Explain how a concentration gradient, a membrane protein, and hydrogen ions work together to provide a mithochondrion with energy.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Mitochondria within the electronic transport chain, are responsible for producing the energy that the cell needs, adjusting its operation to meet the metabolic needs of the body.The mitochondrion is the place where oxygen is consumed from aerobic organisms through various electron carriers and proton translocators (H +).

Explanation:

The lipid matrix of the membrane provides an impermeable barrier to ion translocation, as well as a topological organization to the catalysts in the membrane matrix that allows them to transport both e- and ions within and across the membrane in vector form. The transformation of oxidative energy into other forms of energy is carried out, initially, by generating a transmembrane electrochemical potential difference of H + ions (protomotive force). This force is the product of the asymmetric distribution of H + on both sides of the membrane, as those are translocated through it by the enzymatic complexes of the respiratory chain.The protomotive force is made up of two closely related components: one, function of the difference in chemical concentration of hydrogens across the membrane (a pH gradient) and another, dependent on the difference in electrical charge of H + ions on both sides of it (an electrical potential gradient). Gradients of electrical charge and chemical potential produce a field in which a force is exerted that tends to attract previously expelled protons into the mitochondria. It is the enzymatic complex of ATPase, the means by which the thermodynamically reversible translocation of H + ions is catalyzed. At the same time, the chemical activity of the H + on both sides of the membrane causes a change in the equilibrium constant of the enzyme, inducing it to catalyze the synthesis of ATP.


Related Questions

The cells of both unicellular and multicellular organisms carry out life processes. With respect to life processes, what advantage do multicellular organisms have over unicellular organisms? 1) Their cells reproduce more quickly. 2) Their life processes occur over a shorter time period. 3) Their cells can specialize in certain functions. 4) Their cell division is more efficient.

Answers

Answer:

Their cells can specialize in certain functions

Explanation:

This because multicellular organisms are organisms that are made up of several cells which aid it's complexity and lifespan. The cells in muiticellular organisms carries out specialise function or task which give them long lifespan. This long life span is achieved because of various cells that maintain their processes, the cells forms tissues, tissues to organs, organs to system and they all perform different specialized functions.

What is the name of the particle that circles the nucleus of an atom?
A. Neutron
B. Protein
C. Proton
D. Electron

Answers

Answer:

electron

Explanation:

elections circle the nucleus

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DNA Unit Test (Spring 2021) / 19 of 29
What is most likely to result when a mutation affects a DNA sequence?
A. The codons will be unable to create bonds with the enzymes.
B. The nucleic acids will be unable to create bonds with the ribosomes.
C. The amino acid sequence will be changed and a different protein will be formed.
D. The protein sequence will be changed and a different set of nucleic acids will be formed.

Answers

Answer:it’s A

Explanation:

Why cell wall is only found in plant cells

Answers

Answer:

This is because cell walls protect the cells and allow plants to grow to great heights.

Explanation:

Cells walls are made of a cellulose are only found in plant cells.

Need help!!!!! I need this page solved !!

Answers

Answer:

1. Igneous

2. Compacting and cementation

3. Igneous

Which part of the ear is infected during ear infections?
-the outer ear
-the whole ear
-the inner ear
-the middle ear

Answers

Answer:

It's the middle ear.

Explanation:

The official diagnosis is "otitis media" which translates as otitis = inflammation of the ear, and media = middle

In general, what region of the country most likely experiences the greatest chemical
weathering and why?

Albany, NY or Washington, D.C.

Answers

Answer: South/South East -  South China/Indochina

Explanation:

Climatic and tectonic controls on weathering in south China and Indochina Peninsula: Clay mineralogical and geochemical investigations from the Pearl, Red, and Mekong drainage basins

Which is not a type of crystal system?
A. hexagonal
B. monoclinic
C. orthorhombic
D. triangular

Answers

Answer:

D. the answer is triangular

Because all of the cells in a multi-cellular organism come from a single cell, all of its cells will have the same number of

Answers

Answer:

Chromosomes

Explanation:

Multicellular organism are organisms that have more than one cells in their body. However, from the very beginning of every living organism including multicellular organisms, only ONE cell is required. In the case of multicellular organisms, this one cell undergoes division by mitosis to form other cells.

Since the cells divide by mitosis i.e 1 forms 2, 2 forms 4 etc.,. each of the cells are genetically identical to one another. Hence, this means that all the cells will contain the same number of chromosomes in their genome. For example, a dog as a multicellular organism has cells that emanate from one cell. If that one cell contain 39 chromosomes, all cells in the dog will also contain 39 chromosomes.

What force or forces constitute the fundamental source of energy that generates wind movement and circulation?

Answers

Answer:

The movement of wind is the result of the action of one or more forces on a particle of air, fundamentally the forces of the solar radiation, pressure gradient, coriolis, friction and centrifugal are recognized.

Explanation:

Air movement is caused by differential heating of the earth's surface and the atmosphere, which presents significant variations in time and space. Wind specifically refers to the horizontal movement of air parcels (which reach great distances and can persist on different time scales)Solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth, and this process is uneven. This irregular heating is what generates the wind. Pressure Gradient Force is determined by the pressure differences between two points in the atmosphere and tends to move the parcels of air from high to low pressure centers, in order to achieve barometric equilibrium. This force is responsible for causing the initial movement of the air. The Coriolis Force is an apparent force that occurs perpendicular to the direction of movement, generating a deviation in the wind path due to the rotation of the Earth (around its axis with an angular velocity). Centrifugal Force manifests itself as a radial pushing action from the center of a circle. In the atmosphere, it occurs in high- and low-pressure systems, leading outward from high- or low-pressure centers. The Friction Force is caused by the friction of the air with the earth's surface, causing a delay in the flow of air masses and changes in the direction of movement.

help asap
6th grade science

Answers

Answer:

true.......

Explanation:

.........

Answer: True.

Explanation: All facts mentioned are true avout plant cells...........

Characteristics nucleus cell wall Kingdom A absent (prokaryote) present autotrophs or heterotrophs Kingdom B present (eukaryote) absent mode of nutrition heterotrophs cellular organization unicellular multicellular Which student scenario correctly matches the Kingdoms based on the characteristics given in the chart? O A. Student 1 believes Kingdom A ilmbacteria because it is unicellular and prokaryotic. Student 2 believes that kingdom B is plant because it is missing a cell wall and is multicellular. O B. Student 1 believes Kingdom A is fungi because it is autotrophic and unicellular. Student 2 believes that kingdom B is animal because it is eukaryotic and heterotrophic. C. Student 1 believes Kingdom A is animal because it is prokaryotic and unicellular. Student 2 believes that kingdom B is bacteria because it is unicellular and prokaryotic. O D. Student 1 believes Kingdom A is bacteria because it is unicellular and prokaryotic. Student 2 believes that Kingdom B is animal because it is eukaryotic and heterotrophic.​

Answers

Answer:

It's the last answer choice

Explanation:

You basically look at the chart and see if the answer choices match.

A monkey is holding on to the branch of a tree with a force of 160N. What force is the tree holding the monkey up with? The monkey's mass is 16.3kg

Answers

Answer:

l think it is the force of gravity

Explanation:

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hellllllp how do you do this?​

Answers

Answer:

do what ? i cannot see it

Explanation:

ok

Answer:whats the question

Explanation:(pls dont report me as soon as u tell me the question i will edit my answer and answer correctly)

Dendritic cells process antigens by

detection.

engulfment.

immunity.

inflammation.

Answers

Answer:

Dendritic cells are the most efficient antigen-presenting cells. They take up antigens and pathogens, generate MHC-peptide complexes, migrate from the sites of antigen acquisition to secondary lymphoid organs and, finally, they physically interact with and stimulate T lymphocytes. So it would most likely be inflammation.

Explanation:

Answer: Engulfment.

Explanation:

Muscles cannot function without ATP. Review your knowledge of ATP by answering the followini
questions.
ATP molecules store and release_____.

Answers

Answer:

energy

Explanation:

hope  it helps.

Answer:

ATP molecules store and release energy.

Energy is released when ✔phosphate bonds are broken.

edge ✅⬇️

why do animals exist in various species

Answers

evolution. over time animals have evolved unique traits that make them distinct from other species.

The period during which a heart chamber is contracting is called . 2. The period during which a heart chamber is relaxing is called . 3. During ventricular contraction, the AV valves (tricuspid and mitral valves) are . 4. During ventricular relaxation, the AV valves are . 5. The pulmonary and aortic valves open when the pressure in the exceeds the pressure in the pulmonary trunk and aorta. 6. The first sound of a cardiac cycle occurs when the are closing. 7. The second sound of a cardiac cycle occurs when

Answers

Answer:

1.The period during which a heart chamber is contracting is called systole.

2. The period during which a heart chamber is relaxing is called diastole.

3. During ventricular contraction, the AV valves (tricuspid and mitral valves) are closed.

4. During ventricular relaxation, the AV valves are open.

5. The pulmonary and aortic valves open when the pressure in the ventricles exceeds the pressure in the pulmonary trunk and aorta.

6. The first sound of a cardiac cycle occurs when the atrioventricular valves are closing.

7. The second sound of a cardiac cycle occurs when the semilunar valves are closing.

Explanation:

We can divide the heart cycle into two parts the systole and the diastole. The systole happens when the heart walls contract, and the diastole when these relax.

The relaxation and contraction allow the flow of blood into the different heart chambers.

During diastole, blood flows to the right atrium from the vena cavae superior and inferior, and the coronary veins and to the left atrium from the pulmonary veins. The blood accumulated in the atriums causes the AV valves to open, and blood flows to the ventricles. In this part, the atrium pressure exceeds the ventricular pressure allowing the blood's flow. When the atriums contract, the remaining blood that was in them, goes to the ventricles. Throughout all this process, the pulmonary and aortic valve is closed due to a pressure difference.

During ventricular systole, there are two phases. First, the ventricles contracts themselves, and the ventricular pressure increases, being higher than the atrium pressure. As a consequence, the AV valves close. During this first phase of contraction, there is not enough pressure to open the pulmonary and aortic valves. In the second phase, the ventricles completely contract themselves, the ventricular blood pressure increases. It becomes higher than the pressure in the aortic and pulmonary valves. As a consequence, the blood pushes the valves open, and blood goes out of the heart. Then, the difference in pressure between the ventricles and the pulmonary trunk and aorta causes the valves in these areas to close.

The first sound that we listen to is the S1 and is during the ventricular contraction that closes the atrioventricular valves. The second sound is the S2, and it happens when the semilunar valves close, also knowns as aortic and pulmonary valves. S2 occurs during diastole once that the blood is out of the ventricle and the contraction has finished.

Which event is most likely to happen if the mouse population is wiped out?
O A. The snake population will decrease.
OB. The owl population will increase.
C. The plant population will decrease.
OD. The fox population will increase.
Sorry I need help again I got like 2 more question sosoisksksks

Answers

The snake population will decrease. If all of the mice in an area die out, some snakes — which feed primarily on mice and other small animals — will starve unless they are able to find another food source.

Please mark Brainliest if this helped you! :)

Answer:

A. The snake population will decrease

Explanation:

Because the snakes wont have much food to eat

What is the current genetic diversity of koalas?

Answers

Answer:

low in modern conditions.

Explanation:

What are physical properties?

Answers

Physical properties are properties that can be measured or observed without changing the chemical nature of the substance. Some examples of physical properties are:

color (intensive)
density (intensive)
volume (extensive)
mass (extensive)
boiling point (intensive): the temperature at which a substance boils
melting point (intensive): the temperature at which a substance melts

Which scenario MOST LIKELY represents genetic drift and why?

Question 2 options:

Scenario 2, because the dark beetles are most fit for the environment.


Scenario 1, because chance events led to a decrease in the number of dark
beetles.


Scenario 2, because chance events led to a decrease in the number of light
beetles.


Scenario 1, because the light beetles are most fit for the environment.

Answers

Answer:

B -Scenario 1, because chance events led to a decrease in the number of dark

Scenario 1, because chance events led to a decrease in the number of darkbeetles.

How do the organs of the excretory system work together to eliminate potentially harmful wastes from the body?

Answers

Answer:

This is the job of the excretory system. You remove waste as a gas (carbon dioxide), as a liquid (urine and sweat), and as a solid. Excretion is the process of removing wastes and excess water from the body. Recall that carbon dioxide travels through the blood and is transferred to the lungs where it is exhaled.

Explanation:

Hope this helped you:D

What is the major cause of changes in gene expression?

Answers


Genes encode proteins and proteins dictate cell function. Therefore, the thousands of genes expressed in a particular cell determine what that cell can do. Moreover, each step in the flow of information from DNA to RNA to protein provides the cell with a potential control point for self-regulating its functions by adjusting the amount and type of proteins it manufactures.

Little is known about much of Earth’s early history because ____.
a.
Precambrian rocks have been deeply buried
b.
Precambrian rocks have been changed by heat and pressure
c.
Precambrian soft-bodied life-forms weren’t often preserved as fossils
d.
all of the above

Answers

Answer:

D. all of the above

Explanation:

i hope it helps you

When a slingshot is held in the position shown in the diagram, what kind
of energy is present?

Answers

Answer:

I can't see a diagram. But if the arrow is not moving, but about to be released it would be known as potential energy.

Which one is the true answer

Answers

Answer:

mantle core crust

Explanation:

A chemist has discovered a drug that blocks an enzyme that catalyzes some of the reactions of glycolysis. He wants to use the drug to kill bacteria in people with infections. However, he cannot do this because __________. A chemist has discovered a drug that blocks an enzyme that catalyzes some of the reactions of glycolysis. He wants to use the drug to kill bacteria in people with infections. However, he cannot do this because __________. bacteria are facultative anaerobes; they usually don't need to perform glycolysis human cells also perform glycolysis; the drug might also poison them glycolysis can occur without the action of enzymes bacteria do not perform glycolysis glycolysis produces so little ATP that the drug will have little effect

Answers

Answer:

human cells also perform glycolysis; the drug might also poison them

Explanation:

Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration, which is performed by every living thing to release energy for their cell's use. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol, hence, it is undergone by every living organism whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic.

According to this question, a chemist is said to have discovered a drug that blocks an enzyme that catalyzes some of the reactions of glycolysis. His main aim is to use the drug to kill bacteria in people with infections. No matter his good intentions, he cannot use the drug on people because of its inhibitory effect on glycolytic reactions, which is also performed by human cells.

Therefore, the chemist cannot use the drug because human cells also perform glycolysis and the drug might also poison them.

2. What does polar mean?
A. A molecule is cold
B. A molecule has ionic bonds
C. A equal sharing of electrons
D. An unequal sharing of electrons

Answers

Hello!

⭐What does polar mean?

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D. An unequal sharing of electrons

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Chemical polarity or only polar is a property of molecules that represents the separation of electric charges in the same molecule (see also electric dipole). ...

I hope I have helped you :D

greetings

atte:

Angela

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Drag the tiles to the correct boxes to complete the pairs. Not all tiles will be used.
Match the words with their definitions.
runoff
precipitation
transpiration
condensation
groundwater
evaporation
process in which plants release water vapor into the air
process in which water changes to a vapor
water that falls from clouds toward the ground
water vapor that cools down to form water droplets
flowing of rainwater downhill to form streams and rivers

Answers

Transpiration: process in which plants release water vapor into the air
Evaporation: process in which water changes to a vapor
Precipitation: water that falls from clouds toward the ground
Condensation: water vapor that cools down to form water droplets
Groundwater: flowing of rainwater downhill to form streams and rivers

Transpiration: process in which plants release water vapor into the air.

Evaporation:   process in which water changes to a vapor.

Precipitation:   water that falls from clouds toward the ground.

Condensation: water vapor that cools down to form water droplets.

Runoff:  flowing of rainwater downhill to form streams and rivers.

What is water cycle?The water cycle shows the continuous movement of water within the Earth and atmosphere. It is a complex system that includes many different processes. Liquid water evaporates into water vapor, condenses to form clouds, and precipitates back to earth in the form of rain and snow.Water cycle involve  the  evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation and runoff.

To know more about water cycle here

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Other Questions
What integer makes this equation true? -2 + X = 10 PLEASE NO LINKS I REALLY NEED HELP HURRY I NEED HELP!!! Read the following poem by Dylan Thomas, "Do not go gentle into that good night":(1) Do not go gentle into that good night, Old age should burn and rave at close of day; Rage, rage against the dying of the light.(2) Though wise men at their end know dark is right, Because their words had forked no lightning they Do not go gentle into that good night.(3) Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay, Rage, rage against the dying of the light.(4) Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight, And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way, Do not go gentle into that good night.(5) Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay, Rage, rage against the dying of the light.(6) And you, my father, there on the sad height, Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray. Do not go gentle into that good night. Rage, rage against the dying of the light.Which of the following describes the shift in the speaker's focus? (5 points)He shifts from speaking about wild men to speaking about grave men.He shifts from speaking about wise men to speaking about good men.He shifts from speaking about other men to speaking about his father.He shifts from speaking about himself to speaking about his father. King Kyle orders the construction of his future mausoleum (a fancy tomb) so that people never forget his awesomeness. His architect draws a floor plan depicting the mausoleum as a rectangle measuring 35 m 35 m35, start text, space, m, end text by 40 m 40 m40, start text, space, m, end text. If the half life of a decaying isotope is 10 years, which statement is true after 8 years Use a trigonometric ratio to find the value of x. Round your answer to the nearest tenth What is the name of the drug that relaxes blood vessels and eases chest and arm pain?beta-blockernitroglycerinanticoagulantACE inhibitor Please find the discriminant: The following are budgeted data: JanuaryFebruaryMarch Sales in units15,90021,80018,900 Production in units18,90019,90017,900 One pound of material is required for each finished unit. The inventory of materials at the end of each month should equal 20% of the following month's production needs. Purchases of raw materials for February would be budgeted to be: If a company has goodwill on its books, the goodwill: HELPPPP PLEASEEE!!!!!! If C=-3+5s^2 and B=-2s+5, find an expression that equals 2C+3B in standard form. Determining the validity of a source online requires A)asking a teacherB)counting the number of imagesC)looking for biasD)looking for charts or graphs A school is planning to construct two rectangular play areas in the playground.The length of play area A must be 1 foot longer than four times its width. The width of play area B must be 2 feet longer than the width of playarea A, and the length must be 2 feet longer than three times its own width. In addition, the areas of the two play areas must be equal.Write a system of equations to represent this situation, where y is the area of the play areas and x is the width of play area A. Which statementdescribes the number and viability of the system's solutions?.The system has two solutions, but only one is viable because the other results in a negative width.B. The system has only one solution, and it is viable because it results in a positive width.c. The system has two solutions, and both are viable because they result in positive widths.d. The system has only one solution, but it is not viable because it results in a negative width.NEED THE ANSWER ASAP How does the setting affect the characters actions and or/propel the plot along? Please help, ASAP. Thank you!! Oxygen molecules absorbed by cells: The athlete's result will be ____________ the normal healthy body's result.Higher thanLower thanThe same as Classify each of the following based on the macroeconomic definitions of saving and investment.A. Caroline buys new bulldozers for her construction firm.B. Dmitri purchases a new condominium in Detroit.C. Frances purchases stock in NanoSpeck, a biotech firm.D. Antonio purchases a corporate bond issued by a car company. What would happen to Earth's temperature if the energy absorbed from the sun (solar radiation) was less than the emitted (thermal) energy leaving the Earth? How do I Solve for x.4x^2-64=0