According to the serial endosymbiosis hypothesis, the following did mitochondria evolve is from free-living procryotics.
The endosymbiosis theory is a theory that states that eukaryotic organisms originated from the evolution of single-celled prokaryotic organisms. The single-celled prokaryotic organisms that turn into mitochondria are aerobic bacteria.
Mitochondria are the cell's energy-producing organelles with a two-layer, indented inner membrane and a broad, smooth membrane. The endosymbiosis theory explains that aerobic bacteria which are prokaryotic cell types are swallowed by large organisms but are not digested and live in the host cell. So aerobic bacteria enter into symbiosis by transferring their DNA to the host cell and live inseparably. The bacteria then turn into mitochondria in the eukaryotic cell body.
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Which of the following statements describe sea urchin reproduction but not human reproduction? Check all that apply. Fertilization is almost immediately followed by a strong depolarization of the egg plasma membrane, preventing additional sperm from fusing with the egg. The egg is surrounded by a mineralized shell added before the egg exits the body. The egg is surrounded by a vitelline coat and a thick outer jelly layer.
The egg in Sea imps is girdled by a mineralized shell added before the egg exits the body to the external terrain.
The correct answer is option B.
This doesn't do in the humans because the egg doesn't leave the body but fertilized internally. Sea imps reproduce by transferring shadows of eggs and sperm into the water. Millions of naiads are formed, but only a sprinkle make it back to the oceanfront to grow into grown-ups. It may sound like a parlous life strategy. But in the ocean, it works. Nearly every beast that lives along the reinforcement — from mussels to ocean stars to some species of fish — sends its youthful on an open ocean trip before they return home to grow into grown-ups along the oceanfront. “ One of the big challenges in understanding marine life cycles is understanding how naiads do this, ” says Hodin, who's working with a exploration platoon that's trying to learn how grandiloquent ocean imps find their way home.
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The complete question is as follows:
Which of the following statements describe sea urchin reproduction but not human reproduction? Check all that apply. Fertilization is almost immediately followed by a strong depolarization of the egg plasma membrane, preventing additional sperm from fusing with the egg. The egg is surrounded by a mineralized shell added before the egg exits the body. The egg is surrounded by a vitelline coat and a thick outer jelly layer.
a. Fertilization is almost immediately followed by a strong depolarization of the egg plasma membrane, preventing additional sperm from fusing with the egg.
b. The egg is surrounded by a vitelline coat and a thick outer jelly layer.
c. The egg is surrounded by a mineralized shell added before the egg exits the body.
Liverworts, hornworts, and mosses are found on all seven continents. Their survival in harsh environments is aided by
The correct option is C ; Mycorrhizae , True mosses, like liverworts and hornworts, connect to their substrate by rhizoids and have a gametophyte-dominated life cycle.
Mosses reproduce by fertilized spores, similar to liverworts, hornworts, and seedless vascular plants. Moss. Green vegetative microphylls with sporagium emerging (which hold the sexual spores). Mosses, liverworts, and hornworts are together known as bryophytes.
They are non-vascular plants, meaning they lack roots and vascular tissue and instead take water and nutrients from the air via their surface (e.g., their leaves). Moss rhizoids are multicellular, whereas hornwort and liverwort rhizoids are unicellular. The sporophytes of mosses and hornworts have real stomata (breathing pores), whereas liverworts do not.
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Full Question ;
Liverworts, hornworts, and mosses are found on all seven continents. Their survival in harsh environments is aided by:
a. long roots.
b. tracheids.
c. mycorrhizae.
d. dispersal by fungi.
e. a thick cuticle.
match the blood cell types to their structural characteristics. pale pink cytoplasm with fine granules; nucleus is multilobed and stains deep purple; 40-70% of wbc
A bi-lobed nucleus with sizable, eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules that stain red to pink is characteristic of eosinophils.
What occurs if the eosinophil count is high or low?It may be urgent if your eosinophil count is really high. If left untreated, it could harm several organs. Alcohol intoxication or an overproduction of cortisol, such as in Cushing's illness, can cause a low eosinophil count. The body normally produces the hormone cortisol.
What does the eosinophil count mean?Blood tests that measure eosinophils, a particular type of white blood cell, are known as absolute eosinophil counts. Your eosinophils become active when you have particular allergic diseases, infections, and other health problems.
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which of the following best explains how the pattern of dna arrangement in chromosomes could be used, in most cases, to determine if an organism was a prokaryote or a eukaryote?
Prokaryotic DNA ---> Single circular chromosome : Eukaryotic DNA ---> Multiple linear chromosomes
How to determine if an organism was a prokaryote or eukaryote?Pattern of DNA arrangement in chromosomes can be used to determine if an organism is prokaryote or eukaryote because prokaryotes and eukaryotes have different types of chromosomes. In prokaryotes, DNA is arranged in a single and circular chromosome whereas eukaryotes have multiple and linear chromosomes.
Prokaryotes lack nucleus, so the DNA is not enclosed within nuclear membrane. Instead, DNA is found in the cytoplasm, as a single, circular chromosome and this chromosome is referred to as the bacterial chromosome.
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Note: The question given on the portal is incomplete. Here is the complete question.
Question: Which of the following best explains how the pattern of DNA arrangement in chromosomes could be used, in most cases, to determine if an organism was a prokaryote or a eukaryote?
Prokaryotic DNA--> Single circular chromosome; Eukaryotic DNA--->Multiple linear chromosomes
Prokaryotic DNA--> have multiple, linear chromosome ; Eukaryotic DNA--->DNA is arranged in a single, circular chromosome
Prokaryotic DNA--> distinct nucleus,; Eukaryotic DNA--->no nucleus
Someone please help asap!
What is the structure of the following statement? "Our city is plagued with polluted water, and until we pass stricter laws about dumping into the river, it is going to continue.
A. Cause and effect
B. Problem and solution
C. Description
D. Sequence
Which one of the following statements correctly characterizes human population size throughout history?
Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
Answer choices
The human population grew slowly before the Black Death, then plateaued after the Industrial Revolution.
The human population has gotten larger over time, with declining growth rates after the Industrial Revolution.
The rate of population growth has been increasing consistently throughout human history, only dipping during the Black Death.
The human population size grew gradually until the Black Death and then grew rapidly after the Industrial Revolution.
With dwindling growth rates following the Industrial Revolution, the human population has increased over time.
What is an illustration of a population?The complete student body of a school is an example of a population. At the moment of data collection, it would comprise every student accepted in that organization. Each of these pupils' data is gathered, depending on the issue statement.
What is the most accurate way to define a population?A population is defined as the quantity of the same species of organisms that are present in a given location at the same time and have the ability to interbreed. Individuals need to be able to mate with any other people in the population and have fruitful offspring for interbreeding to happen.
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give reason scientific studies is important.
what level of classification do 2 organisms have to be in to be able to reproduce successfully
When populations of organisms cease to successfully breed (called reproductive isolation) they are then considered separate species.
species According to the most widely used species definition, the biological species concept, a species is a group of organisms that can potentially interbreed, or mate, with one another to produce viable, fertile offspring.
Using the Punnett square diagrams, which phenotype is controlled
by a dominant allele?
Two Generations of Pea Plant Crossings
A- Y = yellow
B- y = green
C- Y = Yellow
Answer:
The phenotype controlled by a dominant allele in this case is yellow, which is represented by the capital letter Y.
Explanation:
In biosafety, containment is primarily achieved through assessment and establishment of the following three protective measures:
Risk Assessment, Agent Classification, and Lab Associated Infections
Work Practices, Airflow Rates, and Biosafety Committees
Safety Equipment, Risk Assessment, and Substitution Controls
Work Practices, Safety Equipment, and Facility Design
In biosafety, containment is primarily achieved through assessment and the establishment of the following three protective measures: work practices, safety equipment, and facility design, which is the last option.
What is the biosafety measurement?Risk assessment and agent classification are important components of biosafety, and work practices such as developing and implementing standard operating procedures and providing training to laboratory personnel help to ensure it. In addition, personal protective equipment (PPE) should be provided.
Hence, in biosafety, containment is primarily achieved through assessment and the establishment of the following three protective measures: work practices, safety equipment, and facility design, which is the last option.
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some proteins are involved in gene expression and include a protein which assists in synthesizing rna from dna called __________
Answer:
RNA polymerases
Explanation:
Some proteins are involved in gene expression and include a protein which assists in synthesizing rna from dna called RNA polymerases.
If its nucleus and DNA were missing, a plant cell would be unable to do which of the following? Select all that apply. Check All That Apply - Differentiate into a specialized cell - Divide into two daughter cells - Pass on hereditary information - Synthesize new proteins
DNA deficiency and lack of nucleation prevent DNA-free cells from dividing into two daughter cells. as a result of the nuclear matter being divided into two daughter cells and being doubled during cell division.
Since DNA is the only component of heridity that they lack, they are unable to pass on hereditary information.
They are unable to produce protein because DNA converts to RNA, which is then translated into protein during protein synthesis. Protein synthesis cannot occur in a cell that lacks DNA.
The aforementioned choices are all valid.
A cell can only transmit genetic information with the aid of DNA.Without the nucleus, cell division would not be possible.DNA assists in the creation of new proteins.Through gene expression, which is only made possible with the aid of DNA, cells differentiate.Learn more about ‘ nucleus and DNA ’ visit here;
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When activated, some receptor proteins catalyze the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to another protein. Such receptor proteins are known as protein
a. esterases.
b. proteases.
c. kinases.
d. phosphatases.
e. hydrolases.
Answer:
c. kinases.
Explanation:
The receptor proteins that catalyze the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to another protein are known as protein kinases. Therefore, the correct option is c. kinases.
1) In some species very few eggs are
produced by the females. Which
reproductive pattern is most
characteristic of these species?
In the case of species where very few eggs are produced by the females the reproductive pattern that is most characteristic of these species is Internal fertilization followed by internal embryonic development.
What is the process of internal fertilization followed by internal embryonic development?Internal fertilization and internal embryonic development make reference to a type of sexual reproduction involving fertilization within the body of the female,
Therefore, with this data, we can see that internal fertilization and internal embryonic development are crucial reproductive phenomena which are used by different species in order to generate offspring.
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you have finished sterilizing your inoculation loop using the bunsen burner, but realized you need to leave your bench to get the media you intend to inoculate. what should you do with your sterilized loop to prevent needing to sterilize it again? view available hint(s)for part j you have finished sterilizing your inoculation loop using the bunsen burner, but realized you need to leave your bench to get the media you intend to inoculate. what should you do with your sterilized loop to prevent needing to sterilize it again? place the loop in a test tube rack, loop side up, to prevent the loop from touching a surface. place the loop on a lab bench that has previously been cleaned with disinfectant. place the loop in your lab coat pocket to prevent it from touching the lab bench. place the loop on the lab bench so that only the handle is on the bench and the loop part is hanging over the edge of the bench, preventing the loop from touching a surface.
To prevent the sterilized inoculation loop from sterilizing again, one should: (a) place the loop in a test tube rack, loop side up, to prevent the loop from touching a surface.
Inoculation loop is a simple laboratory tool used to pick and transfer microorganisms from one place to another. The loop is made up of platinum or nichrome wire where the tip forms a small loop with a diameter of about 5 mm.
Sterilization is the process of making any object free from any microorganisms so as to prevent the contamination. Even after sterilization, an object may become contaminated if it comes in contact with some other object. Thus, placing a sterilized loop in a test tube with its loop up will prevent its contamination.
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Active transport is the process of
A. moving water through aquaporins
B. Moving substances down the concentration gradient
C. Assisting substances across the cell membrane with pores
D. Moving substances against the concentration gradient
Please help
Active transport is the process of moving substances against the concentration gradient. Therefore, the correct option is D.
What is active transport?Active transport is the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, against the concentration gradient.
This process requires the input of energy, usually in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), and is often carried out by specialized proteins embedded in the cell membrane called pumps.Therefore, the correct option is D.
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Athletes eat large meals containing carbohydrates and fat when they are in training but their body weight (mass) remains nearly constant. Which of the following statements correctly describes what happens to most of the mass consumed? A) It is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). B) It is released as carbon dioxide and water. C) It is converted to energy.
Option B is Correct. When they are training, athletes consume a lot of food, primarily carbohydrates and fat, but their mass (body weight) stays pretty much the same.
This happens to the majority of the mass consumed is accurately described by the following statements: it is released as carbon dioxide and water.
Due to the more glycogen (a type of stored carbohydrate) in the muscles and liver, a diet heavy in carbohydrates improves both endurance and intermittent high-intensity performance. It's advised that athletes putting in more than 180 minutes of daily moderate- to high-intensity endurance activity take 8 to 12 grams of carbohydrates per kilogram of body weight (Burke et al., 2011; with Thomas at et al., 2016).
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Which of the following are benefits to using a wet mount preparation and brightfield microscopy? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY - The preparation is quick, easy and low cost. - You can distinguish Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria easily. - You can can see living, motile organisms. Due to high contrast you can easily observe microbes. - You can store slides long term for future analysis.
Wet mount preparation and brightfield microscopy is used for
2. You can can see living, motile organisms.
3. Due to high contrast you can easily observe microbes.
In general , the wet mounts are samples that are stored in solution and not stained, on the other hand dry mounts are samples that are stained and dried before viewing. Dry mounts generally kill the cells, so wet mounts are used to see the motility. Hence ,Wet Mount are used to performed in the laboratory to observe mo.tile organisms. And widely used in examination of material obtained from infected areas of the patients .
Bright field microscopes contains components like light sources either a halogen lamp or LED.
Hence, 2 and 3 is the correct option
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choose all that are features of lymphatic vessels. multiple select question. they resist moderate to high pressure valves are present smooth muscle is present in the vessel wall a tunica interna is present they have thick walls
There is a tunica interna. There is smooth muscle in the vessel wall.
There are valves.
What features do lymphatic vessels have?The main characteristic of lymphatic veins is their overlapping configuration and thin endothelial walls. This shows that a person any tissue fluid to reach the cells. Deep within the body, the lymph vessels eventually combine to form a much massive group of veins.
What three purposes do lymphatic vessels serve?The lymphatic system has three main purposes: initially, it keeps the body's fluid levels balanced; second, it makes it easier for dietary lipids to enter the bloodstream to metabolism or storage; & third, it strengthens and supports the immune system.
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brenda and her brother, brook, developed from separate fertilized eggs. they are twins. please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices same-sex fraternal opposite-sex identical same-sex identical opposite-sex fraternal
The correct option is b) opposite sex fraternal twins. When two eggs and two sperm are fertilized at the same time, they can grow into siblings called fraternal twins. As a result, they are formed at the same time, grow at the same time, and deliver around the same time.
The ability to distinguish between hereditary and environmental influences in genome-wide association studies has improved thanks to a simulation study, but there is still work to be done before this issue can be considered "solved." Twin studies make it possible to separate the shared genetic and environmental variables that contribute to the desired trait. Researchers can calculate the percentage of a trait's variance that can be attributed to genetic variation versus the percentage that can be attributed to common or unshared environments.
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Full Question ;
Brenda and Brock developed from separate fertilized eggs. They are: a) opposite sex identical twins. b) opposite sex fraternal twins. c) same sex identical twins. d) same sex fraternal twins
fill in the blank.bone and cartilage are connective tissues that have___. bone and cartilage are connective tissues that have . large numbers of cells all fiber types except collagen ground substance that is firm or hard very small amounts of matrix
Connective tissues like bone and cartilage have Dense bone and cartilage are examples of connective tissues. huge numbers of cells, including all fiber types save collagen, and relatively little quantities of matrix.
Tendons and ligaments are composed of dense connective tissue, which has a higher density of collagen fibers. Adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, blood, and lymph are a few examples of specialized connective tissues.
The cartilage prevents the bones from rubbing against one another since it is a soft, elastic, and flexible connective tissue. There are two types of bones: compact and spongy. Hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage are the three forms of cartilage.
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Which of the following is likely to describe a metabolic reaction where the net delta G value is negative? (Multiple answers are correct) A. Spontaneous B. non-spontaneous C. Catabolic D. Anabolic E. Positive Delta E F. Negative Delta E
A metabolic reaction where the net delta G value is negative is a reaction where we have A. Spontaneous, C. Catabolic and E. Positive Delta E.
What is the relationship between metabolic reaction and a negative net delta G value?The relationship between metabolic reaction and a negative net delta G value is based on reactions that do need the energy to be carried out such as occur in spontaneous reactions.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the relationship between metabolic reaction with a negative net delta G value doesn't need energy from external sources.
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Practice identifying each region of the bacterial cell. Match each label to the correct cell wall component
Page 136 Figure 5.10
A differential stain called as the Gram stain can be used in the lab to differentiate between the two specific cell wall types. It was created in 1884 and has been use ever since.
How many walls do bacteria's cell walls have?Peptidoglycan makes up the clearly defined cell wall of bacteria. It shields the germs from the environment outside and has the potential to make them pathogenic. In the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria, there are two layers: an inner peptidoglycan layer and an outside lipopolysaccharide layer.
What is an example of a cell wall?Plants, fungi, protists—particularly moulds and algae—and the majority of bacteria—with the exception of mycoplasma and L-form bacteria—are examples of creatures with cell walls. Cell walls are absent in both heterotrophic protists and animals.
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The correct question is
Practice identifying each region of the bacterial cell. Match each label to the correct cell wall component
Which one of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between infant mortality rates and replacement fertility?
Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
Answer choices
In countries with high infant mortality rates, the replacement fertility rate is higher than 2.1.
In countries with high infant mortality rates, the replacement fertility rate is lower than 2.1.
In countries with low infant mortality rates, the replacement fertility rate is higher than 2.1.
In countries with low infant mortality rates, the replacement fertility rate is always 2.1.
In countries with high infant mortality rates, the replacement fertility rate is higher than 2.1. Therefore, option A is correct.
What is the relation between infant mortality rate and replacement fertility rate?According to the child survival hypothesis, if child mortality is decreased, fertility will eventually decline as well, resulting in a decrease in population increase overall. Several factors have also been seen in people with poor socioeconomic status.
Thus, in countries with high infant mortality rates, the replacement fertility rate is higher than 2.1. Therefore, option A is correct.
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i need help plis can someone help me
The fill-in-the-blanks with appropriate words are as follows:
Most plants are Dicots. Usually, woody plants are Perennials.Most herbaceous plants are Monocots. The reason angiosperms are so successful is that they are adaptable. The period before germination is called seed dormancy. A grape is an example of fleshy fruit. What is seed dormancy?Seed dormancy may be characterized as a type of condition in which seeds are generally prevented from an event of germination even under favorable environmental conditions may occur. These favorable conditions may significantly include temperature, other mechanical restrictions, water, light, gas, and seed coats.
According to the context of this question, herbaceous plants do not have a woody stem above the ground, instead, they have a soft, green flexible stem. These types of plants are mostly biennials and annuals and perennials as well. In unfavorable seasons, the top growth dies down to the ground.
Therefore, the fill-in-the-blanks with appropriate words are well described above.
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What might be a reason why India and China are so much more heavily populated than other countries with similar or larger geographic sizes such as the United States and Russia?
restrictive religious beliefs in Russia and the United States
forced sterilization procedures in China and India
less nutritious food in China and India
smaller base population
India and China are much more heavily populated than other countries with similar or larger geographic sizes, such as the United States and Russia, because of their smaller base population.
Why India and China are heavily populated?The reason why India and China are more heavily populated is due to their larger base population. India and China have significantly larger people than the United States and Russia, primarily due to a combination of historical, cultural, and economic factors.
Can history be a factor in a growing population in any country?Historical cultural and religious practices can influence population growth by affecting fertility rates. For example, cultural attitudes toward family planning, the role of women in society, and religious beliefs about birth control can influence fertility rates and contribute to population growth.
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Which term describes a type of trait that is usually expressed only when an organism has two identical alleles for the trait?
a) recessive
b) homozygous
c) dominant
d) heterozygous
Answer:
a
Explanation:
gjkgcghjjbbbjnjnnnnnnjjjkkkki
Answer:
a
Explanation:
gjkgcghjjbbbjnjnnnnnnjjjkkkki
Explanation:
where do the light independent reactions of photosynthesis take placehow does the electron transport train of photosystem 2 get en energized electron
The light independent reactions of photosynthesis take place in the thylakoid membrane
The electron transport train of photosystem 2 get en energized electron is from light at a wavelength of 680 nm.
Photosynthesis is a process of chemical reactions carried out by plants to produce food. The main raw materials for plants to carry out photosynthesis are carbon dioxide, water, and chlorophyll with the help of sunlight.
Photosynthesis consists of two stages, namely the light reactions that occur in the thylakoid inner membrane and the light and dark reactions. The light reaction is the first reaction in photosynthesis, and in this reaction light energy is converted into ATP and NADPH. Organic molecules in the form of photosystem II on the thylakoid inner membrane get energy from light at a wavelength of 680 nm which is captured by chlorophyll a. The light-sensitive chlorophyll a at P680 absorbs light, high energy electrons are then released and captured by photosystem 2.
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Which organisms are the main primary producers in soft-bottom
subtidal communities?
Answer: infaunal (burrowing) invertebrates such as polychaete worms.
Explanation: Most soft-bottom subtidal communities are dominated by infaunal (burrowing) invertebrates such as polychaete worms. However, other organisms such as crustaceans, echinoderms, and mollusks may be locally abundant.
6. show the undergraduate researcher what a transcript from both strands would look like. (assume that all regulatory information is upstream and downstream of the known dna. assume the transcription start site is the first dna base that you know.) make sure you show all important chemical components that describe rna orientation.
For the sense strand the RNA transcript would be-
5'GGCGAAUCAUGCGCUGCCTUGUUUCCAUCAGUAGACGCGGGACUUGGUUUCAUACAUGCACGCGU-3'
RNA: what is it?Ribonucleic acid, sometimes known as 'RNA', is a nucleic acid that is present in all living cells and has characteristics similar to those of DNA. But RNA typically only contains one strand, unlike DNA.. The basis of a RNA molecule consists of alternating phosphate groups and the sugar ribose rather than the deoxyribose found in DNA.
Where can you find RNA?The most prevalent type of RNA in cells is ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which accounts for around 50% of the ribosomes' structure. Before migrating into cytoplasm to join with proteins and create a ribosome, it is generated in the nucleus. Transfer RNA (tRNA), with a twisted shape, is found in the cytoplasm.
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