Answer:
Alexandria is the second biggest city in Egypt and the country's most important harbor city. Since her founding in 331 BC, Alexandria's port saw traders from around the Mediterranean Sea, Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Spaniards, Portuguese and Arabs who used the port to trade their wares.
Explanation:
Choose the right word or name that completes each sentence. 1. daniel boone is linked to the settlement of ______-.
Choose the right word or name that completes each sentence. 1. daniel boone is linked to the settlement of Kentucky.
One of the states in the Upper South and formally known as the Commonwealth of Kentucky, Kentucky is a state in the Southeastern part of the United States. To the north, it shares boundaries with Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio; to the northeast, Virginia; to the east, Tennessee; and to the west, Missouri. The Ohio River is what defines its northern border. Its two major cities are Louisville and Lexington, and Frankfort serves as its capital. In 2020, it had a population of roughly 4.5 million. On June 1, 1792, Kentucky was admitted to the Union as the 15th state, separating from Virginia in the process. As a result of the Kentucky bluegrass, a type of green grass that grows in many of the state's pastures and has supported the thoroughbred horse industry in the state's centre, the state is known as the "Bluegrass State." Because of this, it has a long history of ideal farming conditions. During the Antebellum South and the Civil War, vast tobacco plantations similar to those in Virginia and North Carolina were developed in the state's central and western regions, employing slave labour. Kentucky is eighth in the nation for producing beef cattle, fifth for producing goats, and fourteenth for producing grain. The tobacco business has always had a significant presence in Kentucky. The economy of Kentucky has grown to be significant in non-agricultural industries today.
Learn more about Kentucky here
https://brainly.com/question/1136281
#SPJ4
Answer: Kentucky
Explanation:
Why do sea urchins need carbon dioxide?
The ocean is forced to absorb more of this gas than it would normally, resulting in an excess of carbonic acid in the ocean.
The ocean and atmosphere are constantly exchanging carbon dioxide, but because of the excess in the atmosphere, the ocean is forced to take up more of this gas than it would ordinarily, which results in an excess of carbonic acid in the ocean.
The sea urchin's spiky exoskeleton is made of chalk, sometimes known as calcium carbonate.
Sea urchins do not typically develop in the way that they do today. They must create their spiny shell, which they do by ingesting nutrients.
Learn more about sea urchins here
https://brainly.com/question/20692733
#SPJ4
What was the old capital of USA?
USA The Capitol in Washington, D.C. The capital is home to the United States Congress, which is the federal government's legislative body.
Why is Washington, DC, the capital of the country?Washington was decided upon as the nation's capital as the result of a compromise reached after seven years of discussions between members of the US Congress on how to define the term "federal enclave." Congress proclaimed Washington, in the District of Columbia, as the nation's permanent capital on July 16, 1790. Who made the design decisions for the new city? French engineer Pierre-Charles L'Enfant was hired by President George Washington to design a layout for the city.
Who was the country's first leader?On April 30, 1789, while seated on the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York, George Washington, the nation's first president, took the oath of office.
To know more about USA visit:-
brainly.com/question/30106707
#SPJ4
What are some of the metaphors in THE CROSS AND THE SWITCHBLADE?
Answer:
A man of prayer, used to feeling God's direction his initial response to leave his country parish and forge a new work in New York ended in dismay
Explanation:
1. When did Italy and Germany become countries?
2. What were they like before they were unified countries?
3. How did this impact Europe?
4. What are 3 Important things people should know about the Unification of Italy and Germany
Germany was declared a country in 1871,while Italy was declared a country in 1861, that brought a degree of stability to Europe. Before unification, both countries neither existed and were broken into small fragment of states.
The Unification of Italy and Germany
Germany was declared a country in 1871 when Bismarck brought all territory under Prussian control leading to the coronation of Wilhelm I Kaiser of Germany.
Italy was also declared a united country by Camillo di Cavour in 1861, during the Napoleonic Wars that gave birth to new ideas which resulted in the unification of Italian states under the French. Italy was bonded together by nationalism, language and culture.
Before the unification both countries were broken into small fragment of state but shared a common connections in language, culture, history, and religion, all the things that make up nationalist feelings but other times fought for self-rule
The important things about the unification of Germany and Italy is that there was a major mark of stability in Europe. Between 1871 and 1914, there were no major military conflict in Europe. This period was called the beautiful era Belle Epoque in French. Also leading both Germany and Italy having a colonial power.
Learn more about The Unification of Italy and Germany here brainly.com/question/7762293
#SPJ1
the coach from team a submits the line-up for set one with #9 designated as the libero. who can the coach designate as a libero for the second set?
No Libero, #9, or another player on the roster. If no libero is used in a set, the team is still restricted to the team substitutions that the rules allow. Playing with a libero player is optional.
Definition of LiberoIn the game of volleyball the position of the player who serves as a barrier to attacks from opponents and blocks is libero or defender.
The libero is a defensive specialist who wears a different color jersey compared to his teammates. In Italian, the word "libero" itself means free. Therefore, the libero can go in and out of the field without using substitution steps, and often fills the position as a blocker in the middle, but may not smash the ball across the net.
Special Rules for LiberoLibero has its own rules. Players who play as libero are prohibited from playing front row positions or front court. This means that the libero position only plays on the back line of the game. Then, the libero position has "privileges" in volleyball matches. As explained above, the libero position can go in and out of the field without using substitution steps, and often fills the position as a blocker in the middle.
Learn more about libero at https://brainly.com/question/30097149.
#SPJ4
__________ is whistleblowing the same as reporting an unauthorized disclosure.
Deliberate or inadvertent is whistleblowing the same as reporting an unauthorized disclosure.
It is reasonable to expect that unauthorized disclosure of classified information would harm national security. It is reasonable to expect that unauthorized disclosure of classified information would seriously harm national security.
Confidentiality ensures that information is accessible to those who are authorized to access it, and that it cannot be accessed by unauthorized persons. That's something I've seen a lot at work, but not all the time. Any misconduct you disclose must be in the public interest.
To know more about whistleblowing visit :
https://brainly.com/question/28319822
#SPJ4
hellpppppp
These posters show propaganda during World War I.Georgians motivated by these posters most likely
a.conserved food and planted victory gardens.
b.bought war bonds and invested in ammunition plants.
c.joined the military and conserved energy resources.
d.planted victory gardens and sold their farms to the government.
By using a combination of oral and visual modes in a workplace presentation, the audience?
The effect of singing a combination of spoken and visual modalities in a workplace presentation is that listeners are more likely to respond to their preferences. This is because they understand the presentation better.
What is a product strategy?
In the business world, a product strategy can be broadly described as a master plan for developing and marketing the company's product . Furthermore, product strategy can also be described in terms of how the product supports business strategy and goals and is brought to life through product roadmaps. There are four main components of product strategies: Business, such as; B. the customer, competitors, macro environment and the market. In addition, there are also different types of business strategies such as: B. Comparative Business Strategies, Differentiation Business Strategies, and Segmentation Business Strategies. A company's goals for its product and the steps it will take to get there are outlined in a high-level plan called a product strategy.
There are three standard types of product positioning strategies that brands should consider: comparison, differentiation, and segmentation. These strategies allow brands to make their products stand out by delivering the best message to the right audience
To learn more about product strategies refers to:
brainly.com/question/30392915
#SPJ4
gulf coast educators federal credit union pasadena tx
Gulf Coast Educators Federal Credit Union (GCEFCU) is a financial institution based in Pasadena, Texas.
It is a not-for-profit, member-owned cooperative that provides financial services to its members. The credit union is open to educators, employees, and volunteers of the Pasadena Independent School District, as well as their families. They offer a wide range of products and services, including checking and savings accounts, loans, credit cards, and other financial services. The credit union's mission is to provide its members with the highest quality financial services in a professional and friendly environment while promoting thrift and sound credit practices.
Learn more about Credit Union here: brainly.com/question/2279124
#SPJ4
Use your completed Examining the Magna Carta activity sheet to answer the following question What is the answer to
Magna Carta sheet was written by a group of 13th-century barons to protect their rights and property against a tyrannical king.
Magna Carta is concerned with many practical matters and specific grievances relevant to the feudal system under which they lived. In immediate terms, Magna Carta was a failure—civil war broke out the same year, and John ignored his obligations under the charter. Upon his death in 1216, however, Magna Carta was reissued with some changes by his son, King Henry III, and then reissued again in 1217.
Written in Latin, the Magna Carta (or Great Charter) was effectively the first written constitution in European history.
To know more about Magna Carta:
https://brainly.com/question/25378155
#SPJ4
Chickasaw and Choctaw culture different
The foremost distinction between the two tribes turned into that the Choctaw had been extra sedentary and had a higher devotion to agricultural activities, while the Chickasaw were more agitated, restless, and warlike. In north Mississippi, the Chickasaw's first known habitat may be found.
The Chickasaw people travelled from west of the Mississippi to present-day Mississippi, Georgia, Tennessee, and Kentucky. With the Treaty of Pontotoc in 1832, removal began. In 1854, they moved to what is now southeastern Oklahoma. The Chickasaw Nation was disbanded in 1906 to allow for the formation of Oklahoma, and it was reformed with a new constitution in 1983.
The Choctaw people inhabited much of what is now Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia before the advent of European colonists. The Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek commenced the transfer of the Choctaw people to the Indian Territory in 1830. The Choctaw Nation was legally created in 1860, but it was disbanded in 1907 when the State of Oklahoma abolished the Choctaw Nation's government and proclaimed the Choctaws to be citizens of Oklahoma.
Learn more about Chickasaw and Choctaw:
https://brainly.com/question/29471706
Based on research, which of the following seems true about the specialized functions of the right and left hemispheres
The combined activity of both hemispheres leads to the emergence of most complicated actions.
Which activity is virtually entirely confined to the left hemisphere?In general, language and speech are controlled by the left hemisphere and side of the brain. It has been referred to as the "dominant" hemisphere as a result. The cognitive processes, including speech and language, are controlled by the left hemisphere of the brain. Face recognition and creativity are more emphasized in the right hemisphere of the brain.
In contrast, the brains of 95% of righties rigidly divide tasks: Only around 20% of lefties possess brains that rigorously split up these tasks between the left and right hemispheres, with the left hemisphere handling language and speech nearly entirely and the right handling emotion and visual processing.
To know more about Hemisphere, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/11735724
#SPJ4
Arnold has a large beaker with 100 mL of water. He adds 5 g of salt crystals to the beaker. Which step will decrease the rate at which the salt dissolves?
If Arnold has a large beaker with 100 mL of water. He adds 5 g of salt crystals to the beaker. The step that will decrease the rate at which the salt dissolves is: B. Store the beaker in a refrigerator.
What is a beaker?A beaker can be defined as a container and this container is a cylindrical glass or plastic that is used to store substances. This cylindrical glass is often used in the lab or laboratory.
Beaker can also be used for the following:
To mix liquidTo stir liquid among othersBased on the given information the best step that will help reduce or decrease the rate at which the salt dissolves is to store the beaker in a refrigerator as by storing the beaker in the refrigerator the salt will not dissolves quickly.
Therefore we can conclude that the correct option is B.
Learn more ab out beaker here:https://brainly.com/question/5868284
#SPJ1
The compete question is :
Arnold has a large beaker with 100 mL of water. He adds 5 g of salt crystals to the beaker.Which step will decrease the rate at which the salt dissolves?
answer choices
Transfer the contents to a smaller beaker.
Store the beaker in a refrigerator.
Cover the beaker with a glass lid.
Stir the contents of the beaker.
______________ is the central theme of the book of Zephaniah
The central theme of the book of Zephaniah is the coming judgment of God upon the nations and the people of Judah for their sins and idolatry.
The book emphasizes the need for repentance and the certainty of God's judgment for those who refuse to turn from their wicked ways. The book also contains themes of hope and salvation for those who repent and trust in God, as well as promises of restoration for the remnant of faithful followers.
The prophet Zephaniah calls the people of Judah to return to the Lord and warns of the impending judgment that will befall those who refuse to repent.
The book of Zephaniah, written by the prophet Zephaniah, contains a message of both judgment and hope for the people of Judah. The book begins with a pronouncement of judgment on all the nations, including Judah, for their sins of idolatry and moral corruption.
To learn more about Zephaniah
https://brainly.com/question/29899258
#SPJ4
John locke’s perspective on the purpose of government is a _____.
John Locke's perspective on the purpose of government is a social contract theory. According to Locke, individuals in a state of nature will naturally come together to form a government in order to protect their natural rights, such as life, liberty, and property.
He believed that people have a natural right to govern themselves, and that they create government to ensure the protection of these rights. He believed that the main purpose of government is to protect the rights of the people and that if the government fails to do so, the people have the right to overthrow it. He also believed in the idea of "consent of the governed" which means that the government should be chosen by the people and it should be accountable to the people. This is the foundation of democracy. He also believed that the government's authority is limited and that it should not interfere in the lives of the people beyond what is necessary to protect their rights.
Find out more about Perspective
brainly.com/question/14325994
#SPJ4
Determinants of military expenditure and the role of globalisation in a cross-country analysis Defence and Peace Economics
globalization's effect on military spending By examining the impact of global on military spending in 82 nations, we add to the body of literature.
What exactly are army expenses?A country's financial commitment to building and sustaining its armed forces or other defense-related activities is referred to as its military spending (or military budget), sometimes known as its defence budget.
Why is spending on the military important?For a certain region to continue to have successful commercial contacts, peace is essential. However, in order to achieve this peace, military spending must be done. Military might is increased through military investment. This ability discourages potential aggressors.
To know more about globalization visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13738427
#SPJ4
What is the value of data provided by screening measures?
- They can demonstrate the reliability of test results on repeated administrations.
- They can predict which students are at long-term risk for reading failure.
- They can determine which students need a referral to special education.
- They can contribute to teacher evaluations.
wapappppppppppopppppp
Fill in the Blank
Complete the following sentence.
The _____ is a professional organization that licenses and certifies Christian counselors.
Answer:
Association of Certified Christian Counselors (ACCC)
Explanation:
The Association of Certified Christian Counselors (ACCC) is a professional organization that seeks to promote excellence in Christian counseling through the licensure and certification of Christian counselors. The ACCC provides professional development and resources to help Christian counselors become competent and effective in their practice. They offer a range of programs and services, including certification, training, networking, and advocacy. The ACCC is committed to providing Christian counselors with the highest quality of professional development and support. They also work to ensure that Christian counseling remains an ethical and spiritually responsible practice. The ACCC also holds an annual conference and provides educational resources for Christian counselors.
when recording the team scores of at the time of substitutions, time outs, sanctions, and remarks, team a's score is always entered first followed by team b's score
When recording the volleyball team scores of at the time of substitutions, time outs, sanctions, and remarks, team a's score is always entered first followed by team b's score. [FALSE]
Point System in VolleyballThe volleyball game pits two teams of six players each to score as many points as possible. A team is declared the winner if it has excelled in three of the sets. The counting system used in volleyball games for each set is 25 points. That is, the final score in volleyball is 25 points. However, if each team is able to gain an advantage of two sets, then the final set will be decisive with a limit of 15 points.
In a volleyball match, a set of teams is said to win if it reaches a score of 25. A team has several ways to score points when dealing with opponents during volleyball matches. The main way to get points on the point system in volleyball is to land the ball in the opponent's playing area without being able to return it in three touches. Points can also be obtained when the opposing team commits a violation (fault) of the game rules, based on the decision of the referee.
Sets If the opponent's game dies due to a violation, the player gets points because of the fault system, as well as gets the next serve turn. This error is for example when opposing team players fail to serve or are known to touch the net intentionally. The referee also gives points to the defending team if the ball from the opponent's attack actually falls outside the game boundary line. Meanwhile, the value that if the opponent dies the player gets points or vice versa is the value of the rally point system. Ball in and out rules
Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was:
Is this statement true or false? When recording the volleyball team scores of at the time of substitutions, time outs, sanctions, and remarks, team a's score is always entered first followed by team b's score.
Learn more about scoring in volleyball at https://brainly.com/question/30097151.
#SPJ4
It is illegal to coast downhill with the transmission or gears in neutral.a. Trueb. False
It is illegal to coast downhill with the transmission or gears in neutral. The correct answer is a. True.
Coasting downhill on a vehicle with a neutral transmission or gear is illegal in most states in the United States because it is a dangerous act and may cause you to get into an accident by not having full control of the vehicle acceleration. Coasting downhill is dangerous because by doing so you are letting the wheels of your vehicle spin freely without any resistance from the engine braking mechanism.
Moreover, the vehicle code such as the Vehicle Code 21710 CVC in California prohibits the driver of a motor vehicle to coast downhill with the gears in neutral when traveling on down grade upon any highway and such violation is count as a misdemeanor.
To learn more about vehicle code visit: https://brainly.com/question/1152548
#SPJ4
During the Reformation, Lutheranism took a firm hold in Germany (the Holy Roman Empire), especially in the northern and eastern areas. Referring to the map, in which other countries did Lutheranism become the main religion?
On October 31, 1517, teacher and monk Martin Luther published his Disputation on the Power of Indulgences, also known as the 95 Theses, in Wittenberg, Germany, marking the start of the Protestant Reformation. He invited people to debate with him over 95 ideas about Christianity in the document.
How was Germany affected by the Protestant Reformation?The long-lasting effects of Luther's Protestant movement in Germany included challenging the country's established hierarchies, pleading with lay nobles for church reformation, criticizing the Roman mass and sacraments, and attempting to reaffirm the significance of faith in good deeds.
Due to the backing of influential voters and the widespread use of the printing press, Lutheranism quickly spread throughout the Holy Roman Empire as a larger religious and political movement. This movement quickly spread across northern Europe and served as the impetus for the larger Protestant Reformation.
Learn more about Lutheranism here:
https://brainly.com/question/10431838
#SPJ1
What are the three major tools of foreign policy?
Answer:The president employs three tools to conduct foreign policy:
Diplomacy.
Foreign aid.
Military force.
Explanation:
What are the major plot points in Animal Farm?
The brave animal resistance to a human attempt to retake the farm is dubbed "The Battle of the Cowshed." Napoleon assumes command as the animals begin constructing a windmill. Napoleon begins breaking the commandments as he reduces the rations and animal rights.
Animal Farm initially succeeds. Napoleon takes a group of young puppies to teach them the principles of animalism, and Snowball works at teaching the animals to read. In what comes to be known as the Battle of the Cowshed, the animals defeat Mr. Jones once more when he returns to take back his farm. As a sign of their victory, they take the farmer's abandoned gun. However, as time goes on, Napoleon and Snowball start to argue more and more about the farm's future, and they begin to compete with one another for influence and power among the other animals. Napoleon strongly opposes Snowball's plan to construct an electricity-generating windmill. Snowball delivers a passionate speech at the meeting to decide whether the project should be taken up. Nine attack dogs—the puppies Napoleon had confiscated in order to "educate"—burst into the barn and chase Snowball away from the farm after only a brief retort from Napoleon. Animal Farm is led by Napoleon, who announces that there will be no more meetings. He asserts that, for the benefit of all animals, the pigs alone will make all decisions from that point on.
To learn more about Animal Farm here:
brainly.com/question/29637045
#SPJ4
took a naval expedition to japan in order to negotiate a trade treaty
Answer:
President Pierce made the decision in 1852 to compel Japan to conduct business with the United States. He gave the order for Commodore Matthew Perry to lead a naval mission to Japan to conduct commercial negotiations. Four American warships sailed into Yedo Bay on July 8, 1853.
Explanation:
how many different living styles are offered through usf housing on campus?
There are four different living style are offered in the USF housing on the campus,
What are the living style offered in the USF housing on campus?USF stand for University of South Florida. In USF, They give four option of living style their student budget and lifestyle. The four option are:
Suite (village) style. This style offer a privacy room with a share bathroom with suitemates.Traditional (village) style. This style offer a share bedroom and room with a share bathroom with a floormates.Traditional double style. This style offer a two student in a room with a share bathroom Apartment style. This style offer a private bedroom for each student with a community room for the floormates.Learn more about housing on campus here
https://brainly.com/question/27980763
#SPJ4
Informed consent generally implies that the person:
Informed consent generally implies that the person has been fully informed about the risks, benefits, and alternatives of a medical treatment or research study, and has voluntarily agreed to participate.
It is a process in which a person is provided with information about a medical procedure or research study and then makes an informed decision about whether to participate. Informed consent is an ethical principle that is intended to protect the rights and autonomy of individuals.
Informed consent is a process that helps ensure that individuals make informed decisions about their medical care or participation in research studies. It is a legal requirement for most medical procedures and research studies.
The process of informed consent begins with the healthcare provider or researcher providing the individual with detailed information about the procedure or study, including any potential risks, benefits, and alternatives.
To learn more about informed consent
https://brainly.com/question/28721127
#SPJ4
________ intentionally takes on the role of critic.
The reviewer intentionally taking on the role of critic.
The Role of a Reviewer: Taking on the Duty of CriticA reviewer is someone who takes on the role of critic, carefully assessing a product or service to determine its worth or quality. Reviewers typically analyze the features, performance, or design of a product and provide an assessment of its pros, cons, and overall value.
They often base their opinion on research and personal experience, and their reviews can be used to inform potential buyers or to help companies improve their products or services.
Learn more about the Reviewer: https://brainly.com/question/13171394
#SPJ4
Which fraction of representatives from both houses of the state legislature need to approve bringing a proposed amendment to the texas constitution to the people to vote? question 5 options: 1/3 1/2 2/3 3/4
The fraction of representatives from both houses of the state legislature need to approve bringing a proposed amendment to the texas constitution to the people to vote is 2/3 of the members of each house.
Proposed amendments to the Texas Constitution shall not be introduced as legislation but shall be approved by two-thirds of the members of each house. Joint resolutions are not sent to the governor for approval but rather are submitted straight to the secretary of state.
A joint resolution that requests a change to the Texas Constitution is ineffective unless it is approved by voters in a general election.
Learn more about texas constitution at brainly.com/question/23531998
#SPJ4
1. Write a short play on the topic: The Farmer's Market.
Answer:
E Farmers’ markets
Farmers’ markets are a fundamental part of the urban–rural interface, they have continued to grow in popularity, mostly due to the growing consumer interest in obtaining fresh products, especially produce directly from the farm (see also Chapter 11). Farmers’ markets allow consumers to have access to locally grown, farm-fresh produce, enable farmers to develop personal relationships with their customers, and cultivate consumer loyalty with the farmers who grow the produce. Direct marketing of farm products through farmers’ markets continues to be a significant sales outlet for agricultural producers nationwide. In 2006, there were 4385 farmers’ markets operating throughout the nation. The number was an increase of 18% from the number reported in 2004. The growth demonstrates that farmers’ markets are meeting the needs of an increasing number of small- to medium-sized operations (USDA-AMS, 2008).
View chapter
Purchase book
Logistics and Postharvest Handling of Locally Grown Produce
Remigio Berruto, Patrizia Busato, in Postharvest Handling (Second Edition), 2009
A Farmers’ markets
Farmers’ markets are defined as fixed locations where several farmers gather to sell their own products at recurring times (Jett and Hendrickson, 2006). These are often located in the middle of cities and towns. Some markets are open seasonally, while others are open on weekends or daily, especially those located in big cities.
Throughout the year, farmers take advantage of a common space, and gather on a regular basis for the convenience of consumers. This distribution channel brings about local economic stability, contributes to a sustainable environment and is a place for information exchange and social gatherings. Farmers’ markets also give consumers an element of control within the food system, and provide them with a unique opportunity to learn where the food comes from and how it is produced.
Markets are classified by different factors, such as their location or structure (open air markets, market halls and market districts) or are defined by what is sold at the market, through terms such as “grower only,”“green,” or “organic.” Farmers’ markets have rules and regulations concerning how the items are sold and who can sell them. Some markets allow vendors to sell only what they have produced on their farm, and others allow for the purchasing and reselling of FFVs (Phillips, 2007). Farmers’ markets require that growers spend a significant amount of time on the marketing of their produce and, for some this may represent an inefficient use of time. Due to the relatively small sales volume, the growers need to differentiate their FFVs in order to increase their volume sold and therefore, do extra work.
In continental Europe street markets, as well as “marketplaces” (covered places where merchants have stands, but not entire stores) are commonplace. Both retailers and producers sell their wares to the public (Wikipedia, 2008). In particular locally-grown produce is sold in these markets by farmers.
Local fruits and vegetable sales in the US occupy only a small percentage of the entire distribution channel. However, over the past 10 years, the number of farmers’ markets has increased by over 100%. In 2006, the directory listed 4385 farmers’ markets. With total sales estimated at about $1 billion for 2005 (Shaffer and Cox, 2006). It is estimated that more than three million consumers shop at these markets, and about 30 000 small farms and food entrepreneurs earn a partial or full income selling their products at farmers’ markets.
In France, 5000 farmers sell locally-grown produce directly to consumers. With €800 million in sales, these markets represent 7% of the FFVs sold (CTIFL, 2007c). Although the markets account for 15–20% of lettuce and small perishable fruits (e.g. strawberries) sales, the share of other less-perishable produce (e.g. potatoes, tomatoes) is negligible (3%). For growers, shorter channels offer an additional outlet and an opportunity to capture the margin traditionally left to the middle-men. Most consumers shop at farmers’ markets for freshness, convenience and proximity to their homes (CTIFL, 2007a). For consumers, the freshness of the produce and the responsiveness of these grower–suppliers are a plus (CTIFL, 2007b).
In Italy, the phenomenon of locally-grown produce sold directly to the consumer in street markets is losing market share to supermarket chains, despite the fact that on average the markets offer FFVs at lower prices. However, in 2005 the share of highly perishable produce was still high, accounting for 34% and 47% for strawberries and nectarines, respectively, compared to 28% and 20% for the same produce sold at supermarkets (Macchi, 2006).