Although the genes that cause LHON are found in cells throughout the body, LHON especially affects specific cells in the eyes and heart. Why do you think that tissues with these cells are among the first to fail as a result of defective mitochondria? How could a mitochondrial defect be related to vision and heart problems?Cite evidence

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is defined as a disorder caused by a mitochondrial mutation that affects the visual and heart cells.

A  defective mitochondria is the primary cause of the LHON because it causes mtDNA is involved in the encoding of ubiquinone oxidoreductase         (subunits of NADH) that is the first complex of the electron transport chain. So, any defect or mutation in mtDNA causes neuronal defects.

Mitochondrial defect due to mutation in amino acid exchanges in ubiquinone oxidoreductase affects optic nerves causing loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons that leads to vison loss.

Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process in which mitochondrial ATP produced, and ATP transfer to heart and defect in mitochondrial biogenesis causes defect in heart cells.


Related Questions

hooke focused his work on _____ and did not believe that anything else had cells

Answers

tiny boxlike cavities, which he illustrated and described as cells.

unlike a eukaryotic cell, a prokaryotic cell lacks

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Answer:

[tex]\huge\boxed{\sf Nucleus}[/tex]

Explanation:

Eukaryotic Cell:

Greek Word : "Eu" means "Good" and "Karyon" means "Nut" which means that they have a Nucleus.

Prokaryotic Cell:

Greek Word : "Pro" means "Before" and "Karyon" means "Nut" which means that they lack Nucleus.

Difference:

The main difference between both is of a "Nucleus".

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An object with a density_____
1.0 g/mL will float in water.

Greater than
Less than
Equal to

Answers

An object with a density GREATER THAN

Where in the chloroplast is the chemiosmotic gradient developed.

Answers

In chloroplast, chemiosmosis occurs in the thylakoid

Use the drop-down menus to complete the sentences. the neuron that transmits the impulse is called the , and the cell receiving the impulse is called the . when a nerve impulse arrives at the axon terminal of the neuron, it triggers the release of molecules called . these molecules diffuse across the synapse and bind to receptors on the next cell.

Answers

Answer:

A.presynaptic cell B.postsynaptic cell C.neurotransmitters

Explanation:

Your welcome.

The neuron that transmits the impulse is called the "presynaptic neuron", and the cell receiving the impulse is called the "postsynaptic neuron".

What are neurons?

Neurons, also known as nerve cells, are specialized cells that transmit electrical and chemical signals throughout the body. They are the basic units of the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system.

Thus, the neuron that transmits the impulse is called the "presynaptic neuron", and the cell receiving the impulse is called the "postsynaptic neuron". When a nerve impulse arrives at the axon terminal of the neuron, it triggers the release of molecules called "neurotransmitters". These molecules diffuse across the synapse and bind to receptors on the next cell.

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If light color is a recessive trait and the trees stay dark forever, could the light colored moths eventually become extinct? Why or why not?

Answers

Answer:

The light moths could become extinct eventually

Explanation:

If trees stay dark forever the light moths are easier to prey upon and eventually negative selection pressure will decrease the population of light moths until it is virtually nonexistent.

For a real life case of this, look into pepper moths and the Industrial Revolution.

If the light-colored trait is truly recessive, the moths may still carry the gene and could reappear in future generations.

What is a recessive trait?

A recessive trait is a genetic characteristic that is only expressed when an individual inherits two copies of the recessive gene, one from each parent. In other words, a recessive trait is only observable when the dominant version of the gene is absent.

For example, if a person inherits a dominant brown-eye gene from one parent and a recessive blue-eye gene from the other parent, they will have brown eyes, as brown is the dominant trait. However, if both parents pass on the recessive blue-eye gene, the individual will have blue eyes, as there is no dominant gene present to override the recessive gene.

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What type of tissue acts like a belt, holding cells together?.

Answers

the answer for this question is epithelial tissue

need answer now 7th grade

Answers

Recent finds include a nearly complete wolf skeleton, tusk and bones from a woolly mammoth, and also part of a woolly rhino skull.

How did the freezing process take place?

Animals did not necessarily live at the same time. Scientists suggest that they fell into a common grave over thousands of years or that their bones were taken to the cave by predators. after these events, the ice age came and froze all the bones of these animals.

With this information, we can conclude that recent discoveries include an almost complete wolf skeleton, tusk and bones from a woolly mammoth, and also part of a woolly rhino skull.

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Does natural selection act on the genotype or phenotype.

Answers

phenotype

Natural selection acts on an organism's phenotype, or observable features. Phenotype is often largely a product of genotype (the alleles, or gene versions, the organism carries).

Let's have a little fun, shall we?

What is the Animal with the strongest bite (IN THE OCEAN)

Answers

Answer:

a salt water crocodile

Explanation:

Help pls;( ASAP

you see a mosquito land on your hand and swat at it. A signal passes through many parts of different neurons to make this happen. Which component of the nervous system is the last to be involved in this process?


A. Dendrites in sensory neurons

B. Axons in motor neurons

C. Axons in sensory neurons

D. Dendrites in motor neurons

Answers

The reflex arc is the sequence of events since the body receives an external stimulus (seeing a mosquito landing on your hand) until it reacts (swapping at the mosquito). In the exposed example, the last components in the NS involved in the process are the Axons in motor neurons.

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The reflex arc refers to the sequence of events since the body receives an external stimulus until it reacts.

In general terms, a stimulus of varying nature reaches the body, the peripheric nervous system -PNS- receives the stimulus and sends this information to the central nervous system -CNS-. The CNS processes the information and sends another signal as a response to the stimulus.

Five elements compose the reflex arc, which are receptors, three types of neurons, and effectors.

The neurons involved in the mechanism are:

Afferent or sensorial neurons

Interneurons

Efferent or motor neurons

Action:

• Ascending branch

The stimulus reaches the body and is received by the specialized sensory receptors. Afferent neurons, placed in the dermis and epidermis, receive this information from receptors, react and send it to the central nervous system as nerve impulses.

• Descending branch

Interneurons in the CNS, process the information and send a motor response.   Efferent neurons carry the response from the CNS to the effector organs, which might be either a muscle or a gland.

Finally, the target tissue responds to the stimulus as a contraction -muscle-,or as hormones release -gland-.

A motor neuron is formed by a cellular body, dendrites (cytoplasmic extensions that receive stimuli from other cells), and a long axon that is capable of conducting the electrochemical signals. The axon brunches out into several extensions when it approaches the muscle. At the end of each brunch, the axon is inserted in the muscle fiber surface, composing neuromuscular join. This is the last part of the NS involved in the process before the muscle contracts.

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Scott scoops hot oatmeal into his bowl he then notices that the outside of his bowl is very hot to the touch. What type of heat energy transfer is this an example of


Explain why

Answers

This is an example of Conduction. This is conduction because the hot oatmeal is directly transmitted through

What bird makes the longest migration of any animal in the world?.

Answers

Answer:

The world's best long-distance migratory is the Arctic Tern. It spends its summers in the Antarctic and its winters in the circumpolar Arctic and sub-Arctic. According to tracking investigations, the birds travel around 44,100 kilometers every year.

Explanation:

Because of __________ between moving parts of a bicycle, some of the work you do changes to energy.

Answers

Answer:

friction

Explanation:

Carbon is a common in _____ matter too in rocks and soil dissolved in seawater inside the earth' s mantle and the air ,as_________

Answers

air and it evaporates

Plz help! Will mark Brainliest!

Which phrase justifies why the theory of evolution is a theory and not a law?

Describes the relationship between an organism and its environment.

Makes accurate predictions based on only a small amount of empirical evidence.

Explains diversity based on the principle of natural selection.

Cannot be modified with the discovery of new evidence.

Answers

Answer:

Q1) Which phrase justifies why the theory of evolution is a theory and not and not a law.

Explanation:

A) Explains diversity based on the principle of natural selection.

Answer:

The answer is C

Explanation:

Got it correct on the exam

What happens when an organism has more carbohydrates than needed to meet its energy requirements? The organism begins to break down fats. The organism begins to break down fats. The organism begins to break down proteins. The organism begins to break down proteins. The extra energy is converted to protein and stored. The extra energy is converted to protein and stored. The extra energy is converted to fat and stored until needed.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - The extra energy is converted to fat and stored until needed.

Explanation:

When someone intakes more carbohydrates than they need at a particular time body converts the excess amount of the carbohydrate into glycogen and stored in the liver cells.

One glycogen level is full the insulin starts converting the carbohydrate into fatty acids that move to different parts of the body and stoored like adipose tissue in the belly and thigh.

Thus, the correct answer is - The extra energy is converted to fat and stored until needed.

are limiting factors biotic or abiotic

Answers

Answer:

Limited factors are more likely to be biotic because like food, mate and competition with other organisms for resources.

Explanation:

What are the openings (pores) called that allow these molecules to enter leaves? What molecule enters the plant through the roots?

Answers

Answer: Stomata

Explanation:

Stomata are pores in the leaf that allow gas exchange where water vapor leaves the plant and carbon dioxide enters.

A scientist wants to use a radioactive isotope of phosphorus to radiolabel
certain molecules in a culture of cells he is growing. If the scientist uses
32P, which of the following groups of macromolecules will be labeled in the
culture of cells? *

Answers

Answer:

He can label the cell membranes of the cells with phosphorous (P32) because cellmembrane of cells are made of Phospholipid bilayer.

How do living things use matter such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and water?

Answers

Answer:

Every living organism is made up of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphates. Nitrogen and carbon are found in amino acids which make up proteins. Phosphates make up DNA and ATP.

Explanation:

13. Radha's mother makes fluffy idlis, everyone likes them.
a) How does idli batter become soft?
b) What are the organisms involved in it?

Answers

a) Due to fermentation idli becomes soft and fluffy
b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the fungus which is commonly known as baker's yeast. The yeast cells are added to the batter of idli and dosa. The fungus performs anaerobic fermentation. The fungus utilizes the fermentable sugars and convert them to ethanol and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide gas causes the dough to rise and become soft and fluffy. The carbon dioxide bubbles gets trapped in the dough and when baking is done, this bubbles break and forms pores.

Which statement may plausibly explain type II diabetes, but not type I diabetes?​

Answers

The statement that may explain type II diabetes is that a protein that is normally activated by the insulin receptor does not perform its function. That is option C.

Causes of type II diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that occurs due to the inability of the body cells to utilize the insulin produced as seen in type II diabetes or the inability of the pancreatic cells to produce insulin in enough quantity.

In type II diabetes, there is presence of insulin in the bloodstream of the patient but the body cells are not able to make use of it to metabolize glucose.

This is because when the protein that is activated by insulin receptor fails to function, problems with insulin signalling can occur which impairs the proper management of glucose levels in the blood.

Therefore, the statement that may explain type II diabetes is that a protein that is normally activated by the insulin receptor does not perform its function.

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Select the reasons that farmers typically only specialize in one breed.

lack of training

homogeneous housing

business efficiency

time demands

standardized food supplies

personal preference

familiarity with the breed

Answers

Answer: business efficiency personal preference

familiarity with the breed

Explanation:

i think so...

What are the processes in which material move through a cell?

Answers

The passive forms of transport, diffusion and osmosis, move materials of small molecular weight across membranes. Substances diffuse from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration; this process continues until the substance is evenly distributed in a system.

During passive transport, materials move by simple diffusion or by facilitated diffusion through the membrane, down their concentration gradient. Water passes through the membrane in a diffusion process called osmosis.

Why do you think the cell creates many mitochondria?

Answers

Mitochondria is the POWER HOUSE of the cell it creates energy! :)

Mitochondria is the powerhouse of cell therefore, cell creates many mitochondria.

What is mitochondria?

The majority of the chemical energy required to drive a cell's metabolic operations is produced by mitochondria, which are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular).

Adenosine triphosphate, a tiny molecule, serves as a storage container for the chemical energy generated by the mitochondria (ATP). Small chromosomes found in mitochondria are found there.

Organelles that are membrane-bound include mitochondria, however they are membrane-bound with two distinct membranes. And for an intercellular organelle, that's extremely remarkable. Those membranes provide the fundamental function of mitochondria, which is to produce energy.

Therefore, Mitochondria is the powerhouse of cell therefore, cell creates many mitochondria.

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Did I miss any information?

Answers

Answer:

It looks pretty nice

Explanation:

You could say the exact or relative amount of species, or label the diagram.

State the differences between organic
matter and inorganic fertilizer​

Answers

Answer:

The organic matter is all natural came from the earth. But on the other hand, inorganic fertilizer is not natural it is chemical to make the grass more rich and healthy and they already stored all the nutrients in the fertilizer so it can work. I hope I helped

how do you find the percent of water inside a cell​

Answers

Answer:

Well I know that it is 30% water and 70% salt. I dont really know much but thats the farthest I can give you.

Hope this helps!

What is chromosomes?

Answers

Answer:

attached image to help u

Explanation:

A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic information.

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