What are polymers? Through which process are they synthesized or made?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Polymers are large molecules with a chain structure that can be linear, branched, and cross-linked. Polymer chains are mainly composed of covalently bonded atoms.

Explanation:

Polymers can be synthesized using  reactants of petrochemical or renewable origin. Polymers can be synthesized in two  methods, by step-growth and chain polymerization. Both ways of polymerization are  random processes during which chains of different lengths are formed.

The basis of step-growth polymerization is the condensation reaction.


Related Questions

Explain why one cell would have so many different kinds of proteins embedded in the cell membrane

Answers

Answer:

membrane proteins play different roles (for example, transport of nutrients, signaling pathways, etc)

Explanation:

Membrane proteins are key components that form and interact with biological membranes. Thus, membrane proteins can be classified as 1-integral membrane proteins which are components of the cell membrane and 2-transmembrane proteins that penetrate the membrane in one or both sides of the membrane.  These proteins account for different cellular functions. Some functions of membrane proteins include:

- Cell structure (attachment to the extracellular matrix and/or the  cytoskeleton)

- Transport of nutrients and waste products  

- Intercellular interaction between cells.  

- Signaling transduction functions

- Cell recognition (e.g., during innate immune responses)

Answer:

Each type of cell has, in its cell membrane, specific proteins that help it control the intracellular environment and that interact with specific signals from its environment.

Explanation:

Some proteins are completely integrated into the membrane and are called membrane proteins or integral transmembrane proteins since they "cover" both layers of the membrane. Transmembrane proteins are useful to the cell because they can interact with molecules outside the cell and send information about the extracellular environment into the cell. Other proteins are more loosely bound to the inside or outside of the membrane and are called peripheral membrane proteins. Peripheral membrane proteins are often used by the cell during signal transduction - the process by which one cell responds to a signal from another cell.

The Golgi apparatus helps to maintain cellular homeostasis by A. synthesizing ATP molecules from glucose during glycolysis. B. transforming absorbed light energy to manufacture carbohydrates. C. controlling which proteins are synthesized during the cell cycle. D. modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins prior to transport.

Answers

D. modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins prior to transport.

The moon has wildly different temperature ranges contrasted with earth because


A.there is no atmosphere for heat energy to be transferred through convection


B.the moon only has night so it never has sunlight to warm up


C.the earth has time to cool off at night, but the moon is always brightly lit.


D.there is not atmosphere for the sun's energy to be transferred through via conduction.

Answers

Answer:

a

Explanation:

I did a test with this as a question

Which does a pyramid of numbers display?

Answers

Answer:

A pyramid of numbers shows the total number of individual organisms at each level in the food chain of an ecosystem

Explanation:

Which best describes the respiratory system?
A: The respiratory system allows for gas exchange, water and heat balance, and production of sound and speech.
B: The respiratory system allows for gas exchange, heat balance, and secretion of hormones.
C: The respiratory system allows for water and heat balance, prevention of disease, and creation of sound and speech.
D:The respiratory system allows for water balance, muscular support, and passage for ingesting food.

Answers

A or B. Because the respirtory system’s main job is to move air into your body while removing waste gases

Answer:

A

Explanation:

EDGE

a) Homologous chromosomes move to opposite ends of dividing cells
b) The DNA of the diploid cell is copied
c) Crossing over decreases genetic diversity
d) During crossing-over, bits and pieces of the homologous chromosomes are exchanged

Answers

Answer:

The answer is D

Explanation:

The answer is D!!! Just took the test

The cells of all organisms contain DNA. In cells of which of the following groups is the cellular DNA enclosed in a nucleus?

A. bacteria.
B. eukaryotes
C. prokaryotes
D. viruses​

Answers

B or c I’m pretty sure it’s b tho

What phase is this in the cells life?

Answers

Answer:

Inter phase

Explanation:

Explain why we (humans) might use fermentation and what would happen if we were unable to use fermentation.

Answers

During the fermentation process, beneficial microbes break down sugars and starches into alcohols and acids, making food more nutritious and preserving it so people can store it for longer periods of time without it spoiling. Fermentation products provide enzymes necessary for digestion.

im so sorry im asking so much of you guys tonight im just under a lot of pressure and need help.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - a. Arginine-leucine-proline-aspargine-lysine-arginine

Explanation:

Amino acids are translated from the mRNA codons with the help of ribosomes and the mRNA that codes amino acids are encoded or transcript the DNA codons in the complementary sequence of DNA. So, to find out the amino acid from the DNA sequence given we need to encode THE DNA sequence in mRNA and then find the amino acid from the chart with the help of mRNA codons-

DNA      TCC  AAT GGC TTA TTT GCA

mRNA   AGG UUA CCG AAU AAA CGU

AA        Arginine-leucine-proline-aspargine-lysine-arginine

What process occurs when the temperature equals
the dewpoint?
A) fog can form B) a cloud forms
C) condensation D) all of the above

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

all the above because gog is a cloud and its condescending

1. Do you think nuclear power is safe to use? Would
you feel comfortable living next to a nuclear power
plant?

Answers

Answer: No, I do not think that nuclear power is safe to use. Any radioactivity in general is dangerous in itself. I would not feel comfortable living near a nuclear power plant, due to the radioactivity, the pollution, and the huge health risks of doing so, such as extremely elevated risk for cancer

Answer:

I don't really think nuclear power is safe to use, it's too unpredictable. I would not want to live anywhere near a nuclear power plant on account of the fact that there have been multiple accidents involving nuclear power plants, for example, Chernobyl in 1986, Fu kushima in 2011, and Three Mile Island in 1979.

Polysaccharides are:
Proteins
Lipids
Unsaturated fats
Carbohydrates

Answers

Answer:

carbohydrates

Explanation:

ive done this


HELP ASAP!!!!!


As nonrenewable resources are used, their supplies decrease. Which of these
actions could protect supplies of a nonrenewable resource for future
generations?
O A. Recycling the resource into other products
O B. Inventing new technologies to extract greater quantities of the
resource
O
C. Designing new products that require the resource
O D. Expanding exploration to find overlooked reserves of the resource

Answers

Answer:

A. Recycling the resource into other products

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Recycling the resource into other products will allow the resource to be reused.  B and C options will use more of the resource. D is just not an option.


Why can't all the energy in one trophic level be transferred to the next?

Answers

Answer:

Energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels because energy is lost as metabolic heat when the organisms from one trophic level are consumed by organisms from the next level. ... A food chain can usually sustain no more than six energy transfers before all the energy is used up.

Explanation:

The average Olympic runner has a mass of 67.8 kg and accelerates at 10.38 m/s2. What is the force accelerated by an Olympic runner?

A. 703.8 N
B. 525 N
C. 120 N
D. 6.5 N

Answers

Answer:

im having trouble with this too unfortunately

Explanation:

Abcdabcdabcdabcd Which is c

What animo acid or protein is affected by cystic fibrosis or has caused cystic fibrosis disorder? I will mark branilist if answered correctly.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

cystic fibrosis can be genetic an example: (CFTR) gene cause the CFTR protein to become dysfunctional.

Which statements describe characteristics of Earth's geosphere? Check all that apply. It is made up of living things. It is mostly solid. It includes liquid water. It includes Earth's surface. It includes Earth's interior. It is made up of gases and airborne particles.

Answers

Answer:

It is mostly solid

It includes Earth's surface

It includes Earth's interior

Answer:

Options B, D,E

Explanation:

What common molecules are made with atoms of nitrogen?

Answers

Answer:

amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, ammonia,

Explanation:

What substance must be available to make the energy of the sun available for living things?
water
carbon dioxide
chlorophyll
oxygen

Answers

Answer:

Carbon dioxide. (and water)

Explanation:

It is necessary for starting the reactants.

Answer:

Chlorophyll

Explanation:

Hope this helps out!! :D


Pls help I’m so confused :(

Answers

Answer:

Left is synthesis, right is digestion

Explanation:

Synthesis refers to the creation of a product, whereas digestion refers to the breakup of the reactant or initial substance.

What is a possible disadvantage of using a smaller contour interval?

Answers

Answer:

U might get lost

Explanation:

6. This system is responsible for filtering out liquid cellular waste that has 10 points
been collected in the bloodstream. It also provides a location to store the
waste until it is ready to be removed from the body. Which body system
is being described?
A-cardiovascular
B-excretory
C-muscular
D-immune

Answers

B) Excretory system excretes wastes from our bodies

Answer:

the correct answer is B

Explanation:

cardiovascular is your heart pumping blood

muscular is your muscles

immune is how you fight of disease

so that would only leave B-excretory

All unicellular organisms are prokaryotic.
True or false

Answers

Answer:

TRUE!! All prokaryotic organisms are unicellular.

Explanation:

Can you list the animals under the correct classification

Answers

Answer:

1a= fish

b= Frog

Explanation:

Just trying

What happens during fertilization that makes the offspring unique compared to the original cells?
Please write the answer in one sentence!
And please, if you do not know the answer, please don´t answer.

Answers

Answer:

The union of an egg and sperm forming a zygote is known in biology as fertilization, during this process the zygote becomes a morula, meaning that the female reproductive cell divides after that union generating many other cells together into a solid ball of cells, giving rise to the embryo with the potential for development, fostered by chemical reactions among the sperm enzymes and the egg's plasma; mitosis and meiosis are included throughout the whole process.

how do plants store long term energy?

Answers

Answer:

Plants store long term energy in their glucose until they need the energy to use it.

Explanation:

Cellular respiration is a series of complicated reactions. Some of the enzymes that are necessary for the reactions to take place effectively are not produced by the body and must be eaten in a person's diet. Which answer correctly explains what happens when a person's diet lacks the necessary enzymes for cellular respiration?

Answers

Answer:

Lack of necessary enzymes for cellular respiration will lead to a decrease in the cell's energy level will diminish as the enzyme decreases.

Explanation:

Cellular respiration is a bunch of metabolic responses and cycles that occur in the cells of life forms to change over compound energy from oxygen atoms or supplements into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and afterward discharge side-effects.

The responses engaged with breath are catabolic responses, which break enormous particles into more modest ones, delivering energy in light of the fact that frail high-energy bonds, specifically in sub-atomic oxygen, are supplanted by more grounded bonds in the items.

Respiration is one of the key ways a cell discharges substance energy to fuel cell movement. The general response happens in a progression of biochemical advances, some of which are redox responses. Albeit cell breath is in fact a burning response, it unmistakably doesn't take after one when it happens in a living cell in view of the moderate, controlled arrival of energy from the arrangement of responses.

Answer:

D.  The cell's energy level will diminish as the enzyme decreases

What are the codons for lysine?

Answers

Answer:

AAA, AAG

Explanation:

hope it helps..

( I search it)

Answer:

arginine

GCA, GCG, GCT, GCC

TCT, TCC

CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG

AGA, AGG

GCA, GCG, GCU, GCC

UCU, UCC

asparagine

TTA, TTG

AAU, AAC

UUA, UUG

aspartate

CTA, CTG

GAU, GAC

CUA, CUG

cysteine

ACA, ACG

UGU, UGC

ACA, ACG

glutamate

CTT, CTC

GAA, GAG

CUU, CUC

glutamine

GTT, GTC

CAA, CAG

GUU, GUC

glycine

CCA, CCG, CCT, CCC

GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG

CCA, CCG, CCU, CCC

histidine

GTA, GTG

CAU, CAC

GUA, GUG

isoleucine

TAA, TAG, TAT

AUU, AUC, AUA

UAA, UAG, UAU

leucine

AAT, AAC, GAA, GAG

GAT, GAC

UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC

CUA, CUG

AAU, AAC, GAA, GAG

GAU, GAC

lysine

TTT, TTC

AAA, AAG

UUU, UUC

methionine

TAC

AUG

UAC

phenylalanine

AAA, AAG

UUU, UUC

AAA, AAG

proline

GGA, GGG, GGT, GGC

CCU, CCC, CCA, CCG

GGA, GGG, GGU, GGC

serine

AGA, AGG, AGT, AGC

TCA, TCG

UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG

AGU, AGC

AGA, AGG, AGU, AGC

UCA, UCG

stop

ATT, ATC, ACT

UAA, UAG, UGA

AUU, AUC, ACU

threonine

TGA, TGG, TGT, TGC

ACU, ACC, ACA, ACG

UGA, UGG, UGU, UGC

tryptophan

ACC

UGG

ACC

tyrosine

ATA, ATG

UAU, UAC

AUA, AUG

valine

CAA, CAG, CAT, CAC

GUU, GUC, GUA, GUG

CAA

two importance of proteins in human​

Answers

Answer:

Growth and Maintenance. Your body needs protein for growth and maintenance of tissues. Yet, your body’s proteins are...

Causes Biochemical Reactions. Enzymes may also function outside the cell, such as digestive enzymes like lactase and...

Acts as a Messenger. Some proteins are hormones, which are chemical messengers...

Explanation:

your welcome

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