuels can produce carbonic acid as a byproduct.

The preparation of carbonated water, sparkling wine, and other aerated drinks involve the use of carbonic acid.

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The new pressure would be 4 atm. Option D is correct.

The ideal gas law is given by PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin. Since the gas is ideal, the number of moles remains constant.

If the temperature is doubled, the new temperature is 2T. If the volume is halved, the new volume is 0.5V. Substituting these new values into the ideal gas law, we get:

(1 atm) (0.5 V) = nR (2T)

0.5PV = 2nRT

2PV = 4nRT

Solving for P, we get:

P = (4nRT) / (2V) = 4 atm

Therefore, the new pressure is 4 atm.

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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"A system containing 1 atm of an ideal gas is doubled in temperature and halved in volume. What is the new pressure? A) 2 atm B) 1 atm C) 0.5 atm D) 4 atm"--

The increasing concentration of atmospheric oxygen in Earth's early atmosphere is thought to be the result of the emergence and proliferation of photosynthetic organisms such as cyanobacteria.

What is Ethane?

Ethane is a hydrocarbon compound with the chemical formula C2H6. It is a colorless, odorless gas at standard temperature and pressure, and is the second simplest alkane after methane. Ethane is an important industrial chemical that is used primarily as a feedstock for the production of ethylene, which is then used in the manufacture of a wide range of plastics, resins, and other organic chemicals.

These organisms use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic matter and oxygen gas through the process of photosynthesis. Over time, the accumulation of oxygen gas led to the development of the oxygen-rich atmosphere that supports complex life forms such as animals and plants. This process, known as the Great Oxygenation Event, occurred over a period of millions of years and is believed to have fundamentally altered the evolution and ecology of life on Earth.

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