Which of the following activities is management performing if they are at step two of the control process?
Multiple Choice
a)measuring actual outputs resulting from the behavior of employees
b)determining whether standards are being met and deciding what to do
c)initiating corrective actions if standards are not being achieved
d)determining which standards of performance will be measured

When the price of a good falls, consumers may increase the quantity consumed because they have greater total purchasing power. This statement describes the income effect. Option b is the correct choice.

The income effect is defined as the change in an individual's or economy's quantity demanded of a good or service due to a change in their purchasing power caused by a change in real income. When the price of a good decreases, the consumer's purchasing power increases, resulting in an increase in their real income.

As a result, they can purchase more goods or services than before. This effect is known as the income effect because the price decrease increases the consumer's real income and leads to a change in the amount of goods and services they can purchase.

The income effect can have a positive or negative impact on the quantity of a good demanded, depending on the type of good. Normal goods, for example, are items for which demand rises as income rises, whereas inferior goods are items for which demand decreases as income rises. When the price of a normal good falls, the income effect of the lower price would cause the consumer's purchasing power to rise, allowing them to buy more of the good.

As a result, the quantity of the good demanded increases. Conversely, for inferior goods, when the price falls, the income effect of the lower price would result in the consumer's purchasing power increasing, allowing them to purchase more of the good; however, since it is an inferior good, the consumer would instead opt for a superior substitute, reducing the quantity of the inferior good demanded.

Therefore, the income effect has a significant impact on a consumer's buying decision.

So, option b is right choice.

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Answer:

Quality assurance.

(QA) is any systematic process of determining whether a product or service meets specified requirements.

ISO 9000 is a series of quality assurance standards designed to ensure consistent product quality under many conditions.

ISO 9000 is a family of quality management system standards that includes ISO 9001. They help businesses of all types and sizes improve their efficiency and customer satisfaction while adhering to international quality management system standards. The ISO 9000 family of standards aims to help businesses ensure that they meet the needs of customers and stakeholders while adhering to regulatory and statutory requirements related to a product or service. They are the most widely recognized quality management standards globally.

The ISO 9000 series of standards is essential because it guarantees that businesses adhere to regulatory and statutory requirements. It assists organizations in providing goods and services that meet regulatory requirements and customer expectations by ensuring consistency in business processes. It enables businesses to keep customers informed of their progress, resulting in greater confidence in the organization's ability to produce high-quality goods and services.

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A corporation that pools money from several people and invests it in securities like stocks, bonds, and short-term debt is known as a mutual fund. The portfolio of a mutual fund refers to all of its holdings. Mutual fund shares are purchased by investors.

What is mutual funds?

In general, mutual funds are considered to be a secure investment and an excellent method for investors to diversify with little risk. A mutual fund may not always be the best option for a market participant, particularly when it comes to costs.

Investing in short-term fixed-income assets is done via money market funds. Government securities such as bonds, Treasury bills, commercial paper, and certificates of deposit are examples of short-term fixed-income assets.

Mutual Fund Schemes are not products with guaranteed returns. Investing risks such as trading volume, settlement risk, liquidity risk, default risk, and potential principle loss are present when purchasing mutual fund units.

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In the following question, The reason a firm would be interested in knowing the price elasticity of demand for a good is to determine how changes in the price of the goodwill affect the firm's total revenue.

The elasticity of demand is the degree to which consumers alter their demand for goods and services in response to price modifications. It's used to determine how much buyers reduce their purchasing of a certain good or service when the price of that good or service changes. If demand for a good or service is relatively inelastic, a price hike will result in a smaller reduction in the quantity demanded than if the demand were elastic.

If demand for a good or service is relatively elastic, a price hike will result in a greater reduction in the quantity demanded than if the demand were inelastic.

Therefore, the reason a firm would be interested in knowing the price elasticity of demand for a good is to determine how changes in the price of the goodwill affect the firm's total revenue. The price elasticity of demand allows the firm to calculate how changes in the price of the goodwill affect the firm's total revenue.

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Sometimes supplier selection is based on reciprocity, which means a buyer and a seller agree to purchase each other's goods and services.

Reciprocity is a principle or strategy of social action, which states that when someone does something for us, we feel obliged to do something in return. The principle of reciprocity is based on the idea that people respond to positive actions with positive actions.

In other words, if someone does us a favor, we feel compelled to return the favor. In business, reciprocity is a critical consideration when selecting a supplier. Companies sometimes base their decisions on the concept of reciprocity.

When one firm agrees to buy from another, that second firm may feel obligated to purchase from the first company as well. This may create a sense of loyalty or a partnership between the two firms.

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Making decisions, according to Mintzberg, is the most important aspect of any managerial action.

This entails resolving issues, coming up with fresh concepts, and putting them into action. Troubleshooter - The manager is the one who needs to take control when a team or organisation encounters an unforeseen obstacle. You must also assist in mediating conflicts there. Figurehead, manager, liaison, monitor, debunker, spokesperson, entrepreneurial, disruption handler, resource allocator, & negotiator are the ten jobs according to Mintzberg (1973).  He distinguishes four roles—entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator—based on various types of decisions.

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Some potential pitfalls and risks that should be considered in using a strategic-management approach to decision making include:

Strategic management often involves analyzing past performance and using that information to guide future decision-making. However, relying too heavily on past data can be problematic if the underlying assumptions or circumstances have changed.

Strategic management can also lead to a rigid or inflexible approach to decision-making. If a company is too focused on following a pre-determined strategy, it may fail to adapt to changing circumstances or opportunities.

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Option (a), an illustration of an in-text citation following a direct quote is King (1967, para. 17).

In-text citations are the brief citations you include in the written text to help the reader understand which sources you are quoting or referring to, such as (1) or McEwan, 2022. References are the complete details of the source that you have cited in your writing.

An in-text citation is the abbreviated form of the reference that you include in the body of your work. It gives you enough information to figure out the source in your list of references. The brief form typically includes: the name of the author's family, and year of publication.

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The instantaneous rate of change of demand with respect to price when the price is $6.21 is approximately -4.87 pounds per dollar

Price-Demand Equation At Yester Mart, people are willing to buy a pounds of chocolate candy per day at $p b dollars per quarter pound, as given by the price-demand equation z = a + where р a = 10 and b= 190.To find the instantaneous rate of change of demand with respect to price when the price is $6.21, the steps are as follows:

Step 1: Substitute the values of р a, b and p in the price-demand equation. z = 10 + 190/p

Step 2: Take the derivative of both sides with respect to p to obtain the instantaneous rate of change of demand.dz/dp = -190/p²

Step 3: Substitute p = $6.21 in the above equation to find the instantaneous rate of change of demand with respect to price when the price is $6.21.dz/dp = -190/6.21²≈ -4.87 pounds per dollar (rounded to 2 decimal places)

As a result, at a price of $6.21, the instantaneous rate of change of demand with respect to price is roughly -4.87 pounds per dollar.

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Involvement  is a motivational state caused by consumer perceptions that a product, brand, or advertisement is relevant or interesting

Customer perception is the collection of ideas, feelings, and presumptions people hold about your brand. It is essential for boosting customer loyalty and retention as well as brand awareness and reputation. Customer impression is important since it affects a business's bottom line. Let us imagine a client decides to stop receiving subscriptions from your business because they are so unhappy with your reputation. You could think it is a little setback. In reality, a range of factors, including positive or even emotive brand connotations as well as unfavourable brand linkages, can affect brand image and consumer behaviour.

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Option a is Correct. These are the appropriate statements based on the graphs depicting the potential outcomes of a competitive enterprise and a monopoly in the same market: QM Qc Market size in a competitive industry.

A single company controls the amount of supply and the price of goods and services in a monopolistic market. There are many enterprises participating in a highly competitive market, and there is no dominant player. In a monopolistically competitive market, there are numerous sellers, to start.

Second, firms can enter and leave the market at any time under monopolistic competition since there are no restrictions on doing so. It resembles a corporation in perfect competition because of these two characteristics.

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The South Dakota Sioux Tribe has not officially taken a stance on the issue of checkpoints related to the coronavirus.

Coronavirus is a contagious virus that was first identified in 2019 and is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. It is a member of the family of viruses that can cause a range of illnesses in humans, from the common cold to more severe diseases such as SARS and MERS. Symptoms of coronavirus vary but may include fever, muscle pain, dry cough, sore throat and difficulty breathing. The virus is mainly spread through person-to-person contact and through contact with contaminated objects and surfaces. It is important to practice good hygiene such as washing hands frequently and avoiding close contact with people who are sick.

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Answer:

The correct answer is inflation risk.

Explanation:

you got this!

To find the number of minutes that 10% of patients will have to wait less than, we need to use the standard normal distribution table. First, we need to find the z-score corresponding to the 10th percentile.

Using a standard normal distribution table, we find that the z-score corresponding to the 10th percentile is approximately -1.28.

We can use the z-score formula to find the corresponding raw score (number of minutes) in the distribution:

z = (x - μ) / σ

where x is the raw score, μ is the mean, and σ is the standard deviation.

Plugging in the values we have:

-1.28 = (x - 21.3) / 6.7

Solving for x:

x = -1.28 * 6.7 + 21.3

x = 12.06

Therefore, approximately 10% of patients will have to wait less than 12.1 minutes to see a doctor.

ATC − Priced = $17 - $20 = -$3 per unit is the result, meaning the firm is losing money. It is still making enough money to cover its variable costs, so it might keep running for the foreseeable future.

A company that offers professional services is referred to as a firm. This can be a corporation, a limited liability corporation (LLC), as well as partnership. Most businesses have a single location.

It is believed to have derived from the German Firma signifying 'a business, title of a business,' which comes from the Italian term Firma, meaning 'signature' with Firmare 'to sign'. Firmare originally meant "to make firm, assert," and by late Latin it also had the meaning "to confirm (by signature)".

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Different economic strata have varying degrees of authority when it comes to who may enact and enforce rules in society, according to C. Wright Mills.

American sociologist C. Wright Mills is credited with creating the idea of the power elite. The power elite, in Mills' view, consists of a small number of individuals who control a disproportionate amount of social power. Leaders from the political, economic, and military spheres collaborate to reshape society in accordance with their goals.

Mills held that the power elite acted covertly, using their clout to sway public opinion, enact and uphold laws, and affect the direction of society. He maintained that different economic classes have varying degrees of influence on who may enact and uphold social laws.

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The correct option is B. ​If processes must be performed in a specific sequence, the information should be documented in the process descriptions.

​

The process description typically includes information about the inputs, the steps involved in the process, and the outputs. A process is a sequence of tasks or activities that transform inputs into outputs. It can be described as a series of steps or actions that must be taken in order to achieve a specific goal or objective.

it is important to identify the inputs required for the process to begin. This could include materials, data, or personnel.  Finally, the outputs of the process should be identified and described. These outputs could be products, services, or data. It is also important to consider any quality control measures that may be in place to ensure that the outputs meet the required standards.

Overall, a process description provides a clear and concise overview of how a particular task or activity is performed, from start to finish. It can be used to improve efficiency, increase productivity, and ensure consistency in the output of the process.

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Complete Question:

​If processes must be performed in a specific sequence, the information should be documented in the _____.

​

a. ​data flow diagram (DFD)

b. ​process descriptions

c. ​leveling guide

d. ​data dictionary

A plant has an effective capacity of 900 units per day and produce 800 units per day with its product mix. The plant efficiency 88.89% .

Efficiency is the maximum degree of performance that requires the fewest inputs and produces the greatest amount of output. Efficiency calls for less superfluous resources, such as one's own time and energy, being spent to create a particular outcome.

Efficiency is a notion that may be measured by comparing the usable output to the entire input. When achieving the intended outcome, increased efficiency reduces the waste of resources including time, energy, and physical materials.

It stands for the proportion of achieved effective capacity.

Depending on how facilities are used and run, obtaining 100 percent efficiency may occasionally be difficult or even impossible.

The capacity of the operations managers to increase productivity is usually used to evaluate them.

To calculate efficiency, we need to use the following formula:

Efficiency = Actual Output / Effective Capacity x 100

Actual Output : 800 units/day

Effective Capacity : 900 units/day

Now we need to calculate efficiency, by substituting the given values from the question into the efficiency formula:

Efficiency = 800/900 x 100 = 88.9%.

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Option d: The organization will need to obtain a nonresident business entity license, and its producers will need to obtain nonresident licenses is correct.

A business entity is an organization established to conduct business. The type of entity incorporated affects how a company is taxed and how it faces liability.

There are mainly he five types of business entities. Sole proprietorships and general partnerships are partnerships. A limited liability partnership provides investors with a degree of liability protection. Corporations and LLCs separate personal and business taxes and responsibilities.

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Complete question:

An organization licensed as a producer business entity based in New York would like to transact insurance in New Jersey. Which of the following is true?

a) The organization will not have to obtain a nonresident license, unless more than 50% of its business is conducted in New Jersey. However, its producers will need to obtain nonresident licenses.

b) The organization will not have to obtain a nonresident license, since it is a business entity. However, all of its producers will need to have nonresident licenses.

c) The organization will need to obtain a nonresident business entity license, which will secure nonresident status for the business itself and all of its producers.

d) The organization will need to obtain a nonresident business entity license, and its producers will need to obtain nonresident licenses

It is true that internet or online banks are sometimes able to offer higher interest rates on products because they don't have to spend money on brick-and-mortar bank locations increase companies cost to offer services.

A bank is a financial institution that is authorized to accept deposits from individuals and businesses and use those funds to make loans and investments. Banks are regulated by government authorities to ensure they operate in a safe and sound manner and protect their customers' deposits. Banks offer a range of services to their customers, including checking and savings accounts, loans, credit cards, and investment products. They also provide services such as wire transfers, currency exchange, and safe deposit boxes. Banks generate revenue by charging fees and interest on loans and investments, and by investing their own funds in profitable ventures. In addition to traditional brick-and-mortar banks, there are now online-only banks and mobile banking apps that offer convenient access to banking services.

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The gain on the disposal of the machine is $15,000.

As per the information provided, the company sold the machine for $30,000 cash. The cost of the machine was $60,000, and its accumulated depreciation was $45,000. The machine had a useful life of 10 years and a salvage value of $5,000.

Depreciation per year can be calculated using the formula: Depreciation per year = (Cost - Salvage value) / Useful life= ($60,000 - $5,000) / 10= $5,500.

Depreciation for the machine's life is $5,500 x 10 = $55,000.

Book value at the time of disposal = Cost - Accumulated depreciation= $60,000 - $45,000= $15,000.

Since the company sold the machine for $30,000, the gain or loss on the disposal can be calculated as:

Gain or loss = Sale price - Book value= $30,000 - $15,000= $15,000.

The company has a gain of $15,000 on the disposal of the machine.

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Complete Question

Choi Inc. sold a machine for $30,000 cash. The following data are available for the machine as of the disposal date:

Cost $60,000

Accumulated depreciation 45,000

Useful life 10 years

Salvage value 5,000

What is the gain or loss on the disposal of the machine?

The balance sheet is balanced since the bank has the necessary reserve of $90 (10% of $900) in place.

Assuming the reserve requirement is 10%, the initial balance sheet is:

Assets                      Liabilities and Equity

Reserves $100 Transaction Deposits $1,000

Loans $600                   CDs $500

Bonds $0                      Equity $0

After the deposit outflow of $100, the new transaction deposits balance is $900, and the required reserve is $90 (10% of $900). The bank needs to sell bonds to meet the reserve requirement, so let's assume the bank sells $10 worth of bonds. The new balance sheet becomes:

Assets                          Liabilities and Equity

Reserves $100 Transaction Deposits $900

Loans $600                        CDs $500

Bonds $10                               Equity $0

The bank now has the required reserve of $90 (10% of $900), so the balance sheet balances.

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Answer:

To switch from a product to a customer orientation, companies must undertake structural changes that align with their new focus on customer management. Companies should invest in process harmonization, standardization, and formal IT-enabled workflows to make cross-functional and cross-unit coordination easier. Additionally, companies must adapt their organizational structure, goals, purpose, strategy, mission, and employee performance to align with the new customer orientation

Explanation:

Companies should consider the following structural changes:

Structural change: Companies must adapt their organizational structure to align with the new customer orientation. This includes changing the organization's hierarchy, chain of command, management systems, job structure, and administrative procedures.

Strategic change: Companies must make changes to the overall goals, purpose, strategy, or mission of the organization. This involves changing what products or services the company offers, the target customer segments or markets the company tries to reach, how the company distributes its products or services, its position in the global economy, and who it will partner with for manufacturers, distributors, and other logistical needs.

People changes: Companies must improve employee performance, skills, attitudes, behaviour, and loyalty to the organization, as well as enhance manager-subordinate relationships, group cohesion, and employee sense of achievement. This involves replacing all of the top-level managers in hopes of creating a new organizational culture, or small-scale changes such as working to change employee attitudes through things such as team building or other behavioral activities.

Process change: Companies must improve the overall workflow efficiency and productivity within an organization. This involves making changes to an organization's production operations, such as how it produces its products, how it delivers its services or how it handles everyday business practices.

The top 20 places in Manhattan with a dolocationid are determined by this function's sum of passenger count.

It determines the top 20 Manhattan locations based on the overall number of passengers picked up or dropped off at each location. This information is presumably obtained using data from ride-sharing or taxi services, and the function may be used for a number of things, including identifying popular tourist attractions and examining traffic patterns.

Of New York City's five boroughs, Manhattan has the highest population density. Manhattan Island makes up the majority of it, while the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers form its borders.

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complete question -

"This function determines the top 20 locations with a doLocationID in Manhattan by ___________."

A. Average passenger fare

B. Total number of trips

C. Sum of passenger count

D. Minimum passenger count

The given statement "If a business venture is predicted to generate positive accounting profit, then the firm should always follow through in pursuing this business venture" is True because if a business venture is predicted to generate positive accounting profit, then the firm should always follow through in pursuing this business venture.

Accounting profit is the difference between a company's total revenue and total expenses, including the explicit cost of operating the business. Accounting profit is not the same as economic profit, which takes into account implicit costs, such as opportunity costs that are not included in accounting profit.

Therefore, if the accounting profit is greater than the total costs incurred, the company would benefit from pursuing the business venture. So, yes, if a business venture is predicted to generate positive accounting profit, then the firm should always follow through in pursuing this business venture.

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Based on the positive NPV of $419,910, I would recommend that Harlow accept the device as a new product.

Year Sales in units Sales Revenue Variable Costs Contribution Margin Fixed Expenses Net Cash Inflow

1 6,000 $420,000 $240,000 $180,000 $130,000 $50,000

2 9,000 $630,000 $360,000 $270,000 $130,000 $140,000

3 10,000 $700,000 $400,000 $300,000 $130,000 $170,000

4 12,000 $840,000 $480,000 $360,000 $130,000 $230,000

5 9,000 $630,000 $360,000 $270,000 $130,000 $140,000

6 7,000 $490,000 $280,000 $210,000 $130,000 $80,000

Step 2/5

b. Based on the positive NPV of $419,910, I would recommend that Harlow accept the device as a new product. The NPV indicates that the project is expected to generate more cash inflows than outflows, providing a return higher than the required rate of return of 10%.

Step 3/5

3.

a. NPV calculation with a required rate of return of 12%:

Year Net Cash Inflow Present Value Factor (12%) Present Value

1 $50,000 0.893 $44,650

2 $140,000 0.797 $111,940

3 $170,000 0.712 $121,040

4 $230,000 0.636 $146,280

5 $140,000 0.567 $79,380

6 $80,000 0.507 $40,560

NPV = Present Value of Net Cash Inflows - Initial Investment

= ($543,850 - $157,500)

= $386,350

Step 4/5

b. Based on the positive NPV of $386,350, I would still recommend that Harlow accept the device as a new product even with a higher required rate of return of 12%. The project is still expected to generate more cash inflows than outflows, providing a return higher than the required rate of return.

Step 5/5

4. The general observation is that as the required rate of return increases from 10% to 12%, the NPV decreases from $419,910 to $386,350.

This suggests that the higher the required rate of return, the lower the expected return on investment for the project, which may reduce the project's attractiveness.

However, the project still generates a positive NPV at both

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Harlow Appliance has just developed a new air fryer it believes will have broad market appeal. The company has performed marketing and cost studies that revealed the below information:

A. New equipment would have to be acquired to produce the air fryer. The equipment would cost $157,500 and have a six-year useful life. After six years, it would have a salvage value of $7,500.

B. Sales in units over the next six years are projected to be as follows:

YEAR

SALES IN UNITS

1

4,500

2

6,000

3

7,000

4-6

10,000

C. Production and sales of the air fryer would require working capital of $30,000 to finance accounts receivable, inventories, and day-to-day cash needs. This working capital would be released at the end of the project’s life.

D. The air fryer would sell for $70 each; variable costs for production, administration, and sales would be $40 per unit.

E. Fixed costs for salaries, maintenance, property taxes, insurance, and straight-line depreciation on the equipment would total $100,000 per year. (Depreciation is based on cost less salvage value.)

F. To gain rapid entry into the market, the company would have to advertise and the costs would be:

YEAR

ANNUAL ADVERTISING ($)

1-2

$135,000

3

$112,500

4-6

$90,000

G. The company’s required rate of return is 10%.

Requirements

Based on the above details, please complete the below requirements for a total grade of 60 marks (5%).

1. Compute the net cash inflow (incremental contribution margin minus incremental fixed expenses) anticipated from sale of the device for each year over the next six years. (20 marks)

2. Using the data computed in (1) above and other data provided in the case,

(a) determine the net present value of the proposed investment rounding present value factors to three decimal places and amounts to whole dollars. (18 marks)

(b) Would you recommend that Harlow accept the device as a new product? Why? (2 marks)

3. Assuming instead that the required rate of return is 12% rather than 10%,

(a) determine the net present value of the proposed investment rounding present value factors to three decimal places and amounts to whole dollars. (15 marks)

(b) Would you recommend that Harlow accept the device as a new product? Why? (2 marks)

4. When comparing parts 2 and 3, what general observation do you notice? (1 mark)

One of the biggest drawbacks of employees telecommuting for managers in an organisation is typically less direct monitoring.

Possible drawbacks to working from home. Working too much, having less free time, having trouble separating work and personal life, having less time for family, feeling lonely, losing visibility for promotions, and having trouble remotely managing workers who work from home. contingent personnel.

At home, there may be more distractions for the worker, which would reduce productivity. You might have missed the social aspect of working alongside coworkers. The security of the business could be compromised by a remote office.

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