Ethanol in the body is oxidized to acetaldehyde by liver alcohol dehydrogenase (LADH). Other alcohols are also oxidized by LADH. For example, methanol, which is mildly intoxicating, is oxidized by LADH to the quite toxic product of formaldehyde. The toxic effects of ingesting methanol (a component of many commercial solvents) can be reduced by administering ethanol. The ethanol acts as a competitive inhibitor of methanol by displacing it from LADH. This provides sufficient time for the methanol to be harmlessly excreted by the kidneys. If an individual has ingested 30 mL of methanol (a lethal dose), how much 100 proof whiskey (50% ethanol by volume) must be imbibed to reduce the activity of her LADH towards methanol to 5% of its original value? The adult human body contains ~40L of aqueous fluids throughout which ingested alcohols are rapidly and uniformly mixed. The densities of ethanol and methanol are both 0.79 g/cm3. Assume the KM values of LADH for ethanol and methanol to be 10-3 M and 10-2 M, respectively, and that Ki = KM for ethanol

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: The changes are the mL of methanol ingestion (30mL) and the proof of the whiskey (40% ethanol; 80 proof), and the percentage of reduction (1%). I applied the formulas from the last post in reference to this question but am completely lost. The formulas used last time were: 2. Formulas Applied alpha=1 + ([etOH]/KetOH) (V[meOH]/V[etOH])= (Vmax*[meOH]/KmeOH+[meOH])/(Vmax*[meOH]/alpha*KmeOH+[meOH]) which reduces to (V[meOH]/V[etOH])=(alpha*KmeOH+[meOH])/(KmeOH+[meOH]) 3. My attempt Molarity of methanol: 30mL; which equates to 23.7g of methanol; in 40L that is equal to 0.5925 g/L Dividing the molecular weight by 32.04g/mol I get 0.0184925 which is approximately 0.02M; Km is 0.01M Since the molar mass of methanol and ethanol are two fold, I can multiply the g/l by 4. However, unlike the previous problem, I cannot multiply by 2 because I do not have 50% EtOH, so because 40 is less than 50 I assume to multiply by 2.5 yielding: (30mL)(4)(2.5)=300mL 300mL of EtOH to effectively reduce the Methanol to 1%.


Related Questions

Calculate the pH of a solution with [H+] =1x10^-5

Answers

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Answer: 5

Explanation:

I hope this helped!

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Calculate the pH of a 4.988 M solution of ascorbic acid, which has a ka of 8.0 x 10-5.
Report your answer with two decimal places. Example: 6.99

Answers

Answer:

pH= 1.70

Explanation:

I      4.988        0     0

C     -x             +x     +x

E     4.988 -x    x       x

8.0 x 10^-5 = X^2/ 4.988 - x

(since the X value is so small, round 4.988-x to 4.988 because X is close to zero)

8.0 x 10^-5 = x^2/4.988

x4.988           x4.988

4.0 x 10^-4 = x^2

x = .0199

pH=-log[.0199] = 1.70

If 0.000066 moles of 0.01 M solution of carbonic acid dissociates, then what is Ka of carbonic acid

Answers

Answer: 4.4 x 10^-7

Explanation:

0.000066 x 0.0000066 / 0.01

= 4.4 x 10^-7

When sodium hydroxide NaOH dissociates in water, the oxygen atoms on the hydroxide anions will interact with:

Answers

Answer:

Hydroxide ions ( OH−) are negatively charged, and the formal negative charge is on the oxygen atom. Since opposite charges attract, the oxygen atoms will interact with the positive end of water's dipole.

Explanation:

Boyle's Law states that when a sample of gas is compressed at a constant temperature, the pressure P and volume V satisfy the equation PV = C, where C is a constant. Suppose that at a certain instant the volume is 300 cm3, the pressure is 180 kPa, and the pressure is increasing at a rate of 30 kPa/min. At what rate is the volume decreasing at this instant?

Answers

Answer:

The gas is decreasing at a rate of 50 cubic centimeters per minute.

Explanation:

The Boyle's Law is represented by the following expression:

[tex]P\cdot V = k[/tex] (1)

Where:

[tex]P[/tex] - Pressure, in kilopascals.

[tex]V[/tex] - Volume, in cubic centimeters.

[tex]k[/tex] - Proportionality constant, in kilopascal-cubic centimeters.

By definitions of rate of change and implicit differentiation, we derive the following differential equation:

[tex]\dot P \cdot V + P\cdot \dot V = 0[/tex] (2)

Where:

[tex]\dot P[/tex] - Rate of change of the pressure, in kilopascals per minute.

[tex]\dot V[/tex] - Rate of change of the volume, in cubic centimeters per minute.

Then, we clear the rate of change of the volume within (2):

[tex]P\cdot \dot V = -\dot P\cdot V[/tex]

[tex]\dot V = -\left(\frac{\dot P}{P} \right) \cdot V[/tex]

If we know that [tex]P = 180\,kPa[/tex], [tex]\dot P = 30\,\frac{kPa}{min}[/tex] and [tex]V = 300\,cm^{3}[/tex], then the rate of change of the volume is:

[tex]\dot V = -\left(\frac{\dot P}{P} \right) \cdot V[/tex]

[tex]\dot V = -50\,\frac{cm^{3}}{min}[/tex]

The gas is decreasing at a rate of 50 cubic centimeters per minute.

If anyone could help I’d appreciate it

Answers

Answer: 2.00 mol

Explanation:

The balanced chemical equation is:

[tex]2H_2(g)+O_2(g)\rightarrow 2H_2O(g)[/tex]  

According to stoichiometry :

2.00 moles of [tex]H_2[/tex] require = 1.00 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex]

Thus 2.00 moles of [tex]H_2[/tex] will require=[tex]\frac{1}{2}\times 2.00=1.00moles[/tex]  of [tex]O_2[/tex]

Thus both will act as limiting reagents and will be fully consumed.

2.00 moles of [tex]H_2[/tex] will form = 2 moles of [tex]H_2O[/tex]

Thus 2.00 moles of [tex]H_2[/tex] will form = [tex]\frac{2}{2}\times 2.00=2.00moles[/tex]  of [tex]H_2O[/tex]

  Thus 2.00 moles of [tex]H_2O[/tex] will be produced from the given masses of both reactants.

Why does an asteroid get hotter when it goes close to the sun?

Answers

It gets hotter because if the heat waves from the sun we all know the sun is really hot obviously so the heat wave make it hot

How many grams are in 1.2 x 1024 atoms of sodium?

Answers

Answer:

46 g

Explanation:

First we convert 1.2 x 10²⁴ atoms of sodium into moles, using Avogadro's number:

1.2x10²⁴ atoms ÷ 6.023x10²³ atoms/mol = 2.0 mol

Then we convert 2.0 moles of sodium into grams, using sodium's molar mass:

2.0 mol Na * 23 g/mol = 46 g

Thus, there are 46 grams in 1.2x10²⁴ atoms of sodium.

GROUP NUMBER
ELEMENT
Potassium
Fluorine
Silicon
Radon
Gold
Beryllium
Oxygen
Neon
Rubidium
Tungsten
Arsenic
Calcium
Sodium
Aluminum
Chromium
Iodine
Helium
Nitrogen
Iron
Zinc

Answers

Answer:

Jet ğıpep2pep2p2pp3oroe88r82

What is 2AI(s) + FeO3(s) = Ai2O3(s) + 2Fe(s)

Answers

Answer:

it's a double displacement Reaction.

How can y’all do this

I don’t understand please help

Answers

It’s C)H2SO4
Good luck
I agree the answer is C according to my research about it

Is the Swedish timber industry more likely a result of good resource availability or a lack of trees elsewhere on Earth?

Answers

Answer:

The forest products industry plays a major role in the Swedish economy, and accounts for between nine and 12 percent of Swedish industry's total employment, exports, sales and added value. It includes companies within the pulp and paper industry, as well as the wood-mechanical industry.

Write a structural formula for each of the following: (a) 3-Methylcyclobutene (b) 1-Methylcyclopentene (c) 2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene (d) (Z)-3-Hexene (e) (E)-2-Pentene (f) 3,3,3-Tribromopropene (g) (Z,4R)-4-Methyl-2-hexene (h) (E,4S )-4-Chloro-2-pentene (i) (Z)-1-Cyclopropyl-1-pentene (j) 5-Cyclobutyl-1-pentene (k) (R)-4-Chloro-2-pentyne (l) (E)-4-Methylhex-4-en-1-yne

Answers

Answer:

Attached below

Explanation:

(a) 3-Methylcyclobutene

(b) 1-Methylcyclopentene

(c) 2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene

(d) (Z)-3-Hexene  

(e) (E)-2-Pentene

(f) 3,3,3-Tribromopropene

(g) (Z,4R)-4-Methyl-2-hexene

(h) (E,4S )-4-Chloro-2-pentene

(i) (Z)-1-Cyclopropyl-1-pentene

(j) 5-Cyclobutyl-1-pentene

(k) (R)-4-Chloro-2-pentyne

(l) (E)-4-Methylhex-4-en-1-yne

The structural formula of a compound ( chemical ) is the representation of the molecular structure of the compounds ( i.e. it shows how the atoms in the compound is arranged, also the chemical bonding within the molecules are represented as well.

is sublimation exothermic or endothermic

Answers

Answer:

endormic

Explanation:

It occurs at a temperature and pressures below a substance's triple point on its phase diagram, which corresponds to the lowest pressure at which the substance can exist as a liquid

Look at the H-R diagram. Which area of the diagram represents the white dwarfs? Give answer like top, right corner.

Answers

Answer:

I did this TGA got it right it is bottom left corner

Explanation:

Ethanol (C2H5OH) is produced from the fermentation of sucrose in the presence of enzymes.
C12H22O11(aq) + H2O(g) 4 C2H5OH(l) + 4 CO2(g)
Determine the theoretical yield and the percent yields of ethanol if 665 g sucrose undergoes fermentation and 305.0 g ethanol is obtained.
theoretical

Answers

actual yield of ethanol = 305.0g

molar mass of sucrose = 342g

molar mass of ethanol  =46g

mass of sucrose = 665g

mole of sucrose = mass / molar mass = 665/342

mole of sucrose =1.9 mole

sucrose :  C2H5OH

       1      :  4

     1.9     : 1.9x4 =7.6 mole of C2H5OH are formed

mass (therotical yield ) of C2H5OH= mole x mass

mass (therotical yield ) of C2H5OH= 7.6 x 46 = 349.6g

percent yields of ethanol =  actual /therotical x100

=305/349.6x100 = 87.24 %

help with my science about the human body

Answers

Well uhm...what’s your question

Answer:

am sorry what exactly is your question?

write a balanced equation between oxalic acid and potassium hydroxide ​

Answers

2 KOH(aq) + H2C2O4(s) → K2C2O4(aq) + 2 H2O(l) When a sample of oxalic acid (H2C2O4), which is a diprotic acid (both H-atoms are acidic), is titrated with 0.250 M potassium hydroxide solution, 24.66 mL of the potassium hydroxide solution are required to neutralize the acid. I don’t know is this gonna help but ok ._.

Aspirin synthesis involves the addition of an acetyl group to salicylic acid in a condensation reaction with an alcohol. The acetyl group could be added with a carboxylic acid but the preferred procedure is to use the acid anhydride. Why is preferable to use an acid anhydride for ester formation with an alcohol rather than a carboxylic acid

Answers

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

The synthesis of asprin involves the;

i) Hydrolysis of Methyl salicylate

ii) Reaction of salicylic acid with acid anhydride

The chemical name of asprin is acetylsalicylic acid.

It is preferable to use an acid anhydride for ester formation with an alcohol rather than a carboxylic acid because we will not produce water which can then cause the hydrolysis of the newly formed ester.

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Answers

i don't understand the question

Consider a free lysine amino acid in a solution buffered to pH = 9.00. What will be the overall charge on the residue?
Is it -2, -1, 0, 1, 2?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

+1

The overall charge on the residue ( lysine residue ) is ; ( C )  0 charge

The a-aminium group of lysine amino acid will begin deprotonating by the presence of NaOH as the pH level of the solution increases.

Given that the pKa level of a-aminium group = 9. when the pH of  the solution is buffered to 9.0 . half of the a-aminium ions that is present in the lysine amino acid will deprotonate leaving the overall charge on the lysine residue at neutral ( 0 charge ).

Hence we can conclude that the overall charge on the residue is a 0 charge.

Learn more : https://brainly.com/question/24601758

10) 81 grams of Au is how many mL ?

Answers

Answer: Thus 81 grams of Au is 9210 ml

Explanation:

According to avogadro's law, 1 mole of every substance occupies 22.4 L at STP and contains avogadro's number [tex]6.023\times 10^{23}[/tex] of particles.

To calculate the moles, we use the equation:

[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text {Molar mass}}[/tex]

[tex]\text{moles of Au}=\frac{81g}{196.96g/mol}=0.411moles[/tex]

1 mole of Au occupies = 22.4 L

Thus 0.411 moles of Au occupy = [tex]\frac{22.4}{1}\times 0.411=9.21L=9210ml[/tex]

81 grams of Au is 9210 ml

How many fluorine atoms are there in 39.4 moles of CF4?

Answers

Answer:

here

Explanation:

Answer: 4

A molecule of carbon tetrafluoride, CF4 , is made up of 1 carbon atom bonded to 4 fluorine atoms. Each carbon atom weighs 12.0 amu and each fluorine atom weighs 19.0 amu so 1 CF4 molecule weighs 1×12.0 amu + 4×19.0 amu = 88.0 amu. This number, 88.0, is called the molecular weight (or molecular mass) of CF4.

Calculate the molarity of a solution that contains 3.00x10-2 mol NH4Cl in exactly 450 cm3 of solution.

Answers

Answer:

0.06moles/litres

Explanation:

molarity = no of moles / volume in litres = 3.00*10^-2/(450/1000)=0.06 moles/litres

Answer:

0.07mol/dm^3

Explanation:

Please mark as brainliest

which element is shown in the picture here?

Answers

Ru is the the element shown

Help bestie pls help ASAP thank you

Answers

Explanation:

heyyyyyyyyy how are you sure

Select the description of a galvanic (voltaic) cell. An electrochemical cell that uses electricity to produce an oxidation-reduction reaction. An electrochemical cell that produces electricity from a spontaneous oxidation-reduction reaction. One-half of an electrochemical cell in which either oxidation or reduction occurs. Connects the two half-cells in an electrochemical cell to maintain electrical neutrality.

Answers

Answer:  An electrochemical cell that produces electricity from a spontaneous oxidation-reduction reaction

Explanation:

Galvanic cell is a device which is used for the conversion of the chemical energy produced in a redox reaction into the electrical energy.

Galvanic cell consists of two half cells known as anode and cathode. Oxidation takes place at anode and reduction takes place at cathode. The two half cells are connected by a salt bridge which contains an electrolyte which maintains the electrical neutrality.

what is another name for horse

Answers

Answer:

Mount, Charger, Colt, Pony, and Folt

Explanation:

Answer:

A stallion or a mare

Explanation:

2.0M Propionic Acid HC3H5O2 Dissolves In Distilled Water. If It Has A Ka Of 1.3*10-5, What Is The Final PH?

The base ethylamine C2H5NH2 has a Kb of 5.6*10-4. What will the pH be in .53 molar solution?

Answers

Answer: first you have to calculate the amount ionized. We will say it is x mol / L

then % ionization = (amount ionized / initial concentration) * 100%

x can be calculated using an ice chart

HC3H5O2           -----> H+    + C3H5O2-

Initial HC3H5O2 = 0.250  

change              = -x

equilibrium         = 0.250 - x

initial H+            = 0

change              = +x

equilibrium         = x

C3H5O2- initial   = 0

change              = +x

equilibrium         = x

Ka         = [H=][C3H5O2-] / HC3H5O2]

 1.3 * 10 ^ -5    = [x][x] / (0.250 - x)  

So 1.3 * 10 ^ -5 * (0.250 - x)   = x ^ 2  

     3.25 * 10^ -6 - (1.3 * 10^-5)x = x^2   now this is a quadratic equation and you have to rearrange it and solve for x

x^2 + 1.3 * 10^-5)x - 3.25 * 10^ -6 = 0

use the equation x = {-b (+ or -)[b^2 - 4.a.c] ^ 1/2} / 2a

you should get x = 1.80 * 10 ^ -3 or x = -1.80* 10^-3

but x can not be negative..

so x = 1.80 * 10 ^ -3

so percent ionization = (1.80 * 10 ^ -3 / 0.250) * 100%

                               =0.72 %

the other way which is more easier is  

assuming that x is very small and therefore 0.250 - x is approximately equals to 0.250  

then 1.3 * 10^-5 = x^2 / 0.250

so x^2    = 1.3 * 10^-5 * 0.250

        x   = 1.80 * 10 ^-3

then percent ionization is = (1.80 * 10 ^ -3 / 0.250) * 100%

                               =0.72 %

if the percent ionization is > 5 % you can not do that approximation. in such a case you have to solve the quadratic equation. that is why I showed both methods.

now you can do the parts b and c

b answer : percent ionization = 1.27 %  

c answer : 2.54%

good luck

__C+_SO2—_CS2 + __CO

Answers

Answer:

_c+_so2-_cs2+_co= Toxic

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