What are the states of energy? List the Laws of Thermodynamics.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The laws of thermodynamics define a group of physical quantities, such as temperature, energy, and entropy, that characterize thermodynamic systems in thermodynamic equilibrium.

Explanation:

Answer 2

What are the states of energy? List the Laws of Thermodynamics.
Answer: The first law, also known as Law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system. The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of any isolated system always increases.

Paragraph: Discuss the three laws of thermodynamics.
Key Points

The first law, also known as Law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system.
The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of any isolated system always increases.
The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute zero.
Terms

absolute zeroThe lowest temperature that is theoretically possible.
entropyA thermodynamic property that is the measure of a system’s thermal energy per unit of temperature that is unavailable for doing useful work.

System or Surroundings

In order to avoid confusion, scientists discuss thermodynamic values in reference to a system and its surroundings. Everything that is not a part of the system constitutes its surroundings. The system and surroundings are separated by a boundary. For example, if the system is one mole of a gas in a container, then the boundary is simply the inner wall of the container itself. Everything outside of the boundary is considered the surroundings, which would include the container itself.

The boundary must be clearly defined, so one can clearly say whether a given part of the world is in the system or in the surroundings. If matter is not able to pass across the boundary, then the system is said to be closed; otherwise, it is open. A closed system may still exchange energy with the surroundings unless the system is an isolated one, in which case neither matter nor energy can pass across the boundary.

A Thermodynamic SystemA diagram of a thermodynamic system
The First Law of Thermodynamics

The first law of thermodynamics, also known as Law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed; energy can only be transferred or changed from one form to another. For example, turning on a light would seem to produce energy; however, it is electrical energy that is converted.

A way of expressing the first law of thermodynamics is that any change in the internal energy (∆E) of a system is given by the sum of the heat (q) that flows across its boundaries and the work (w) done on the system by the surroundings:

Δ
E
=
q
+
w
Δ
E
=
q
+
w

This law says that there are two kinds of processes, heat and work, that can lead to a change in the internal energy of a system. Since both heat and work can be measured and quantified, this is the same as saying that any change in the energy of a system must result in a corresponding change in the energy of the surroundings outside the system. In other words, energy cannot be created or destroyed. If heat flows into a system or the surroundings do work on it, the internal energy increases and the sign of q and w are positive. Conversely, heat flow out of the system or work done by the system (on the surroundings) will be at the expense of the internal energy, and q and w will therefore be negative.

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

The second law of thermodynamics says that the entropy of any isolated system always increases. Isolated systems spontaneously evolve towards thermal equilibrium—the state of maximum entropy of the system. More simply put: the entropy of the universe (the ultimate isolated system) only increases and never decreases.

A simple way to think of the second law of thermodynamics is that a room, if not cleaned and tidied, will invariably become more messy and disorderly with time – regardless of how careful one is to keep it clean. When the room is cleaned, its entropy decreases, but the effort to clean it has resulted in an increase in entropy outside the room that exceeds the entropy lost.

The Third Law of Thermodynamics

The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute zero. The entropy of a system at absolute zero is typically zero, and in all cases is determined only by the number of different ground states it has. Specifically, the entropy of a pure crystalline substance (perfect order) at absolute zero temperature is zero. This statement holds true if the perfect crystal has only one state with minimum energy.

Related Questions

Oil is also known as

Answers

Answer:

Oil is known as Petroleum.

what is the answers Which sampling method is most suitable in calculating the population of mushroom on a field?
Pitfall trap
Pooter
quadrat
net

Answers

Given what we know, the sampling method most suitable in calculating the population of mushrooms on a field is the quadrat.

What is the quadrat?A quadrat is a method used to directly count the number of an organism in a specific portion of a region. It is often used to get an estimated value as to the population density of the organism in the region.

Therefore, given the task at hand as well as the use of a quadrat, we can confirm that the most suitable method in calculating the population of mushrooms on a field is the quadrat.

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Put the following in correct order for endochondral ossification.

a. Mesenchymal cells of the embryo develop into cartilage-producing cells
b. The periosteum (formerly perichondrium) begins to produce a thin layer of compact bone
c. A hyaline cartilage model of the future bone is formed.
d. Cartilage is the midregion of the model becomes calcified.
e. Spongy bone tissue develops at the primary ossification center.
f. Secondary ossification centers produce spongy bone tissue of the epiphyses.
g. Medullary cavity is formed.

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A. This is one of the only ways the bones are actually formed because it’s a feet away and so the cartilage and stuff gets formed first before the actual bone and ossification occurs that’s like last saw and I can explain each one if you’d like I just wanted to put it in correct order for you I hope it helps
G
C
D
E
F
B.

which organelle modifies sorts and packages proteins

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the golgi apparatus

What are some human activities that change the environment?

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Humans impact the physical environment in many ways: overpopulation, pollution, burning fossil fuels, and deforestation. Changes like these have triggered climate change, soil erosion, poor air quality, and undrinkable water

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All of the above- 1, 2, and 3 These introduce variation into the chromosome or into the zygote and create cells and offspring unique from the parents.

Which statement best explains why these siblings are genetically different from each other?

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Answer:

Only one chromosome from each pair randomly passed to the s*x cells during meiosis and leads to differences between the siblings.

HURRY 50 POINTS
Define trawling, and explain the ecological damage associated with it.
DO NOT COPY AND PACE PLZ

Answers

Answer:If we are talking the word it means, fishing with a trawl net or seine, or, sifting through as part of speech. if it isnt the word then i dont know:(

Explanation:

A wastewater manager is concerned about the increasing number of intestinal illnesses in his town and the corresponding increased levels of a pathogen
known to cause this illness found in wastewater samples. Which process should be used to track the source of this waterborne illness in his town?
O Epidemiology
O Civil engineering
Hydrologic tracing
O Water management

HELP ME PLZ

Answers

Hmm I would have to say b or d good luck!

Epidemiology studies health-related states and occurrences (not simply diseases) in specific communities.Therefore, option (A) is correct.

What is epidemiology?

The study and analysis of the distribution, patterns, and determinants of health and disease conditions in a given population is what epidemiology is all about. It is one of the most important aspects of public health, and it influences both policy decisions and evidence-based treatment by determining the factors that put people at risk for disease and setting goals for preventative medical care.

Descriptive, analytical, and experimental methods are the three primary approaches utilized in epidemiology. Descriptive epidemiology is the method that is utilized the most to investigate the occurrence of disease, despite the fact that all three can be employed to do so.

Therefore, option (A) is correct.

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what bonds in an atp molecule store the chemical energy used by cells?

Answers

Answer:

quais ligações em uma molécula atp armazenam a energia química usada pelas células?

Explanation:

espero ter ajudado boa noite

Suppose you are going to draw models of the four main biomolecules.
Which statement describes how the models will be similar? *

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

They will all be formed around carbon chains and rings

In all the four types of biomolecule models, all the biomolecules should have carbon chains and rings in their models. Thus, the correct option is A.

What are Biomolecules?

Biomolecules are the basic and the main components of the food components that we eat. Biomolecules provides us energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration and performs many vital role in the body of the organism.

The major classes of biomolecules are carbohydrates, fats, protein and nucleic acids. The common thing in all the four biomolecules is that they are formed of carbon chains and rings.

All the biomolecules are formed by carbon atoms, and other components like oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogenous bases, etc.

Therefore, the correct option is A.

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Your question is incomplete, most probably the complete question is:

Suppose you are going to draw models of the four main biomolecules. Which statement describes how the models will be similar?

A. they will be formed around carbon chains and rings

B. They will all include a chain of amino acids

C. they will all have hydrocarbon chains connected only by double bonds

D. they will all include a sugar a phosphate group and a base

Which statement describes functions of anti bodies

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Antibodies have three main functions: 1) Antibodies are secreted into the blood and mucosa, where they bind to and inactivate foreign substances such as pathogens and toxins (neutralization). 2) Antibodies activate the complement system to destroy bacterial cells by lysis (punching holes in the cell wall).

Transcribe this section of DNA.
TAC-GGA-TTT-AAA-ACG-ATC
DALA

HELP PLEASE!!!

Answers

Answer is: ATG- CCT- AAA- TTT- TGC- TAG
When transcribing DNA you only use letters A, T, C, G. A always pairs with T and G always pairs with C. If they are the opposite T will pair with A and C will pair with G. Hopes this helps!
Key:
T pairs with A
A pairs with T
G pairs with C
C pairs with T

Summarize the transportation of gases in the human body (respiratory system)

Answers

Answer:

As the oxygen rich blood reaches the capillaries gas exchange occurs, oxygen is delivered to the tissues and de-oxygenated blood( loaded with CO2) leaves the tissues of the body and flows back to the heart where it is pumped to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries.

This image shows the offspring that result from a dihybrid cross between a plant with wrinkled green seeds and a plant with round yellow seeds.

The fact that the seeds can be one of two different colors shows that the chromosomes with the seed color gene must sort independently.
The fact that the seeds can be one of two different colors shows that the chromosomes with the seed color gene must sort independently.

The fact that the seeds can be one of two different textures shows that the chromosomes with the seed texture gene must sort independently.
The fact that the seeds can be one of two different textures shows that the chromosomes with the seed texture gene must sort independently.

The idea that alleles sort independently is supported by the fact that some second generation offspring have trait combinations that the first generation parents do not have.
The idea that alleles sort independently is supported by the fact that some second generation offspring have trait combinations that the first generation parents do not have.

The idea that alleles sort independently is supported by the fact that some second generation offspring have the same trait combinations that the first generation parents have.

How can this graphic be used to support the idea of independent assortment?

Answers

Answer:

The idea that alleles sort independently is supported by the fact that some second generation offspring have trait combinations that the first generation parents do not have.

What is NOT a characteristic of cell differentiation?

Answers

Answer:

unstable phenomenon

Explanation:

Gene regulation is the basis for cellular differentiation and morphogenesis.

True
Or
False

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Which substances will float on water? (there are eleven, name all of them)

Answers

Answer:

bambo!

Explanation:

An index fossil represents a species that lived during

Answers

Answer:

geologic time

what percentage of earth water is found in the oceans

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Answer: 97 percent of earths water is found in the ocean the other percent is fresh water.

Explanation:

Answer:

About 71 percent of the Earth's surface is water-covered and the ocean hold about 96.5 percent of all Earth's water.

PLEASE HELP ME I NEED HELP

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Hope this helps

Answer:

I'm pretty sure its D - hibernation

Explanation:

Torpor means a state of physical or mental inactivity, or lethargy.

Hibernation means an extended period of inactivity.

They are both used for survival in cold weather.

The constitutional convention began as what ?

Answers

if u mean what it was originally called for then

Answer:
it was originally and officially called for to revise the articles of confederation, and unofficially called for to decide how America should be governed.

a revolution in government; a meeting of state delegates called to revise the articles of confederation

PLEASE!!!! Which option identifies the satellite technology best utilized in the following scenario?

A forest management company that is not concerned about time-sensitive problems uses a standardized
internet satellite mapping system to get a rough sense of the status of wooded areas that are normally
inaccessible to all but skilled hikers.

Answers

Answer:

standardized

internet satellite mapping system

Explanation:

it says it right in the senario its standard mapping satalite technology

what is the specific function of the structure labeled f?

Answers

Answer:

The muscle spindle indicated by F functions as a proprioceptor that is responsive to changes in the length of the surrounding muscle.

Explanation:

The specific function of the structure labeled f is proprioceptor that is responsive to changes in the length of the surrounding muscle.

What is the function of the muscle spindle?

The muscle spindle is activated whenever the weight of the body, tending to bend the knees, stretches the muscles. Stimuli are sent to the spinal cord and through the motor nerve and the muscles contract to counteract the action of gravity.

The Muscle spindle is a proprioceptive sensory receptor spindle composed of muscle bundle fibers. Its main function is to signal changes in the length of the muscle on which it is located. Muscle Spindles are structures responsible for mechanical myo-integrity and regulation of muscle contraction/distension.

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what happens when 2 sunspots connect

Answers

Answer:

they can get more stringy and spread out

Although all organelles of the eukaryotic cell interact with each other within the cell to maintain homeostasis, the mitochondrion has a unique evolutionary history. It is proposed that this organelle originated as an engulfed aerobic bacterial cell that lived in a symbiotic relationship with its host cell. This explanation for the origin of the mitochondria can be supported by multiple lines of evidence. Select ALL statements that could provide accurate support for the theory of endosymbiosis as it relates to the mitochondrion. A) Mitochondria have multiple membrane layers. B) Mitochondria are the largest and most numerous organelle in the cell. C) Mitochondria have their own ribosomes separate from the ribosomes in the cell. D) Mitochondria have their own DNA that resembles the circular chromosome of bacteria. Eliminate E) Mitochondria have the ability to control when the cell undergoes mitosis or exits the cell cycle.

Answers

Answer:

Are correct

Hope it helps

Why is it that cancer does not form every time there is a mistake during the cell cycle?

Answers

Answer:

Cells will actually kill themselves through a process called apoptosis, or it will be attacked and killed so it doesn’t spread. For example, when you are exposed to the sun for a long period of time, the solar radiation can mess with your skin cells. That’s why you get sunburned: the cells dry up and fall off. Otherwise, you could get skin cancer

The reason why cancers does not form every time there is a mistake during the cell cycle is explained below:

The following information should be considered:

Cells will actually kill themselves through a process called apoptosis, or it will be attacked and killed so it doesn’t spread. For example, when you are exposed to the sun for a long period of time, the solar radiation can mess with your skin cells. That’s why you get sunburned: the cells dry up and fall off. Otherwise, you could get skin cancer

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most genetic diseases tend to be recessive. why is that?

Answers

if the disease was cause by the dominant allele, every person with said gene would be affected with the disease. if the genetic allele is recessive, both parents can be carriers (hetero) without being affected. that makes it easier for the genes to keep being passed on.

hope this helps!

New combinations of DNA and genes can come from different sources in the genetic material that is passed from to offspring. Sources of genetic material can come from in meiosis I, errors during, in meiosis, and from environmental factors. When these new combinations are passed on to, this increases - potentially, the species. Remember, for a mutation to be passed on through sexual reproduction (meiosis), the change to the MUST be present in the.

Word Bank:
DNA DNA replication mutations offspring parents crossing-over gametes nondisjunction genetic diversity benefiting

Answers

New combinations of DNA and genes can come from different sources in the

genetic material that is passed from parents to offspring.

Sources of genetic material can come from DNA replication in meiosis I,

errors during nondisjunction, in meiosis, and from environmental factors.

When these new combinations are passed on to offspring this increases

genetic diversity potentially, the species.

Remember, for a mutation to be passed on through sexual reproduction

(meiosis), the change to the DNA must be present in the gamete

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specific amino acids are attached to trna molecules by:

Answers

Answer: The energy of ATP hydrolysis is used to attach each amino acid to its tRNA molecule in a high-energy linkage. The amino acid is first activated through the linkage of its carboxyl group directly to AMP forming an adenylated amino acid; this linkage is driven by the hydrolysis of the ATP molecule that donates the AMP.

Explanation:

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